§ 31141. Review and preemption of State laws and regulations
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/usc/title-49/section-31141A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.
(a)Preemption After Decision.— A State may not enforce a State law or regulation on commercial motor vehicle safety that the Secretary of Transportation decides under this section may not be enforced.
(b)Submission of Regulation.— A State receiving funds made available under section 31104 that enacts a State law or issues a regulation on commercial motor vehicle safety shall submit a copy of the law or regulation to the Secretary immediately after the enactment or issuance.
(c)Review and Decisions by Secretary.—
(1)Review.— The Secretary shall review State laws and regulations on commercial motor vehicle safety. The Secretary shall decide whether the State law or regulation—
(A)has the same effect as a regulation prescribed by the Secretary under section 31136;
(B)is less stringent than such regulation; or
(C)is additional to or more stringent than such regulation.
(2)Regulations with same effect.— If the Secretary decides a State law or regulation has the same effect as a regulation prescribed by the Secretary under section 31136 of this title, the State law or regulation may be enforced.
(3)Less stringent regulations.— If the Secretary decides a State law or regulation is less stringent than a regulation prescribed by the Secretary under section 31136 of this title, the State law or regulation may not be enforced.
(4)Additional or more stringent regulations.— If the Secretary decides a State law or regulation is additional to or more stringent than a regulation prescribed by the Secretary under section 31136 of this title, the State law or regulation may be enforced unless the Secretary also decides that—
(A)the State law or regulation has no safety benefit;
(B)the State law or regulation is incompatible with the regulation prescribed by the Secretary; or
(C)enforcement of the State law or regulation would cause an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce.
(5)Consideration of effect on interstate commerce.— In deciding under paragraph
(4)whether a State law or regulation will cause an unreasonable burden on interstate commerce, the Secretary may consider the effect on interstate commerce of implementation of that law or regulation with the implementation of all similar laws and regulations of other States.
(d)Waivers.—
(1)A person (including a State) may petition the Secretary for a waiver of a decision of the Secretary that a State law or regulation may not be enforced under this section. The Secretary shall grant the waiver, as expeditiously as possible, if the person demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that the waiver is consistent with the public interest and the safe operation of commercial motor vehicles.
(2)Before deciding whether to grant or deny a petition for a waiver under this subsection, the Secretary shall give the petitioner an opportunity for a hearing on the record.
(e)Written Notice of Decisions.— Not later than 10 days after making a decision under subsection
(c)of this section that a State law or regulation may not be enforced, the Secretary shall give written notice to the State of that decision.
(f)Judicial Review and Venue.—
(1)Not later than 60 days after the Secretary makes a decision under subsection
(c)of this section, or grants or denies a petition for a waiver under subsection
(d)of this section, a person (including a State) adversely affected by the decision, grant, or denial may file a petition for judicial review. The petition may be filed in the court of appeals of the United States for the District of Columbia Circuit or in the court of appeals of the United States for the circuit in which the person resides or has its principal place of business.
(2)The court has jurisdiction to review the decision, grant, or denial and to grant appropriate relief, including interim relief, as provided in chapter 7 of title 5.
(3)A judgment of a court under this subsection may be reviewed only by the Supreme Court under section 1254 of title 28.
(4)The remedies provided for in this subsection are in addition to other remedies provided by law.
(g)Initiating Review Proceedings.— To review a State law or regulation on commercial motor vehicle safety under this section, the Secretary may initiate a regulatory proceeding on the Secretary’s own initiative or on petition of an interested person (including a State).
(Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e), July 5, 1994, 108 Stat. 1008; Pub. L. 105–178, title IV, § 4008(e), June 9, 1998, 112 Stat. 404.)
In this section, language about whether a State law or regulation may be “in effect” is omitted as redundant to language about whether it may be “enforced”. The words “regulatory proceeding” are substituted for “rulemaking proceeding” for consistency in the revised title and because “rule” is synonymous with “regulation”.
In subsection (a), the words “with respect to commercial motor vehicles” are omitted as surplus.
In subsection (b)(1), the words “Not later than 18 months after October 30, 1984, and . . . thereafter” are omitted as obsolete.
In subsection (g)(1), the words “court of appeals of the United States for the District of Columbia Circuit” are substituted for “United States court of appeals for the District of Columbia” to be more precise.
In subsection (g)(2), the words “Upon the filing of a petition under paragraph
(1)of this subsection” are omitted as surplus.
Subsection (g)(3) is substituted for 49 App.:2507(g)(3) for consistency in this part and to eliminate unnecessary words.
In subsection (h), the text of 49 App.:2507(h) and the words “After the last day of the 48-month period beginning on October 30, 1984” are omitted as obsolete.
Connections157 cite this · traces to 2
Cited by 157 sections · top 32
register
- Proposed RulesFinal rule
- NoticesNotice of petitions for waiver of preemption determinations; request for comments
- Proposed RulesFinal rule
- NoticesNotice of petition for determination of preemption; request for comments
- Rules and RegulationsNotice of petition for determination of preemption; request for comments
- NoticesNotice of petition for determination of preemption; reopening of the comment period
- NoticesNotice of proposed rulemaking
- NoticesNotice of waiver provision
- Proposed RulesNotice of proposed rulemaking; request for comments
- NoticesOrder; Grant of Petition for Determination of Preemption
- NoticesDismissal of petition for reconsideration of an administrative determination of preemption
- Rules and RegulationsFinal rule
- Proposed RulesNotice of proposed rulemaking
- NoticesFinal rule
- NoticesNotice of petition for determination of preemption; request for comments
- NoticesFinal rule
- NoticesAdvance Notice of Rulemaking
- Rules and RegulationsOrder; grant of petition for determination of preemption
- NoticesDecision on petitions for reconsideration of administrative determinations of preemption
- Presidential DocumentsFinal rule
- NoticesNotice of petition for determination of preemption; request for comments
- NoticesDecision on petition for reconsideration of administrative determination of preemption
- NoticesNotice of petition for determination of preemption; request for comments
- NoticesNotice of petition for determination of preemption; request for comments
- Rules and RegulationsOrder; grant of petition for determination of preemption
- Proposed RulesFinal rule
- NoticesOrder; grant of petition for determination of preemption
Traces to 2 documents
6 references not yet in our index
- Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e)
- 108 Stat. 1008
- Pub. L. 105–178, title IV, § 4008(e)
- 112 Stat. 404
- Pub. L. 105–178, § 4008(e)(1)
- Pub. L. 105–178, § 4008(e)(2)
Citation graph
cites case law
§ 31141
Review and preemption of State laws and regulations
Fed. Reg.×152
Bills×5
Pub. L.Pub. L. 103–272, § 1(e)
Stat.108 Stat. 1008
Pub. L.Pub. L. 105–178, title IV, § 4008(e)
Stat.112 Stat. 404
Pub. L.Pub. L. 105–178, § 4008(e)(1)
Cites 8 · showing 7Cited by 157 across 2 sources