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Code · STATUTES-AT-LARGE · Vol. 7 STAT. · June 26, 1794 · Treaty

Treaty.

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7 Stat. 43 TREATY WITH THE CHEROKEE INDIANS. June 26, 1794.Proclamation, Jan. 21, 1795. Whereas the treaty made and concluded on Holston river, on the second day of July, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, betweenAnte, p. 39. the United States of America and the Cherokee nation of Indians, has not been fully carried into execution by reason of some misunderstandings which have arisen: ARTICLE I. And whereas the undersigned Henry Knox, Secretary for the departmentTreaty of Holston binding. of War, being authorised thereto by the President of the United States, in behalf of the said United States, and the undersigned Chiefs and Warriors, in their own names, and in behalf of the whole Cherokee nation, are desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the said parties in a permanent manner, Do hereby declare, that the said treaty of Holston is, to all intents and purposes, in full force and binding upon the said parties, as well in respect to the boundaries therein mentioned as in all other respects whatever.
ARTICLE II. It is hereby stipulated that the boundaries mentioned in the fourthBoundaries to be marked. article of the said treaty, shall be actually ascertained and marked in the manner prescribed by the said article, whenever the Cherokee nation shall have ninety days notice of the time and place at which the commissioners of the United States intend to commence their operation. ARTICLE III. The United States, to evince their justice by amply compensating theAnnual allowance of goods. said Cherooke nation of Indians for all relinquishments of land made either by the treaty of Hopewell upon the Keowee river, concluded on the twenty-eighth of November, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-five, or the aforesaid treaty made upon Holston river, on the second of July, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, do hereby stipulate, in lieu of ah former sums to be paid annually to furnish the Cherokee Indians with goods suitable for their use, to the amount of five thousand dollars yearly. 44 TREATY WITH THE SIX NATIONS. 1794.
ARTICLE IV. For every horse stolen, a sum to bo deducted from the annuity.And the said Cherokee nation, in order to evince the sincerity of their intentions in future, to prevent the practice of stealing horses, attended with the most pernicious consequences to the lives and peace of both parties, do hereby agree, that for every horse which shall be stolen from the white inhabitants by any Cherokee Indians, and not returned within three months, that the sum of fifty dollars shall be deducted from the said annuity of five thousand dollars.
ARTICLE V. These articles in addition to the treaty of Holston.The articles now stipulated will be considered as permanent additions to the treaty of Holston, as soon as they shall have been ratified by the President of the United States and the Senate of the United States. In witness of all and every thing herein determined between the United States of America and the whole Cherokee nation, the parties have hereunto set their hands and seals in the City of Philadelphia, within the United States, this twenty-sixth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four.
H. KNOX, Secretary of War. Tekakisskee, or Taken out of tho Water. Nontuaka, or the Northward. Cinasaw, or the Cabin. Skyuka. Chuquilatague, or Double Head. John M’Cleemore. Walalue, or the Humming Bird. Chuleowee. Ustanaqua. Kullusathee. Siteaha. Kcenagona, or the Lying Fawn. Chatakaelesa, or the Fowl Carrier. done in the presence of John Thompson, Arthur Coodey, Interpreters. Cantwell Jones, of Delaware. William Walford, of the State of Georgia. Wm. M’Caleb, of South Carolina.
Samuel Lewis, of Philadelphia. To the Indian titles are subjoined a mark and seal. November 11, 1794 Treaty 7 Stat. 44 A TREATY Nov. 11, 1794.Proclamation, Jan. 21, 1795.*Between the United States of America, and the Tribes of Indians called the Six Nations.* The President of the United States having determined to hold a conference with the Six Nations of Indians, for the purpose of removing from their minds nil causes of complaint, and establishing a firm and permanent friendship with them ; and Timothy Pickering being appointed sole agent for that purpose ; and the agent having met and conferred with the Sachems, Chiefs and Warriors of the Six Nations, in a general council:
Now, in order to accomplish the good design of this conference, the parties have agreed on the following articles ; which, when ratified by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, shall be binding on them and the Six Nations. ARTICLE I. Peace and friendship perpetunl.Peace and friendship are hereby firmly established, and shall be perpetual, between the United States and the Six Nations. 45 ARTICLE II. The United States acknowledge the lands reserved to the Oneida,Certain lands secured to Indians.
Onondaga and Cayuga Nations, in their respective treaties with the state of New-York, and called their reservations, to be their property; and the United States will never claim the same, nor disturb them or either of the Six Nations, nor their Indian friends residing thereon and united with them, in the free use and enjoyment thereof : but the said reservations shall remain theirs, until they choose to sell the same to the people of the United States, who have the right to purchase, ARTICLE III.
The land of the Seneka nation is bounded as follows: Beginning onBoundary of lands belonging to the Seneka nation. Lake Ontario, at the north-west corner of the land they sold to Oliver Phelps, the line runs westerly along the lake, as far as O-yōng-wong-yeh Creek, at Johnson’s Landing-place, about four miles eastward from the fort of Niagara; then southerly up that creek to its main fork, then straight to the main fork of Stedman’s creek, which empties into the river Niagara, above fort Schlosser, and then onward, from that fork, continuing the same straight course, to that river;
(this line, from the mouth of O-yōng-wong-yeh Creek to the river Niagara, above fort Schlosser, being the eastern boundary of a strip of land, extending from the same line to Niagara river, which the Seneka nation ceded to the King of Great-Britain, at a treaty held about thirty years ago, with Sir William Johnson ;) then the line runs along the river Niagara to Lake Erie ; then along Lake Erie to the north-east corner of a triangular piece of land which the United States conveyed to the state of Pennsylvania, as by the President’s patent, dated the third day of March, 1792 ; then due south to the northern boundary of that state; then due east to the south-west corner of the land sold by the Seneka nation to Oliver Phelps; and then north and northerly, along Phelps’s line, to the place of beginning on Lake Ontario.
Now, the United States acknowledge all the land within the aforementioned boundaries, to be the property of the Seneka nation ; and the United States will never claim the same, nor disturb the Seneka nation, nor any of the Six Nations, or of their Indian friends residing thereon and united with them, in the free use and enjoyment thereof : but it shall remain theirs, until they choose , to sell the same to the people of the United States, who have the right to purchase. ARTICLE IV.
The United States having thus described and acknowledged whatSix Nations never to claim other lands in the U. S. lands belong to the Oneidas, Onondagas, Cayugas and Senekas, and engaged never to claim the same, nor to disturb them, or any of the Six Nations, or their Indian friends residing thereon and united with them, in the free use and enjoyment thereof : Now, the Six Nations, and each of them, hereby engage that they will never claim any other lands within the boundaries of the United States; nor ever disturb the people of the United States in the free use and enjoyment thereof.
ARTICLE V. The Seneka nation, ail others of the Six Nations concurring, cedeRight to make and use a road granted. to the United States the right of making a waggon road from Fort Schlosser to Lake Erie, as far south as Buffaloe Creek ; and the people of the United States shall have the free and undisturbed use of this road, for the purposes of travelling and transportation. And the Six Nations, and each of them, will forever allow to the people of the United States, a free passage through their lands, and the free use of the harbours and rivers adjoining and within their respective tracts of land,46 for the passing and securing of vessels and boats, and liberty to land their cargoes where necessary for their safety.
