§ 2107. Time for appeal to court of appeals

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(a)Except as otherwise provided in this section, no appeal shall bring any judgment, order or decree in an action, suit or proceeding of a civil nature before a court of appeals for review unless notice of appeal is filed, within thirty days after the entry of such judgment, order or decree.

(b)In any such action, suit, or proceeding, the time as to all parties shall be 60 days from such entry if one of the parties is—

(1)the United States;

(2)a United States agency;

(3)a United States officer or employee sued in an official capacity; or

(4)a current or former United States officer or employee sued in an individual capacity for an act or omission occurring in connection with duties performed on behalf of the United States, including all instances in which the United States represents that officer or employee when the judgment, order, or decree is entered or files the appeal for that officer or employee.

(c)The district court may, upon motion filed not later than 30 days after the expiration of the time otherwise set for bringing appeal, extend the time for appeal upon a showing of excusable neglect or good cause. In addition, if the district court finds—

(1)that a party entitled to notice of the entry of a judgment or order did not receive such notice from the clerk or any party within 21 days of its entry, and

(2)that no party would be prejudiced,

the district court may, upon motion filed within 180 days after entry of the judgment or order or within 14 days after receipt of such notice, whichever is earlier, reopen the time for appeal for a period of 14 days from the date of entry of the order reopening the time for appeal.

(d)This section shall not apply to bankruptcy matters or other proceedings under Title 11.

(June 25, 1948, ch. 646, 62 Stat. 963; May 24, 1949, ch. 139, §§ 107, 108, 63 Stat. 104; Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 248, Nov. 6, 1978, 92 Stat. 2672; Pub. L. 102–198, § 12, Dec. 9, 1991, 105 Stat. 1627; Pub. L. 111–16, § 6(3), May 7, 2009, 123 Stat. 1608; Pub. L. 112–62, § 3, Nov. 29, 2011, 125 Stat. 757.)

Historical and Revision Notes

1948 Act

Based on title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., §§ 227a, 230, and section 1142 of title 26, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Internal Revenue Code (Mar. 3, 1891, ch. 517, § 11, 26 Stat. 829; Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 129, 36 Stat. 1134; Feb. 13, 1925, ch. 229, § 8(c), 43 Stat. 940; Feb. 28, 1927, ch. 228, 44 Stat. 1261; Jan. 31, 1928, ch. 14, § 1, 45 Stat. 54; Feb. 10, 1939, ch. 2, § 1142, 53 Stat. 165; Oct. 21, 1942, ch. 619, title V, § 504(a), (c), 56 Stat. 957).

Section consolidates sections 227a and 230 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., with section 1142 of title 26, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Internal Revenue Code. Other provisions of such section 227a are incorporated in section 1292 of this title.

Section 227a of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., provided a time limit of 30 days for appeals from patent-infringement decisions, and section 230 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., permitted 3 months for appeals generally. The revised section adopts the 30-day limit in conformity with recommendations of members of the Judicial Conference of the United States and proposed amendment to Rule 73 of the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

Section 1142 of title 26, U.S.C., 1940 ed., provided for 3 months within which to petition for appeal from a decision of The Tax Court. The second paragraph of the revised section reduces this to 60 days for reasons explained above. Other provisions of said section 1142 making a distinction between decisions before and after June 6, 1932, were omitted as executed.

Words “in an action, suit, or proceeding of a civil nature” were added in view of Rule 37 of the Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure prescribing a different limitation for criminal appeals.

Words “notice of appeal is filed” were substituted for provisions of sections 230 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed., and 1142 of title 26, U.S.C., 1940 ed., for petition and allowance of appeal in order to eliminate the useless paper work involved in a pro forma application for appeal and perfunctory allowance of the same. The effect of the section is to require appeals to the courts of appeals in all cases to be taken by filing notice of appeal. See Rule 73(b) of Federal Rules of Civil Procedure.

The case of Mosier v. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, C.C.A. 1942, 132 F.2d 710, holds that the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure changing the method of “taking” an appeal, do not affect the time limitation prescribed by section 230 of title 28, U.S.C., 1940 ed.

Word “order” was added, in two places, after “judgment” so as to make the section cover all appeals of which the courts of appeals have jurisdiction, as set forth in section 1291 et seq. of this title.

The last paragraph was added in conformity with section 48 of title 11, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Bankruptcy, and other sections of that title regulating appellate procedure in bankruptcy matters.

The third paragraph was inserted to conform to the existing practice in Admiralty upon the recommendation of the Committee on the Federal Courts of the New York County Lawyers Association.

The time for appeal to the Court of Customs and Patent Appeals in patent and trade-mark cases is governed by section 89 of title 15, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Commerce and Trade, and section 60 of title 35, U.S.C., 1940 ed., Patents, and Rule 25 of the Rules of such court, and, in customs cases, by section 2601 of this title.

Changes were made in phraseology.

Senate Revision Amendment

By Senate amendment, all provisions relating to the Tax Court were eliminated. Therefore, section 1142 of title 26, U.S.C., Internal Revenue Code, was not one of the sources of this section as finally enacted. However, no change in the text of this section was necessary. See 80th Congress Senate Report No. 1559.

1949 Act

This amendment to section 2107 of title 28, U.S.C., restores the former 15-day limitation of time within which to appeal from an interlocutory order in admiralty.

This amendment eliminates as surplusage the words “in any such action, suit or proceeding,” from the fourth paragraph of section 2107 of title 28, U.S.C., and corrects a typographical error in the same paragraph.

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June 25, 1948, ch. 646
62 Stat. 963
May 24, 1949, ch. 139
63 Stat. 104
Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 248
92 Stat. 2672
Pub. L. 102–198, § 12
105 Stat. 1627
Pub. L. 111–16, § 6(3)
123 Stat. 1608
Pub. L. 112–62, § 3
125 Stat. 757
section 1142 of title 26
Mar. 3, 1891, ch. 517, § 11
26 Stat. 829
Mar. 3, 1911, ch. 231, § 129
36 Stat. 1134
Feb. 13, 1925, ch. 229, § 8(c)
43 Stat. 940
Feb. 28, 1927, ch. 228
44 Stat. 1261
Jan. 31, 1928, ch. 14, § 1
45 Stat. 54
Feb. 10, 1939, ch. 2, § 1142
53 Stat. 165
Oct. 21, 1942, ch. 619
56 Stat. 957
Section 227a of title 28
section 230 of title 28
Section 1142 of title 26
section 48 of title 11
section 89 of title 15
section 60 of title 35
section 2601 of this title
Pub. L. 112–62
Pub. L. 111–16
Pub. L. 102–198
Pub. L. 95–598
section 402(b) of Pub. L. 95–598
Pub. L. 112–62, § 4

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§ 2107

Time for appeal to court of appeals

U.S.C.×8

Stat. Comp.×2

ActJune 25, 1948, ch. 646

Stat.62 Stat. 963

ActMay 24, 1949, ch. 139

Stat.63 Stat. 104

Pub. L.Pub. L. 95–598, title II, § 248

Cites 47 · showing 9Cited by 10 across 2 sources