§ 451. Definitions
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/usc/title-28/section-451A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.
As used in this title:
The term “court of the United States” includes the Supreme Court of the United States, courts of appeals, district courts constituted by chapter 5 of this title, including the Court of International Trade and any court created by Act of Congress the judges of which are entitled to hold office during good behavior.
The terms “district court” and “district court of the United States” mean the courts constituted by chapter 5 of this title.
The term “judge of the United States” includes judges of the courts of appeals, district courts, Court of International Trade and any court created by Act of Congress, the judges of which are entitled to hold office during good behavior.
The term “justice of the United States” includes the Chief Justice of the United States and the associate justices of the Supreme Court.
The terms “district” and “judicial district” means the districts enumerated in Chapter 5 of this title.
The term “department” means one of the executive departments enumerated in section 1 of Title 5, unless the context shows that such term was intended to describe the executive, legislative, or judicial branches of the government.
The term “agency” includes any department, independent establishment, commission, administration, authority, board or bureau of the United States or any corporation in which the United States has a proprietary interest, unless the context shows that such term was intended to be used in a more limited sense.
(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 907; Pub. L. 86–3, § 10, Mar. 18, 1959, 73 Stat. 9; Pub. L. 89–571, § 3, Sept. 12, 1966, 80 Stat. 764; Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 213, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2661; Pub. L. 96–417, title V, § 501(10), Oct. 10, 1980, 94 Stat. 1742; Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 114, Apr. 2, 1982, 96 Stat. 29.)
Historical and Revisions Notes
This section was inserted to make possible a greater simplification in consolidation of the provisions incorporated in this title.
The definitions of agency and department conform with such definitions in section 6 of revised title 18, U.S.C. (H.R. 3190, 80th Cong.).
Senate Revision Amendment
Those provisions of this section which related to the Tax Court were eliminated by Senate amendment. See 80th Congress Senate Report No. 1559.
Connections53 cite this · traces to 6
Cited by 53 sections · top 43
U.S. Code
- § 8331Definitions
- § 231fRailroad Retirement Board
- § 376Annuities for survivors of certain judicial officials of the United States
- § 1821Per diem and mileage generally; subsistence
- § 8332Creditable service
- § 1408DEFINITIONS.
- § 2410Actions affecting property on which United States has lien
- § 451Definitions
- § 31301Definitions
- § 8344Annuities and pay on reemployment
- § 1291Final decisions of district courts
- § 371Retirement on salary; retirement in senior status
- § 1292Interlocutory decisions
- § 8342Lump-sum benefits; designation of beneficiary; order of precedence
- § 1345United States as plaintiff
- § 351Congressional, Cabinet, and Supreme Court assassination, kidnapping, and assault; penalties
- § 456Traveling expenses of justices and judges; official duty stations
- § 460Application to other courts
- § 373Judges in territories and possessions
- § 8468Annuities and pay on reemployment
- § 8440aJustices and judges
- § 753Reporters
- § 411Supreme Court reports; printing, binding, and distribution
- § 4107Verification of consent of offender to transfer from the United States
- § 4108Verification of consent of offender to transfer to the United States
- § 1927Counsel’s liability for excessive costs
- § 453Oaths of justices and judges
- § 7470Administration
- § 5537Fees for jury and witness service
- § 4503Jury and witness service by Senate and House employees
- § 1294Circuits in which decisions reviewable
- § 2001IMPROVEMENT OF INTELLIGENCE CAPABILITIES OF THE FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION.
- § 2347Petitions to review; proceedings
- § 2403Intervention by United States or a State; constitutional question
- § 7287Administration
- § 1735Court record lost or destroyed where United States interested
- § 958Persons ineligible as receivers
- § 2351Enforcement of orders by district courts
statutes-at-large
- Public Law 94–554To amend section 376 of title 28, United States Code, in order to reform and update the existing program for annuities to survivors of Federal Justices and judges
- Public Law 99–396To amend the Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands, to amend the Covenant to Establish a Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, to amend the Organic Act of Guam, to provide for the governance of the insular areas of the United States, and for other purposes
- Public Law 96–504To amend chapter 83 of title 5, United States Code, to discontinue civil service annuity payments for periods of employment as a justice or judge of the United States, and for other purposes
- Public Law 105–276Making appropriations for the Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and for sundry independent agencies, boards, commissions, corporations, and offices for the fiscal year ending September 30, 1999, and for other purposes
- Public Law 97–285To amend sections 351 and 1751 of title 18 of the United States Code to provide penalties for crimes against Cabinet officers
32 references not yet in our index
- June 25, 1948, ch. 646
- 62 Stat. 907
- Pub. L. 86–3, § 10
- 73 Stat. 9
- Pub. L. 89–571, § 3
- 80 Stat. 764
- Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 213
- 92 Stat. 2661
- Pub. L. 96–417, title V, § 501(10)
- 94 Stat. 1742
- Pub. L. 97–164, title I, § 114
- 96 Stat. 29
- Pub. L. 97–164
- Pub. L. 96–417
- Pub. L. 95–598
- section 402(b) of Pub. L. 95–598
- Pub. L. 89–571
- Pub. L. 86–3
- section 402 of Pub. L. 97–164
- section 701(a) of Pub. L. 96–417
- section 10 of Pub. L. 86–3
- 73 Stat. 4
- Act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 32
- 62 Stat. 991
- act May 24, 1949, ch. 139, § 127
- 63 Stat. 107
- Act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 2(a)
- 62 Stat. 985
- act Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1263, § 51(a)
- 68 Stat. 1245
- Act Sept. 3, 1954, ch. 1263, § 51(b)
- 68 Stat. 1246
Citation graph
cites case law
§ 451
Definitions
U.S.C.×48
Stat.×5
ActJune 25, 1948, ch. 646
Stat.62 Stat. 907
Pub. L.Pub. L. 86–3, § 10
Stat.73 Stat. 9
Pub. L.Pub. L. 89–571, § 3
Cites 38 · showing 11Cited by 53 across 2 sources