ARTICLE VI. Present and annuity.In consideration of the peace and friendship hereby established, and of the engagements entered into by the Six Nations ; and because the United States desire, with humanity and kindness, to contribute to their comfortable support ; and to render the peace and friendship hereby established, strong and perpetual ; the United States now deliver to the Six Nations, and the Indians of the other nations residing among and united with them, a quantity of goods of the value of ten thousand dollars.
And for the same considerations, and with a view to promote the future welfare of the Six Nations, and of their Indian friends aforesaid, the United States will add the sum of three thousand dollars to the one thousand five hundred dollars, heretofore allowed them by an article ratified by the President, on the twenty-third day of April, 1792 ; making in the whole, four thousand five hundred dollars; which shall be expended yearly forever, in purchasing cloathing, domestic animals, implements of husbandry, and other utensils suited to their circumstances, and in compensating useful artificers, who shall reside with or near them, and be employed for their benefit.
The immediate application of the whole annual allowance now stipulated, to be made by the superintendant appointed by the President for the affairs of the Six Nations, and their Indian friends aforesaid. ARTICLE VII. Retaliation restrained.Lost the firm peace and friendship now established should be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, the United States and Six Nations agree, that for injuries done by individuals on either side, no private revenge or retaliation shall take place; but, instead thereof, complaint shall be made by the party injured, to the other :
By the Six Nations or any of them, to the President of the United States, or the Superintendant by him appointed : and by the Superintendant, or other person appointed by the President, to the principal chiefs of the Six Nations, or of the nation to which the offender belongs : and such prudent measures shall then be pursued as shall be necessary to preserve our peace and friendship unbroken ; until the legislature (or great council) of the United States shall make other equitable provision for the purpose.
Note. It is clearly understood by the parties to this treaty, that the annuity stipulated in the sixth article, is to be applied to the benefit of such of the Six Nations and of their Indian friends united with them as aforesaid, as do or shall reside within the boundaries of the United States : For the United States do not interfere with nations, tribes or families, of Indians elsewhere resident. In Witness whereof, the said Timothy Pickering, and the Sachems and War-chiefs of the said Six Nations, have hereto set their hands and seals. *Done at Kon-on-daigua, in the state of New York, the eleventh day of November, in the Year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four.* TIMOTHY PICKERING.
O-no-ye-ah-nee, Kon-ne-at-or-lee-ooh, or Handsome Lake. Te-kenh-you-hau, alias Capt Key. O-nes-hau-ee, Hendrick Aupaumut, David Neesoonhuk, Kanatsoyh, alias Nicholas Kusik, Soh-hon-te-o-quent, Oo-duht-sa-it, TREATY WITH THE ONEIDAS, ETC. 1794. 47 Ko-nooh-qung, Tos-song-gau-lo-lus, John Sken-en-do-a, O-ne-at-or-lee-ooh, Kus-sau-wa-tau, E-yoo-ten-yoo-tau-ook, Kohn-ye-au-gong, alias Jake Stroud. Sha-gui-e-sa, Teer-oos, alias Capt. Prantup. Soos-ha-oo-wau, Henry Young Brant, Sonh-yoo-wau-na, or Big Sky.
O-na-ah-hah, Hot-osh-a-henh, Kau-kon-da-nai-ya, Non-di-yau-ka, Kos-sish-to-wau, Oo-jau-geht-a, or Fish Carrier. To-he-ong-go, Oot-a-guas-so, Joo-non-dau-wa-onh, Ki-yau-ha-onh, Oo-tau-je-au-genh, or Broken Axe. Tau-hu-on-dos, or Open the Way. Twau-ke-wash-a, Se-qui-dong-quee, alias Little Beard. Kod-je-ote, or Half Town. Ken-jau-au-gus, or Stinking Fish. Soo-noh-quau-kau, Twen-ni-ya-na, Jish-kaa-ga, or Green Grasshopper, alias Little Billy. Tug-geh-shot-ta, Teh-ong-ya-gau-na, Teh-ong-yoo-wush, Kon-ne-yoo-we-sot, Ti-ooh-quot-ta-kau-na, or Woods on Fire.
Ta-oun-dau-deesh, Ho-na-ya-wus, alias Farmer’s Brother. Sog-goo-ya-waut-hau, alias Red Jacket. Kon-yoo-ti-a-yoo, Sauh-ta-ka-ong-yees, (or Two Skies of a length.) Ouu-na-shatta-kau, Ka-ung-ya-neh-quee, Soo-a-yoo-wau, Kau-je-a-ga-onh, or Heap of Dogs. Soo-nooh-shoo-wau, T-ha-oo-wau-ni-as, Soo-nong-joo-wau, Kiant-whau-ka, alias Complanter. Kau-neh-shong-goo. Witnesses:—Israel Chapin, James Smedley, Augustus Porter, Wm. Ewing, Wm. Shephard, jun. John Wickham, James K. Garnsey, Israel Chapin, jun.
Interpreters, Horatia Jones, Joseph Smith, Jasper Parish. Henry Abeele. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. December 2, 1794 Treaty 7 Stat. 47 A TREATY *Between the United States and the Oneida, Tuscarora, and StockbridgeDec. 2, 1794.Proclamation, Jan. 31, 1795. Indians, dwelling in the Country of the Oneidas.* Whereas, in the late war between Great-Britain and the United States of America, a body of the Oneida and Tuscorora and the Stock-bridge Indians, adhered faithfully to the United States, and assisted them with their warriors ; and in consequence of this adherence and assistance, the Oneidas and Tuscororas, at an unfortunate period of the war, were driven from their homes, and their houses were burnt and their property destroyed :
And as the United States in the time of their distress, acknowledged their obligations to these faithful friends, and promised to reward them : and the United States being now in a condition to fulfil the promises then made : the following articles are stipulated by the respective parties for that purpose ; to be in force when ratified by the President and Senate. ARTICLE I. The United States will pay the sum of five thousand dollars, to be$5000 to be distributed for past losses and services. distributed among individuals of the Oneida and Tuscorora nations, as a compensation for their individual losses and services during the late war between Great-Britain and the United States.
The only man of the Kaughnawaugas now remaining in the Oneida country, as well as some few very, meritorious persons of the Stockbridge Indians, will be considered in the distribution. 48 ARTICLE II. Mills to bo erected by tbe United States.For the general accommodation of these Indian nations, residing in the country of the Oneidas, the United States will cause to be erected a complete grist-mill and saw-mill, in a situation to serve the present principal settlements of these nations.
Or if such one convenient situation cannot be found, then the United States will cause to be erected two such grist-mills and saw-mills, in places where it is now known the proposed accommodation may be effected. Of this the United States will judge. ARTICLE III. Millers to be provided.The United States will provide, during three years after the mills shall be completed, for the expense of employing one or two-suitable persons to manage the mills, to keep them in repair, to instruct some young men of the three nations in the arts of the miller and sawer, and to provide teams and utensils for carrying on the work of the mills.
ARTICLE IV. $1000 given to build a church.The United States will pay one thousand dollars, to be applied in building a convenient church at Oneida, in the place of the one which was there burnt by the enemy, in the late war. ARTICLE V. Indians relinquish further claims.In consideration of the above stipulations to be performed on the part of the United States, the Oneida, Tuscorora and Stockbridge Indians afore-mentioned, now acknowledge themselves satisfied, and relinquish all other claims of compensation and rewards for their losses and services in the late war.
