§ 1143. Employment assistance

10,775 words·~49 min read·/usc/title-10/section-1143

A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.

(a)Employment Skills Verification.—

(1)The Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security with respect to the Coast Guard when it is not operating as a service in the Navy shall provide to members of the armed forces who are discharged or released from active duty a certification or verification of any job skills and experience acquired while on active duty that may have application to employment in the civilian sector. The preceding sentence shall be carried out in conjunction with the Secretary of Labor.

(2)In order to improve the accuracy and completeness of a certification or verification of job skills and experience required by paragraph (1), the Secretary of Defense shall—

(A)establish a database to record all training performed by members of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Space Force that may have application to employment in the civilian sector; and

(B)make unclassified information regarding such information available to States and other potential employers referred to in subsection

(c)so that State and other entities may allow military training to satisfy licensing or certification requirements to engage in a civilian profession.

(3)The Secretary of Defense shall ensure that a certification or verification of job skills and experience required by paragraph

(1)is rendered in such a way that States and other potential employers can confirm the accuracy and authenticity of the certification or verification.

(b)Employment Assistance Centers.— The Secretary of Defense shall establish permanent employment assistance centers at appropriate military installations. The Secretary of Homeland Security shall establish permanent employment assistance centers at appropriate Coast Guard installations.

(c)Information to Civilian Entities.—

(1)For the purpose of assisting members covered by subsection

(a)and their spouses in locating civilian employment and training opportunities, the Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of Homeland Security shall establish and implement procedures to release to civilian employers, organizations, State employment agencies, and other appropriate entities the names (and other pertinent information) of such members and their spouses. Such names may be released for such purpose only with the consent of such members and spouses.

(A)A State may—

(i)use a certification or verification of job skills and experience provided to a member of the armed forces under subsection (a); and

(ii)in the case of members of the Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, and Space Force, request the Department of Defense to confirm the accuracy and authenticity of the certification or verification.

(B)A response confirming or denying the information shall be provided within five business days.

(d)Employment Preference by Nonappropriated Fund Instrumentalities.— The Secretary of Defense shall take such steps as necessary to provide that members of Army, Navy, Air Force, Marine Corps, or Space Force who are involuntarily separated, and the dependents of such members, shall be provided a preference in hiring by nonappropriated fund instrumentalities of the Department. Such preference shall be administered in the same manner as the preference for military spouses provided under section 1784(a)(2) of this title, except that a preference under that section shall have priority over a preference under this subsection. A person may receive a preference in hiring under this subsection only once. The Secretary of Homeland Security shall provide the same preference in hiring to involuntarily separated members of the Coast Guard, and the dependents of such members, in Coast Guard nonappropriated fund instrumentalities.

(e)Employment Skills Training; Skillbridge.—

(A)The Secretary concerned may carry out one or more programs to provide eligible members of the armed forces under the jurisdiction of the Secretary with job training and employment skills training, including apprenticeship programs, to help prepare such members for employment in the civilian sector. Such a program shall be known as “Skillbridge”.

(B)The Secretary of a military department shall carry out one or more programs under this subsection.

(2)A member of the armed forces is an eligible member for purposes of a program under this subsection if the member—

(A)has completed at least 180 days on active duty in the armed forces; and

(B)is expected to be discharged or released from active duty in the armed forces within 180 days of the date of commencement of participation in such a program.

(3)To carry out this subsection, the Secretary concerned shall—

(A)assign not fewer than two full-time equivalent positions; and

(B)develop for each fiscal year a funding plan that includes funding lines across the future-years defense program under section 221 of this title.

(4)For any program under this subsection, the Secretary concerned shall, on an annual basis—

(A)circulate, to members serving on active duty under the jurisdiction of such Secretary concerned, information about the program (including eligibility requirements and the application process); and

(B)conduct outreach to inform potential employers about Skillbridge, participating members, and how the program operates, and to increase the number of, and types of, employers that hire program participants.

(5)Any program under this subsection may be carried out at, through, or in consultation with such other departments or agencies of the Federal Government as the Secretary concerned considers appropriate.

(6)Any program under this subsection shall be carried out in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary concerned.

(Added Pub. L. 101–510, div. A, title V, § 502(a)(1), Nov. 5, 1990, 104 Stat. 1553; amended Pub. L. 103–337, div. A, title V, § 542(a)(2), Oct. 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 2767; Pub. L. 105–85, div. A, title X, § 1073(a)(21), Nov. 18, 1997, 111 Stat. 1901; Pub. L. 107–296, title XVII, § 1704(b)(1), Nov. 25, 2002, 116 Stat. 2314; Pub. L. 112–81, div. A, title V, § 551, Dec. 31, 2011, 125 Stat. 1412; Pub. L. 112–239, div. A, title X, § 1076(f)(13), Jan. 2, 2013, 126 Stat. 1952; Pub. L. 115–91, div. A, title V, § 542(a)–(c), Dec. 12, 2017, 131 Stat. 1394, 1395;

Pub. L. 116–92, div. A, title V, § 562, Dec. 20, 2019, 133 Stat. 1395; Pub. L. 116–283, div. A, title V, § 572, title IX, § 924(b)(1)(J), (3)(R), Jan. 1, 2021, 134 Stat. 3643, 3820, 3821; Pub. L. 117–263, div. A, title V, § 561(a), Dec. 23, 2022, 136 Stat. 2598; Pub. L. 118–31, div. A, title V, § 572(a), Dec. 22, 2023, 137 Stat. 275; Pub. L. 119–60, div. A, title XVII, § 1701(a)(13), Dec. 18, 2025, 139 Stat. 1208.)

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