Sec. 1090. Establishment of Multilateral Artificial Intelligence Working Group
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Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Defense shall establish a working group, which shall be known as the Multilateral Artificial Intelligence Working Group , to develop and coordinate an artificial intelligence initiative among the allies and partners of the United States. The Secretary shall designate a senior civilian officer of the Department of Defense or senior military officer with experience leading relevant efforts, as determined by the Secretary, to serve as the head of the Working Group.
The Secretary shall determine which allies and partners of the United States shall be asked to participate as member countries in the Working Group. The responsibilities of the Working Group shall be to develop and coordinate efforts to implement an artificial intelligence initiative between the Department of Defense and allies and partners of the United States, including by— comparing— the various artificial intelligence systems and the elements thereof (including machine learning and generative artificial intelligence such as large language models) used for covered operational uses by members countries; and the respective practices associated with the employment of such systems for covered operational uses by members countries; identifying (including by experimenting, testing, and evaluating) potential solutions to advance and accelerate the interoperability of artificial intelligence systems used for intelligence sharing, battlespace awareness, and other covered operational uses; testing and evaluating the effects of artificial intelligence model redundancy, including the risks and safety measures associated with operating multiple artificial intelligence systems, including in tandem with one another; developing a shared strategy for the research, development, test, evaluation, and employment of artificial intelligence systems for covered operational uses carried out jointly by the member countries; developing a shared strategy for— managing data-informed artificial intelligence systems; and testing and evaluating artificial intelligence systems with combined data sets at the unclassified and classified levels; testing and evaluating the capabilities of the defense industrial base of the member countries to incorporate artificial intelligence systems into systems used for covered operational uses; comparing and using ethical frameworks to accelerate technological advancements with respect to artificial intelligence systems; expanding innovation efforts by the member countries and share among such countries best practices for the accelerated procurement and adoption of artificial intelligence technologies for covered operational uses; leveraging commercially available artificial intelligence technologies to advance near-term jointness between the armed forces of the member countries; jointly identifying and sourcing artificial intelligence systems, as practicable, and advising member countries with respect to export controls applicable to such systems; and carrying out such other activities as the Secretary determines to be relevant to such responsibilities.
The Secretary shall seek to ensure that any knowledge or technical data produced by a member country under any cooperative project carried out by the Working Group shall be controlled by that country under the export control laws and regulations of that country and shall not be subject to the jurisdiction or control of any other member country. Not later than 60 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense committees a plan for the establishment and activities of the Working Group.
The plan under subparagraph
(A)shall include— a plan for the establishment of the Working Group; a description of any funding requirements or administrative support necessary to carry out this section; a description of any additional statutory authorities necessary to carry out this section; a plan for the fulfilment of responsibilities under subsection
(c)by the Working Group; an evaluation of existing multilateral artificial intelligence efforts; a plan for the integration of the artificial intelligence initiative developed and coordinated by the Working Group with other programs and initiatives of the elements of the Department of Defense with responsibilities relating to mutual security and artificial intelligence efforts among the member countries; performance indicators by which the activities of the Working Group will be assessed; and a description of how efforts of the commanders of the combatant commands relating to military interoperability and test and evaluation of artificial intelligence systems will be tasked and executed by and through the Working Group. Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, and on a semiannual basis thereafter until the date of termination under subsection (f), the Secretary shall submit to the congressional defense committees a report on the activities and milestones of the Working Group. Each such report shall include, with respect to the period covered by the report— an assessment of the activities of the Working Group based on the performance indicators set forth in the plan under paragraph (1)(B)(vii); and a description of any efforts of the commanders of the combatant commands taken in support of the responsibilities of the Working Group. Except as provided in paragraph (2), the Working Group shall terminate on September 30, 2028. The Secretary may extend the termination date under paragraph
(1)if the Secretary determines such extension to be in the national security interests of the United States. In this section: The term battlespace awareness has the meaning given that term in the Joint Publication 1–02 of the Department of Defense, titled Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated Terms , or successor publication. The term covered operational use means use by a government for operations in a defense context. The term member country means a member country of the Working Group.