Excepting only the unsatisfied claims of such men of the said nations as bore commissions under the United States, for any arrears which may be due to them as officers. In witness whereof, the chiefs of those nations residing in the country of the Oneidas, and Timothy Pickering, agent for the United States, have hereto set their hands and seals, at Oneida, the second day of December, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four. TIMOTHY PICKERING. Wolf tribe. Hand Rachems of the Oneidas. { O-dot-saihte, Konno-quen-yau.
Eiktest was chief. { John Skenendo. Turtle tribe. War chief. { S,ho-noh-le-yo. Sachem. { Peter Konnauterlook. War chief. { Daniel Te-ounes-lees, son of okenendo. Bear tribe. War chiefs. { Lodowik Koh-sau-we-tau, Cornelius Kauhiktoton, Thos. Osaubataugaun-lot. Tuscorora. Sachem. { T, Haulondauwatigon. War chief. { Kanatjogh, or, Nicholas Cusick. Witnesses to the signing and sealing of Iho agent of the United States, and of the chiefs of tbe Oneida and Tuscorora nations. S. KIRKLAND, JAMES DEAN, Interpreter.
Witnesses to the signing ami sealing of the four chiefs of the Stockbridge Indians, whose names are below. SAML. KIRKLAND, JOHN SERGEANT. *Stockbridge Indian chiefs*. Hendrick Aupaumu, Joseph Quonney, John Konkapot, Jacob Konkapot. To ths Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. August 3, 1795 Treaty 7 Stat. 49 A TREATY OF PEACE Between the United States of America and the Tribes of Indians,Aug. 3, 1795.Proclamation, Dec. 2, 1795. called the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanoes, Ottawas, Chipewas, Potawatimes, Miamis, Eel-river, Weea’s, Kickapoos, Piankashaws, and Kaskaskias.
To put an end to a destructive war, to settle all controversies, and to restore harmony and a friendly intercourse between the said United States, and Indian tribes; Anthony Wayne, major-general, commanding the army of the United States, and sole commissioner for the good purposes above-mentioned, and the said tribes of Indians, by their Sachems, chiefs, and warriors, met together at Greeneville, the head quarters of the said army, have agreed on the following articles, which, when ratified by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, shall be binding on them and the said Indian tribes.
ARTICLE I. Henceforth all hostilities shall cease; peace is hereby established, andPeace established. shall be perpetual ; and a friendly intercourse shall lake place, between the said United States and Indian tribes. ARTICLE II. All prisoners shall on both sides be restored. The Indians, prisonersPrisoners on both sides to be restored. to the United States, shall be immediately set at liberty. The people of the United States, still remaining prisoners among the Indians, shall be delivered up in ninety days from the date hereof, to the general or commanding officer at Greeneville, Fort Wayne or Fort Defiance; and ten chiefs of the said tribes shall remain at Greeneville as hostages, until the delivery of the prisoners shall be effected.
ARTICLE III. The general boundary line between the lands of the United States,Boundary line established. and the lands of the said Indian tribes, shall begin at the mouth of Cayahoga river, and run thence up the same to the portage between that and the Tuscarawas branch of the Muskingum; thence down that branch to the crossing place above Fort Lawrence; thence westerly to a fork of that branch of the great Miami river running into the Ohio, at or near which fork stood Loromie’s store, and where commences the portage between the Miami of the Ohio, and St.
Mary’s river, which is a branch of the Miami, which runs into Lake Erie; thence a westerly course to Fort Recovery, which stands on a branch of the Wabash; then south-westerly in a direct line to the Ohio, so as to intersect that river opposite the mouth of Kentucke or Cuttawa river. And in consideration of the peace now established ; of the goods formerly received from the United States; of those now to be delivered, and of the yearly delivery of goods now stipulated to be made hereafter, and to indemnify the United States for the injuries and expences they have sustained during the war ; the said Indian tribes do hereby cede and relinquish forever, all their claims to the lands lying eastwardly and southwardly of the general boundary line now described ; and these lands, or any part of them, shall never hereafter be made a cause or pretence, on the part of the said tribes or any of them, of war or injury to the United States, or any of the people thereof. 49 50 TREATY WITH THE WYANDOTS, ETC. 1795.
Cession of particular tracts of land by the Indians.And for the same considerations, and as an evidence of the returning friendship of the said Indian tribes, of their confidence in the United States, and desire to provide for their accommodation, and for that convenient intercourse which will be beneficial to both parties, the said Indian tribes do also cede to the United States the following pieces of land ; to wit. (1.) One piece of land six miles square at or near Loromie’s store before mentioned.
(2.) One piece two miles square at the head of the navigable water or landing on the St. Mary’s river, near Girty’s town. (3.) One piece six miles square at the head of the navi-gable water of the Au-Glaize river. (4.) One piece six miles square at the confluence of the Au-Glaize and Miami rivers, where Fort Defiance now stands. (5.) One piece six miles square at or near the confluence of the rivers St. Mary’s and St. Joseph’s, where Fort Wayne now stands, or near it. (6.) One piece two miles square on the Wabash river at the end of the portage from the Miami of the lake, and about eight miles westward from Fort Wayne.
(7.) One piece six miles square at the Ouatanon or old Weea towns on the Wabash river. (8.) One piece twelve miles square at the British fort on the Miami of the lake at the foot of the rapids. (9.) One piece six miles square at the mouth of the said river where it empties into the Lake. (10.) One piece six miles square upon Sandusky lake, where a fort formerly stood. (11.) One piece two miles square at the lower rapids of Sandusky river. (12.) The post of Detroit and all the land to the north, the west and the south of it, of which the Indian title has been extinguished by gifts or grants to the French or English governments ; and so much more land to be annexed to the district of Detroit as shall be comprehended between the river Rosine on the south, lake St.
Clair on the north, and a line, the general course whereof shall be six miles distant from the west end of lake Erie, and Detroit river. (13.) The post of Michillimackinac, and all the land on the island, on which that post stands, and the main land adjacent, of which the Indian title has been extinguished by gifts or grants to the French or English governments; and a piece of land on the main to the north of the island, to measure six miles on lake Huron, or the straight between lakes Huron and Michigan, and to extend three miles back from the water of the lake or straight, and also the island De Bois Blanc, being an extra and voluntary gift of the Chipewa nation.
(14.) One piece of land six miles square at the mouth of Chikago river emptying into the south-west end of Lake Michigan, where a fort formerly stood. (15.) One piece twelve miles square at or near the mouth of the Illinois river, emptying into the Mississippi. (16.) One piece six miles square at the old Piorias fort and village, near the south end of the Illinois lake on said Illinois river: And whenever the United States shall think proper to survey and murk the boundaries of the lands hereby ceded to them, they shall give timely notice thereof to the said tribes of Indians, that they may appoint some of their wise chiefs to attend and see that the lines are run according to the terms of this treaty.
