§ 251. Appointment and number of judges; offices
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(a)The President shall appoint, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, nine judges who shall constitute a court of record to be known as the United States Court of International Trade. Not more than five of such judges shall be from the same political party. The court is a court established under article III of the Constitution of the United States.
(b)The offices of the Court of International Trade shall be located in New York, New York.
(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 899; July 14, 1956, ch. 589, § 1, 70 Stat. 532; Pub. L. 96–417, title I, § 101, Oct. 10, 1980, 94 Stat. 1727; Pub. L. 104–317, title V, § 501(b)(1), Oct. 19, 1996, 110 Stat. 3856.)
Historical and Revision Notes
Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 296 (Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 187(a), as added Oct. 10, 1940, ch. 843, § 1, 54 Stat. 1101).
This section contains only a part of section 296 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed. Other provisions of such section are incorporated in sections 252, 253, 254, 455, 1581, 2071, 2639, and 2640 of this title.
The provision that vacancies should be filled by appointment of the President and confirmed by the Senate was omitted as unnecessary in view of the language of the revised section.
Words “a court of record known as” were added. (See Reviser’s Note under section 171 of this title.)
The term “chief judge” was substituted for “presiding judge.” (See reviser’s note under section 136 of this title.)
The provisions of such section 296 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., relating to assignment and powers of retired judges were omitted as covered by sections 294 and 296 of this title.
Changes in phraseology were made.
Connections69 cite this · traces to 10
Cited by 69 sections · top 60
U.S. Code
- § 1337Unfair practices in import trade
- § 1514Protest against decisions of Customs Service
- § 1641Customs brokers
- § 1592Penalties for fraud, gross negligence, and negligence
- § 1516aJudicial review in countervailing duty and antidumping duty proceedings
- § 1516Petitions by domestic interested parties
- § 1491Claims against United States generally; actions involving Tennessee Valley Authority
- § 451Definitions
- § 6001Definitions
- § 1515Review of protests
- § 2395Judicial review
- § 7443Membership
- § 1581Civil actions against the United States and agencies and officers thereof
- § 1305Immoral articles; importation prohibited
- § 906Congressional Record: gratuitous copies; delivery
- § 610Courts defined
- § 1502Regulations for appraisement and classification
- § 372Retirement for disability; substitute judge on failure to retire
- § 831bOfficers and employees; wages of laborers and mechanics; application of employees’ compensation provisions
- § 2414Payment of judgments and compromise settlements
- § 751Clerks
- § 456Traveling expenses of justices and judges; official duty stations
- § 518Conduct and argument of cases
- § 2632Commencement of a civil action
- § 1582Civil actions commenced by the United States
- § 1503Dutiable value
- § 1337Commerce and antitrust regulations; amount in controversy, costs
- § 1355Fine, penalty or forfeiture
- § 1604Seizure; prosecution 11 See Codification note below.
- § 293Judges of the Court of International Trade
- § 2636Time for commencement of action
- § 1340Internal revenue; customs duties
- § 2639Burden of proof; evidence of value
- § 871Clerk, chief deputy clerk, assistant clerk, deputies, assistants, and other employees
- § 292District judges
- § 1528Taxes not to be construed as duties
- § 2637Exhaustion of administrative remedies
- § 257Publication of decisions
- § 405aRepealed. Pub. L. 96–417, title VI, § 603, Oct. 10, 1980, 94 Stat. 1744
- § 1919Dismissal for lack of jurisdiction
- § 2643Relief
- § 2631Persons entitled to commence a civil action
- § 79lEmployment of personnel for rehabilitation, protection, and improvements of additional lands
- § 1583Counterclaims, cross-claims, and third-party actions
- § 253Duties of chief judge
- § 2635Filing of official documents
- § 605Budget estimates
- § 872Criers, bailiffs, and messengers
- § 295Conditions upon designation and assignment
- § 2644Interest
- § 1876Trial by jury in the Court of International Trade
- § 254Single-judge trials
- § 1862Discrimination prohibited
- § 1356Seizures not within admiralty and maritime jurisdiction
- § 2640Scope and standard of review
- § 255Three-judge trials
- § 252Tenure and salaries of judges
- § 1352Bonds executed under federal law
statutes-at-large
- Public Law 96–542To clarify certain effective date provisions of the Customs Courts Act of 1980
- Public Law 96–417To improve the Federal judicial machinery by clarifying and revising certain provisions of title 28, United States Code, relating to the judiciary and judicial review of international trade matters, and for other purposes
Traces to 10 documents
U.S. Code
- Powers upon designation and assignment§ 296
- Appointment and number of judges; character of court; designation of chief judge§ 171
- Chief judges; precedence of district judges§ 136
- Number of justices; quorum§ 1
- Unfair practices in import trade§ 1337
- Judicial review§ 2395
- Penalties for fraud, gross negligence, and negligence§ 1592
- Judicial review in countervailing duty and antidumping duty proceedings§ 1516a
- Judges of the Court of International Trade§ 293
- Creation; short title§ 831
29 references not yet in our index
- June 25, 1948, ch. 646
- 62 Stat. 899
- July 14, 1956, ch. 589, § 1
- 70 Stat. 532
- Pub. L. 96–417, title I, § 101
- 94 Stat. 1727
- Pub. L. 104–317, title V, § 501(b)(1)
- 110 Stat. 3856
- Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 187(a)
- Oct. 10, 1940, ch. 843, § 1
- 54 Stat. 1101
- Pub. L. 104–317
- Pub. L. 96–417
- Pub. L. 96–417, title VII, § 701
- 94 Stat. 1747
- Pub. L. 96–542, § 1
- 94 Stat. 3209
- section 1 of Pub. L. 96–417
- section 701 of Pub. L. 96–417
- Pub. L. 96–542
- section 3 of Pub. L. 96–542
- Pub. L. 96–417, title VII, § 702
- 94 Stat. 1748
- Pub. L. 96–417, title VII, § 703
- Pub. L. 96–417, title VII, § 704
- Pub. L. 96–417, title VII, § 705
- Act July 14, 1956, ch. 589, § 4
- Act June 25, 1948, ch. 646, § 2(b)
- 62 Stat. 985
Citation graph
cites case law
§ 251
Appointment and number of judges; offices
U.S.C.×62
Stat.×7
ActJune 25, 1948, ch. 646
Stat.62 Stat. 899
ActJuly 14, 1956, ch. 589, § 1
Cites 39 · showing 12Cited by 69 across 2 sources