Cession of passages in certain places by the Indians.And the said Indian tribes will allow to the people of the United States a free passage by land and by water, as one and the other shall be found convenient, through their country, along the chain of posts herein before mentioned ; that is to say, from the commencement of the portage aforesaid at or near Loromie’s store, thence along said portage to the St. Mary’s, and down the same to Fort Wayne, and then down the Miami to lake Erie: again from the commencement of the portage at or near Loromie’s store along the portage from thence to the river Au-Glaize, and down the same to its junction with the Miami at Fort Defiance : again from the commencement of the portage aforesaid, to Sandusky river, and down the same to Sandusky bay and lake Erie, and from Sandusky to the post which shall be taken at or near the foot51 of the rapids of the Miami of the lake: and from thence to Detroit.
Again from the mouth of Chikago, to the commencement of the portage, between that river and the Illinois, and down the Illinois river to the Mississippi, also from Fort Wayne along the portage aforesaid which leads to the Wabash, and then down the Wabash to the Ohio. And the said Indian tribes will also allow to the people of the United States the free use of the harbours and mouths of rivers along the lakes adjoining the Indian lands, for sheltering vessells and boats, and liberty to land their cargoes where necessary for their safety.
ARTICLE IV. In consideration of the peace now established and of the cessionsRelinquishment of certain lands by U. S. and relinquishments of lands made in the preceding article by the said tribes of Indians, and to manifest the liberality of the United States, as the great means of rendering this peace strong and perpetual ; the United States relinquish their claims to all other Indian lands northward of the river Ohio, eastward of the Mississippi, and westward and southward of the Great Lakes and the waters uniting them, according to die boundary line agreed on by the United States and the king of Great-Britain, in the treaty of peace made between them in the year 1783.
But from this relinquishment by the United States, the following tracts of land, are explicitly excepted. 1st. The tract of one hundredExceptions and fifty thousand acres near the rapids of the river Ohio, which has been assigned to General Clark, for the use of himself and his warriors. 2d. The post of St. Vincennes on the river Wabash, and the lands adjacent, of which the Indian title has been extinguished. 3d. The lands at all other places in possession of the French people and other white settlers among them, of which the Indian title has been extinguished as mentioned in the 3d article; and 4th.
The post of fort Massac to-wards the mouth of the Ohio. To which several parcels of land so excepted, the said tribes relinquish all the title and claim which they or any of them may have. And for the same Considerations and with the same views as aboveAnnual allowance to be made to the Indians. mentioned, the United States now deliver to the said Indian tribes a quantity of goods to the value of twenty thousand dollars, the receipt whereof they do hereby acknowledge; and henceforward every year forever the United States will deliver at some convenient place northward of the river Ohio, like usefull goods, suited to the circumstances of the Indians, of the value of nine thousand five hundred dollars; reckoning that value at the first cost of the goods in the city or place in the United States, where they shall be procured.
The tribes to which those goods are to be annually delivered, and the proportions in which they are to be delivered, are the following. 1st. To the Wyandots, the amount of one thousand dollars. 2d. To the Delawares, the amount of one thousand dollars. 3d. To the Shawanese, the amount of one thousand dollars. 4th. To the Miamis, the amount of one thousand dollars. 5th. To the Ottawas, the amount of one thousand dollars. 6th. To the Chippewas, the amount of one thousand dollars. 7th.
To the Putawatimes, the amount of one thousand dollars. 8th. And to the Kickapoo, Weea, Eel-river, Piankashaw and Kaskaskias tribes, the amount of five hundred dollars each. *Provided*, That if either of the said tribes shall hereafter at an annualProviso. delivery of their share of the goods aforesaid, desire that a part of their annuity should be furnished in domestic animals, implements of husbandry, and other utensils convenient for them, and in compensation to usefull artificers who may reside with or near them, and be employed for their benefit, the same shall at the subsequent annual deliveries be furnished accordingly. 52 ARTICLE V.
Indians have right to hunt on lands relinquished by U.S. &c.To prevent any misunderstanding about the Indian lands relinquished by the United States in the fourth article, it is now explicitly declared, that the meaning of that relinquishment is this : The Indian tribes who have a right to those lands, are quietly to enjoy them, hunting, planting, and dwelling thereon so long as they please, without any molestation from the United States; but when those tribes, or any of them, shall be disposed to sell their lands, or any part of them, they are to be sold only to the United States; and untill such sale, the United States will protect all the said Indian tribes in the quiet enjoyment of their lands against all citizens of the United States, and against all other white persons who intrude upon the same.
And the said Indian tribes again acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the said United States and no other power whatever. ARTICLE VI. Indians may expel settlers from their lands.If any citizen of the United States, or any other white person or persons, shall presume to settle upon the lands now relinquished by the United States, such citizen or other person shall be out of the protection of the United States; and the Indian tribe, on whose land the settlement shall be made, may drive off the settler, or punish him in such manner as they shall think fit; and because such settlements made without the consent of the United States, will be injurious to them as well as to the Indians, the United States shall be at liberty to break them up, and remove and punish the settlers as they shall think proper, and so effect that protection of the Indian lands herein before stipulated.
ARTICLE VII. Indians may hunt on lands ceded to U. S.The said tribes of Indians, parties to this treaty, shall be at liberty to hunt within the territory and lands which they have now ceded to the United States, without hindrance or molestation, so long as they demean themselves peaceably, and offer no injury to the people of the United States. ARTICLE VIII. Trade to be opened with the Indians.Trade shall be opened with the said Indian tribes ; and they do hereby respectively engage to afford protection to such persons, with their property, as shall be duly licensed to reside among them for the purpose of trade, and to their agents and servants; but no person shall be permitted to reside at any of their towns or hunting camps as a trader, who is not furnished with a license for that purpose, under the hand and seal of the superintendant of the department north-west of the Ohio, or such other person as the President of the United States shall authorise to grant such licences; to the end, that the said Indians may not be imposed on in their trade.
And if any licensed trader shall abuse his privilege by unfair dealing, upon complaint and proof thereof, his licence shall be taken from him, and he shall be further punished according to the laws of the United States, And if any person shall intrude himself as a trader, without such license, the said Indians shall take and bring him before the superintendant or his deputy, to be dealt with according to law. And to prevent impositions by forged licences, the said Indians shall at least once a year give information to the superintendant or his deputies, of the names of the traders residing among them.
ARTICLE IX. Retaliation restrained.Lest the firm peace and friendship now established should be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, the United States, and the said Indian tribes agree, that for injuries done by individuals on either side,53 no private revenge or retaliation shall take place ; but instead thereof, complaint shall be made by the party injured, to the other ; By the said Indian tribes, or any of them, to the President of the United States, or the superintendant by him appointed ; and by the superintendant or other person appointed by the President, to the principal chiefs of the said Indian tribes, or of the tribe to which the offender belongs; and such prudent measures shall then be pursued as shall be necessary to preserve the said peace and friendship unbroken, until the Legislature (or Great Council) of the United States, shall make other equitable provision in the case, to the satisfaction of both parties.
Should anyIndians to give notice of designs against U. S. Indian tribes meditate a war against the United States or either of them, and the same shall come to the knowledge of the before-mentioned tribes, or either of them, they do hereby engage to give immediate notice thereof to the general or officer commanding the troops of the United States, at the nearest post. And should any tribe, with hostile intentions against the United States, or either of them, attempt to pass through their country, they will endeavour to prevent the same, and in like manner give information of such attempt, to the general or officer commanding, as soon as possible, that all causes of mistrust and suspicion may be avoided between them and the United States.
In like manner the United States shall give notice to the said Indian tribes of any harm that may be meditated against them, or either of them, that shall come to their knowledge ; and do all in their power to hinder and prevent the same, that the friendship between them may be uninterrupted. ARTICLE X. All other treaties heretofore made between the United States and theFormer treaties void. said Indian tribes, or any of them, since the treaty of 1783, between the United States and Great Britain, that come within the purview of tins treaty, shall henceforth cease and become void.
In Testimony whereof, the said Anthony Wayne, and the Sachems and War-Chiefs of the before-mentioned Nations and Tribes of Indians, have hereunto set their Hands, and affixed their Seals. Done at Greeneville, in the Territory of the United States, northwest of the river Ohio, on the third Day of August, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five. ANTHONY WAYNE. *Wyandots.* Tar-hé, (or Crane) J. Williams, jun. Tey-yagh-taw, Ha-ro-en-you, (or half King’s Son) Te-baaw-to-rens, Aw-me-yee-ray, Stayé-tah, Sha-tey-ya-ron-yah, (or Leather Lips) Daugh-sbut-tay-ah, Sha-aw-run-the, *Delawares. * Teta-boksh-ke, (or GrandGlaise King) Le-man-tan-quis, (or Black King) Wa-bat-thoe, Magh-pi-way, (or Red Feather) Kik-tha-we-nund, (or Anderson) Bu-kon-ge-he-las, Pee-kee-lund, Welle-baw-kee-1und, Poe-keé-télé-mund, (or Thomas Adams) Kish-ko-pe-kund, (or Captain Buffaloe) Ame-na-he-han, (or Captain Crow) Que-Shawk-sey, (or George Washingion) Wey Win-quis, (or Billy Siscomb) Moses, *Shawanoes.* Mis-qua-coo-na-caw, (or Bed Pole) Cut-the-we-ka-saw, (or Black Hoof) Kay-se-wa-e-se-kah, Wey-tha-pa-mat-tha, Nia-nym-se-ka, Way-the-ah, (or Long Shanks) Wey-a-pier-sen-waw, (or Bine Jacket) Ne-que, taugh-aw, Hah-goo-see-kaw, (or Captain Reed) *Ottawas.* Au-goosh-away, Kee-no-sha-meek, La Malice, Ma-chi-we-tah, Tho-wo-na-wa, Se-caw, 54 *Chippewas.* Mash-i-pi-nash-i-wish, (or Bad Bird) Nah-sho-ga-she, (from lake Superior) Ka-tha-wa-sung, Ma-sass, Ne-me-kass, (or Little Thunder) Pe-shaw-kay, (or Young Os) Nan-guey, Mee-ne-doh-gen-sogh, Pec-wan-she-me-nogh, Wey-me-gwas, Goh-mo-a-tick, *Ottawa.* Che-go-nickska, (an Ottawa from Sandusky) *Putawatames oftheRiver Saint Joseph.* Thu-pe-ne-bu, Naw-ac (for himself and brother A-sime-the) Ne-nan-se-ka, Kee-sass.
(or Sun) Ka ba-ma-saw (for himself and brother Chusau-gan) Wap-me-me, (or White Pigeon) Wa-che-ness, (for himself aud brother Pe-da-go-shok) Wah-shi-caw-naw, La Chasse, Me-she-ge-the-nogh, (for himself and brother Wa-wa-sek) Hin-go-swash, A-ne-wa-saw, Naw-budgh, Mis-se-no-go-maw, Wa-we-eg-she, Thaw-me (or le Blanc) Gec-que, (for himself and brother She-win-se) *Putawatames of Huron.* O-ki-a, Cha-mung, Se-ga-ge-wan, Nu-naw-me, (for himself and brother A-gin) Mar-chand, We-na-me-ac, *Miamis.* Na-goh-quan-gogh, (or Le Gris) Me-she-kun-nogh-quoh, (or Little Turtle) *Miamis and Eel-River.* Pee-jee-wa, (or Richard Ville) Coch-ke-pogh-togh, *Eel-River Tribe.* Sha-me-kun-ne-sa, (or Soldier) *Miamis.* Wa-pa-man-gwa, (or the White Loan) Weea’s. for themselves and the Piankashaws.
A-ma-cun-aa, (or Little Beaver) A-coo-la-tha, (or Little Fox) Francis, *Kickapoos and Kaskaskias.* Kee-aw-hah, Ne-migh-ka, (or Josey Renard) Pai-kee-ka-nogh, *Delawares of Sandusky.* Haw-kin-pum-is-ka, Pey-a-mawk-sey, Reyn-tue-co, (of the Six Nations, living at Sandusky) In presence of, (the word “goods” in the 6th line of the 3d article ; the word, “before” in the 26th line of the 3d article; the words “five hundred” in the: line of the 4th article; and the word “Piankashaw” in the 14th line of the 4th article, being first interlined.
) H. De Batts, first A. D. C. and Sec’y to M. G. Wayne. Wm. H. Harrison, Aid-de-camp to M. G. Wayne. T. Lewis, Aid-de-camp to M. G. Wayne. James O’Hara, Quarter-Master Genl. John Mills. Major of Infantry, and Adj. Genl. Caleb Swan, P. M. T. U. S. Gen. Demter, Lieut. Artillery. Vigo. P. fris La Fontaine. Ant. Lasselle. H. Laselle. Jn. Beau Bien. David Jones, Chaplain U. S. L. Lewis Beufait. R. Lachambre, Jas. Pepen. Batics Coutien. P. Navarre. *Sworn Interpreters*. Wm, Wells. Jacques Lasselle.
M. Morins. Bt. Sans Crainte Christopher Miller. Robert Wilson. Abraham x Williams. Isaac x Zane. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. May 31, 1796 Treaty 7 Stat. 55 AT A TREATY Held at the city of New York, with the Nations or Tribes of Indians,May 31, 1796.Proclamation, Jan. 31, 1797. denominating themselves the Seven Nations of Canada ; Abraham Ogden, Commissioner, appointed under the Authority of the United States, to hold the Treaty; Ohnaweio, alias Goodstream, Teharagwanegen, alias Thomas Williams, two Chiefs of the Caghnawagas ;
Atiatoharongwan, alias Colonel Lewis Cook, a Chief of the St. Regis Indians, and William Gray, Deputies, authorized to represent these Seven Nations or Tribes of Indians at the Treaty, and Mr. Gray, serving also as Interpreter ; Egbert Benson, Richard Earick and James Watson, Agents for the State of New-York ; William Constable and Daniel M’Cormick, Purchasers under Alexander Macomb: The agents for the state, having, in the presence, and with the approbationCession of lands to state of New York. of the commissioner, proposed to the deputies for the Indians, the compensation hereinafter mentioned, for the extinguishment of their claim to all lands within the state, and the said deputies being willing to accept the same, it is thereupon granted, agreed and concluded between the said deputies and the said agents, as follows;
The said deputies do, for and in the name of the said Seven Nations or tribes of Indians, cede, release and quit claim to the people of the state of New-York, forever, all the claim, right, or title of them, the said Seven Nations or tribes of Indians, to lands within the said state: *Provided nevertheless*, That the tract equal to six miles square, reserved in the sale made by the commissioners of the land-office of the said state, to Alexander Macomb, to be applied to the use of the Indians of the village of St.
Regis, shall still remain so reserved. The said agentsConsideration paid therefor. do, for, and in the name of the people of the state of New-York, grant to the said Seven Nations or tribes of Indians, that the people of the state of New-York shall pay to them, at the mouth of the river Chazy, on Lake Champlain, on the third Monday in August next, the sum of one thousand two hundred and thirty-three pounds, six shillings and eight-pence, and the further sum of two hundred and thirteen pounds six shillings and eight-pence, lawfull money of the said state, and on the third Monday in August, yearly, forever thereafter, the like sum of two hundred and thirteen pounds six shillings and eight-pence: *Provided nevertheless*, That the people of the state of New-York shall not be held to pay the said sums, unless in respect to the two sums to be paid on the third Monday in August next, at least twenty, and in respect to the said yearly sum to be paid thereafter, at least five of the principal men of the said Seven Nations or tribes of Indians, shall attend as deputies to receive and to give receipts for the same :
The said deputies having suggested, that the Indians of the village of St. Regis have built a mill on Salmon river, and another on Grass river, and that the meadows on Grass river are necessary to them for hay; in order, therefore, to secure to the Indians of the said village, the use of the said, mills and meadow’s, in case they should hereafter appear not to be included within the above tract so to remain reserved ; it is, therefore, also agreed and concluded between the said deputies, the said agents, and the said William Constable and Daniel M’Cormick, for themselves and their associates, purchasers under the said Alexander Macomb, of the adjacent5556TREATY WITH THE CREEKS. 1796.
Indian reserve.lands, that there shall be reserved, to be applied to the use of the Indians of the said village of St. Regis, in like manner as the said tract is to remain reserved, a tract of one mile square, at each of the said mills, and the meadows on both sides of the said Grass river from the said mill thereon, to its confluence with the river St. Lawrence. In testimony whereof, the said commissioner, the said deputies, the said agents, and the said William Constable and Daniel M’Cormick, have hereunto, and to two other acts of the same tenor and date, one to remain with the United States, another to remain with the state of New-York, and another to remain with the said Seven Nations or tribes of Indians, set their hands and seals, in the city of New-York, the thirty-first day of May, in the twentieth year of the independence of the United States, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-six.
Abraham Ogden, Egbert Benson, Richard Varick, James Watson, William Constable, Daniel M-Cormick, Ohawelo, (alias Goodstream), Olatoharongwau, (alias Colonel Lewis Cook.) William Gray, Teharagwanegen, (alias Thomas Williams). signed, sealed and delivered in the presence of Samuel Jones, Recorder of the city of New-York. John Tayler, Recorder of the city of Albany. Joseph Ogden Hoffman, attorney-genera! of the state of New-York. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal.
June 29, 1796 Treaty 7 Stat. 56 A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP June 29, 1796.Proclamation, March 18, 1797.*Made and concluded between the President of the United States of America, on the one Part, and Behalf of the said States, and the undersigned Kings, Chiefs and Warriors of the Creek Nation of Indians, on the Part of the said Nation.*(*a*)(*a*)This treaty was ratified by the President and the Senate of the United States on condition that the third and fourth articles should be modified as follows :
The Senate of the United States, two-thirds of the Senators present concurring, did, by their resolution of the second day of March instant, “consent to, and advise the President of the United Stales, to ratify the Treaty of Peace and Friendship, made and concluded at Coleraine, in the slate of Georgia, on the 29ih June, 1796, between the President of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, and the Kings, Chiefs and Warriors of I ho Creek nation of Indians, on the part of the said nalion : *Provided, and on condition*, that nothing in the third and fourth articles of the said treaty, expressed in the words following, ‘Article 3d, The President of the United States of America shall have full powers, whenever he may deem it adviscable, to establish a trading or military post on the south aide of the Altamaha, on the bluff, about one mile above Beard‘s bluff ; or any where from thence down the said river on the lands of the Indians, to garrison the same with any part of the military force of the United States, to protect the post, and to prevent the violation of any of the provisions or regulations subsisting between the parties:
And the Indians do hereby annex to lhe post aforesaid, a tract of land of five miles square, bordering one side on the river, which post and the lands annexed thereto, are hereby ceded to, and shall be to the use, and under the government of the United States of America.“Art. 4th, as soon as the President of the United States has determined on the time and manner of running the line from the Currahee mountain, to the head or source of the main south branch of the Oconnee, and notified the Chiefs of the Creek land of the same, a suitable number of persons on their part shall attend, to see the same completed :
And if the President should deem it proper, then to fix on any place or places adjoining the river, and on the Indian lands for military or trading posts : the Creeks who attend there, will concur in fixing the same, according to the wishes of the President. And to each post, the Indians shall annex a tract of land of five miles square, bordering one side on the river. And the said lands shall be to the use and under the government of the United States of America. Provided always, that whenever any of the trading or military posts mentioned in this treaty, shall, in the opinion of the President of the United States of America, be no longer necessary for the purposes intended by this cession, the same shall revert to, and become a part of the Indian lands/ shall be construed to affect any claim of the state of Georgia, to the right of pre-emption in the land therein set apart for military or trading posts; or to give to the United States without the consent of the said state, any right to the soil, or to the exclusive legislation over the same, or any other right t han that of establishing, maintaining, and exclusively governing military and trading posts within the Indian territory mentioned in the said articles, as long as the frontier of Georgia may require these establishments.
” Subject to alterations of the 3d and 4th articles, as stated in the note.The parties being desirous of establishing permanent peace and friendship between the United States and the said Creek nation, and the citizens and members thereof; and to remove the causes of war, by ascertaining their limits, and making other necessary, just and friendly arrangements ; the President of the United States, by Benjamin Hawkins, George Clymer and Andrew Pickens, Commissioners whom he57 hath constituted with powers for these purposes, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; and the Creek Nation of Indians, by the undersigned Kings, Chiefs and Warriors, representing the whole Creek Nation, have agreed to the following articles :
ARTICLE I. The Treaty entered into, at New-York, between the parties on theTreaty at New York binding. 7th day of August, 1790, is, and shall remain obligatory on the contracting parties, according to the terms of it, except as herein provided for. ARTICLE II. The boundary line from the Curraheé mountain, to the head, orBoundary line. source of the main south branch of the Oconee river, called, by the white people, Appalatchee, and by the Indians, Tulapocka, and down the middle of the same, shall be clearly ascertained, and marked, at such time, and in such manner, as the President shall direct.
And the Indians will, on being informed of the determination of the President, send as many of their old chiefs, as he may require, to see the line ascertained and marked. ARTICLE III.(*a*)(*a*) See note at the beginning of the treaty. The President of the United States of America shall have full powers,President may establish a trading or military post whenever he may deem it advisable, to establish a trading or military post on the south side of the Alatamaha, on the bluff, about one mile above Beard’s bluff; or any where from thence down the said river on the lands of the Indians, to garrison the same with any part of the military force of the United States, to protect the posts, and to prevent the violation of any of the provisions or regulations subsisting between the parties :
And the Indians do hereby annex to the post aforesaid, a tract of land of five miles square, bordering one side on the river; which post and the lands annexed thereto, are hereby ceded to, and shall be to the use, and under the government of the United States of America. ARTICLE IV.(*a*) As soon as the President of the United Slates has determined on theLine to be run. time and manner of running the line from the Currahee mountain, to the head or source of the main south branch of the Oconee, and notified the chiefs of the Creek land of the same, a suitable number of persons on their part shall attend to see the same completed :
And if the President should deem it proper, then to fix bn any place or places adjoining the river, and on the Indian lands for military or trading posts; the Creeks who attend there, will concur in fixing the same, according to the wishes of the President. And to each post, the Indians shall annexTrading or military posts to be established. a tract of land of five miles square, bordering one side on the river.58 And the said lands shall be to the use and under the government of the United States of America. *Provided always*, that whenever any of the trading or military posts mentioned in this treaty, shall, in the opinion of the President of the United States of America, be no longer necessary for the purposes intended by this cession, the same shall revert to, and become a part of the Indian lands.
ARTICLE V. Chiefs to attend the running the line with Spain.Whenever the President of the United States of America, and the king of Spain, may deem it advisable to mark the boundaries which separate their territories, the President shall give notice thereof to the Creek chiefs, who will furnish two principal chiefs, and twenty hunters to accompany the persons employed on this business, as hunters and guides from the Chocktaw country, to the head of St. Mary’s. The chiefs shall receive each half a dollar per day, and the hunters one quarter of a dollar each per day, and ammunition, and a reasonable value for the meat delivered by them for the use of the persons on this service.
ARTICLE VI. Boundary line with Choctaws and Chickasaws.The Treaties of Hopewell, between the United States and the Chocktaws and Chickasaws, and at Holston between the Cherokees and the United States, mark the boundaries of those tribes of Indians. And the Creek nation do hereby relinquish all claims to any part of the territory inhabited or claimed by the citizens of the United States, in conformity with the said treaties. ARTICLE VII. Prisoners to be given up.The Creek nation shall deliver, as soon as practicable, to the superintendant of Indian affairs, at such place as he may direct, all citizens of the United States ; white inhabitants and negroes who are now prisoners in any part of the said nation, agreeably to the treaty at New York, and also all citizens, white inhabitants, negroes and property taken since the signing of that treaty.
And if any such prisoners, negroes or property should not be delivered, on or before the first day of January next, the governor of Georgia may empower three persons to repair to the said nation, in order to claim and receive such prisoners, negroes and property, under the direction of the President of the United States. ARTICLE VIII Presents to the Indians.In consideration of the friendly disposition of the Creek nation towards the government of the United States, evidenced by the stipulations in the present treaty, and particularly the leaving it in the discretion of the President to establish trading or military posts on their lands; the commissioners of the United States, on behalf of the said states, give to the said nation, goods to the value of six thousand dollars, and stipulate to send to the Indian nation, two blacksmiths, with strikers, to be employed for the upper and lower Creeks with the necessary tools.
ARTICLE IX. Animosities to cease.All animosities for past grievances shall henceforth cease, and the contracting parties will carry the foregoing treaty into full execution with all good faith and sincerity. *Provided nevertheless*, That persons now under arrest, in the state of Georgia, for a violation of the treaty at New-York, are not to be included in this amnesty, but are to abide the decision of law. 59 ARTICLE X. This treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contractingWhen to take effect. parties, as soon as the same shall have been ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advise and consent of the senate.
Done at Colerain, the 29th of June, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-six. BENJAMIN HAWKINS. GEORGE CLYMER. ANDREW PICKENS. *Couwelas.* Chruchatcneah, Tusikia Mico, Incleuis Mico, Tuskenah, Ookfuskce Tuet Clewalee Tustu *Cussilas.* Tusikia Mico, Cussita Mico, Fusatchee Mico Opoey Mico. *Broken Arrows.* Tustuneka Mico Othley Opoey, Opoey Tustunek Oboethly Tustun *Euchees.* Euchco Mico. *Usuchees.* Osaw Enehah, Ephah Tuskena Tusikia Mico. *Chehaws.* Chebaw Mico. *Talehanas.* Othley poey Mico.
Othley poey Tustimiha. *Oakmulgees* Opoey Thlocco, Parachuckley, Tuskenab. *Euphales,* Pabose Mico, Tostunika Chopeo. *Ottassees.* Fusatchee Hullo Mico Tusikia Mico, Mico Opoey. *Tallessees.* Tailessee Mico, Othley poey Mic *Little Oakjoys.* Meeks Math. *Hicory Ground.* Opoey Mico. *Kuyalegees.* Kelese Hatkie. *Weokies.* Nedhomotea Opoey, Tuscikia Mico. *Cleewallees.* Opoey-e-Matla. *Coosis,* Hosonupe Hodjo. *Tukabathees.* Holahto Mico, Tustunika Thlocco. *Oakfuskees,* Poshphalaha. *Abacouchees.* Spani Hodjo, Tustonika. *Upper Euphaules.* Opoey.
Natchees. Chinibe. *Upper Cheehaws.* Spokoi Hodjo, Tustunika. *Mackasookos.* Tuskeehenehaw. *Oconees* Knapematha Thlocco *Cusetahs.* Cusa Mico, Tusckia Mico Athee, Halartee Math, Talahoua Mico, Neathlocto, Nuckfamico, Estechaco Mico, Tuskegee Tuskinagee Cochus Mico, Opio Hajo, Oneas Tustonagee, Alak Ajo, Stilepeck Chatee, Tuchesee Mico. *Kealeegces.* Cheea Hajo. 60 *Hilchetaws.* Talmasee Matla. * Tuckabatchees.* Tustincke Hajo. Okolissa, Coweta Matla, Coosa Mico, Fusatcbee Mico, Pio Hatkee, Foosatchee Mico, Neathlaco, Tuchabatchce Howla, Spoko Hajo. *Kialeegees.* Chuckchack Nincha, Opoyo Matla, Lachlee Math. *Big Tallasees.* Chowostia Hajo, Neathloco Opyo, Neathloco, Chowlactley Mico, Tocoso Hajo, Hoochee Matla, Howlacta, Tustinica Mico, Opoy Fraico. *Big Talassce.* Houlacta, Elcateo Hajo, Chosolop Hajo, Coosa Hajo. *Tuchabatchees*.
Chohajo. *Cousi‘s,* Tushegee Tustinagee, Talmasa Watalica. *Euphalces*. Tothes Hago. *Otasecs.* Opio Tustinagee, Yafkee Matle Hajo, Oboyethlee Tustinagee, Tustinagee Hajo, Hillibee Tustinagee Hajo, Ella Tuskcena, Emathlee Loco, Tuslenagee Mico, Yaha Tustinagee, Cunctastee Justinagee. *Ottasees*. Coosa Tustanagee, Neamatle Matla. *Weeokee’s*. Tusticnika Hajo. *Tuchabatchee’s*. Neamatoochee. *Cussila‘s*. Talewa Othleopoya, Talmasse Matla, Niah Weathla, Bmathlce-laco, Otlessce Matla, Muclaasee Matla, Eufallee Matla. *Tuckabatchees*.
Cunipee Howla. *Cowelas*. Hospotak Tustinagee. *Natchess.* Spoko Hodjo. Uchee‘s. Tustinagee Chatee. *Usuchees* Spokoca Tustinagee, Othley poey Tustinagee, Tuskeeneah Witness:—James Seagrove, superintendant Indian affairs, C. N. Henry Gaither, lientenant-colonel-commandant. Const. Freeman, A. W, D. major artillery and engineers. Samuel Tinsley, capt. 3d. sub-legion. Samuel Allinson, ensign 2d. sub-legion. John W. Thompson, ensign 1st U. S. sub-legion. Geo. Gillasspy, surgeon L.
U. S. Timothy Barnard, D. A. and sworn Interpreter. James Burges, D. A. and sworn Interpreter. James Jordan. Richard Thomas. Alexander Cornels. William Eaton, capt. 4th U. S. sub-legion, commandant at Coleraine and secretary to the commission. March 29, 1797 Treaty 7 Stat. 61 RELINQUISHMENT *To New York, by the Mohawk nation of Indians, under the sanction of the United States of America, of all claim to lands inMarch 29, 1797.Proclamation, April 27, 1798. that state.* At a treaty held under the authority of the United States, with the Mohawk nation of Indians, residing in the province of Upper Canada, within the dominions of the king of Great Britain, present, the honorable Isaac Smith, commissioner appointed by the United States to hold this treaty ;
Abraham Ten Broeck, Egbert Benson, and Ezra L’Hommedieu, agents for the state of New York; captain Joseph Brandt, and captain John Deserontyon, two of the said Indians and deputies, to represent the said nation at this treaty. The said agents having, in the presence, and with the approbation of the said commissioner, proposed to and adjusted with the said deputies, the compensation as hereinafter mentioned to be made to the said nation, for their claim, to be extinguished by this treaty, to all lands within the said state: it is thereupon finally agreed and done, between the said agents, and the said deputies, as follows, that is to say : the said agents do agree to pay to the said deputies, the sum of one thousand dollars,Agents of New York pay to the Mohawk deputies, $1000 and their expenses. for the use of the said nation, to be by the said deputies paid over to, and distributed among, the persons and families of the said nation, according to their usages.
The sum of five hundred dollars, for the expenses of the said deputies, during the time they have attended this treaty : and the sum of one hundred dollars, for their expenses in returning, and for conveying the said sum of one thousand dollars, to where the said nation resides. And the said agents do accordingly, for and in the name of the people of the state of New York, pay the said three several sums to the said deputies, in the presence of the said commissioner. And the said deputies do agree to cede and release, and these presents witness, that they accordingly do, for and in the name ofThe Mohawks cede all right, &c. for ever. the said nation, in consideration of the said compensation, cede and release to the people of the state of New York, forever, all the right or title of the said nation to lands within the said state: and the claim of the said nation to lands within the said state, is hereby wholly and finally extinguished.
In testimony whereof, the said commissioner, the said agents, and the said deputies, have hereunto, and to two other acts, of the same tenor and date, one to remain with the United States, one to remain with the said state, and one delivered to the said deputies, to remain with the said nation, set their hands and seals, at the city of Albany, in the said state, the 29th day of March, in the year 1797. ISAAC SMITH. Abm. Ten Broeck, Egbt. Benson, Ezra L‘Hominedieu Jos. Brandt, John Deserontyon.
Witnesses:—Robert Yates, John Tayler, Chas. Williamson, Thomas Morris, The mark of John Abeel, alias the Cornplanter, a chief of the Senekas. To the Indian names is subjoined a seal. [For a contract, dated Sept. 15, 1797, between Robert Morris and the Senecas, entered into under the sanction of the United States, sec. post, Appendix 1. p. 601.] 61 October 2, 1793 Treaty 7 Stat. 62 ARTICLES OF A TREATY, Oct. 2, 1793.*Between the United States of America, and the Cherokee Indians* Preamble.Whereas, the treaty made and concluded on Holston River, on the second day of July, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, Ante, p, 39.between the United States of America, and the Cherokee nation of Indians, had not been carried into execution, for some time thereafter, by reason of some misunderstandings which had arisen :—And whereas, in order to remove such misunderstandings, and to provide for carrying the said treaty into effect, and for re-establishing more fully the peace and friendship between the parties, another treaty was held, made and concluded by and between them, at Philadelphia, the twenty-sixth Ante, p. 43.day of June, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four:
In which, among other things, it was stipulated, that the boundaries mentioned in the fourth article of the said treaty of Holston, should be actually ascertained and marked, in the manner prescribed by the said article, whenever the Cherokee nation should have ninety days’ notice of the time and place at which the commissioners of the United States intended to commence their operation : And whereas further delays in carrying the said fourth article into complete effect did take place, so that the boundaries mentioned and described therein, were not regularly ascertained and marked, until the latter part of the year, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven : before which time, and for want of knowing the direct course of the said boundary, divers settlements were made, by divers citizens of the United States, upon the Indian lands over and beyond the boundaries so mentioned and described in the said article, and contrary to the intention of the said treaties : but which settlers were removed from the said Indian lands, by authority of the United States, as soon after the boundaries had been so lawfully ascertained and marked as the nature of the case had admitted : *And whereas*, for the purpose of doing justice to the Cherokee nation of Indians, and remedying inconveniencies arising to citizens of the United States from the adjustment of the boundary line between the lands of the Cherokees and those of the United States, or the citizens thereof, or from any other cause in relation to the Cherokees ; and in order to promote the interests and safety of the said states, and the citizens thereof, the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, hath appointed George Walton, of Georgia, and the President of the United States hath also appointed Lieutenant-Colonel Thomas Butler, commanding the troops of the United States, in the state of Tennessee, to be commissioners for the purpose aforesaid:
And who, on the part of the United States, and the Cherokee nation, by the undersigned chiefs and warriors, representing the said nation, have agreed to the following articles, namely : ARTICLE I. Peace and friendship perpetual.The peace and friendship subsisting between the United States and the Cherokee people, are hereby renewed, continued, and declared perpetual. ARTICLE II. Subsisting treaties to operate.The treaties subsisting between the present contracting parties, are acknowledged to be of full and operating force; together with the construction and usage under their respective articles, and so to continue. 62 TREATY WITH THE CHEROKEES. 1798. 63 ARTICLE III.
The limits and boundaries of the Cherokee nation, as stipulated andLimits to remain the same, &c. marked by the existing treaties between the parties, shall be and remain the same, where not altered by the present treaty. ARTICLE IV. In acknowledgement for the protection of the United States, and forCession of territory. the considerations hereinafter expressed and contained, the Cherokee nation agree, and do hereby relinquish and cede to the United States, all the lands within the following points and lines, viz.
From a point on the Tennessee river, below Tellico block-house, called the Wild-cat Rock, in a direct line to the Militia spring, near the Mary-ville road leading from Tellico. From the said spring to the Chill-howie mountain, by a line so to be run, as will leave all the farms on Nine-mile Creek to the northward and eastward of it; and to be continued along Chill-howie mountain, until it strikes Hawkins’s line. Thence along the said line to the great Iron mountain"; and from the top of which a line to be continued in a southeastwardly course to where the most southwardly branch of Little river crosses the divisional line to Tuggaloe river:
From the place of beginning, the Wild-cat Rock, down the northeast margin of the Tennessee river (not including islands) to a point or place one mile above the junction of that river with the Clinch, and from thence by a line to be drawn in a right angle, until it intersects Hawkins’s line leading from Clinch. Thence down the said line to the river Clinch ; Thence up the said river to its junction with Emmery’s river; and thence up Emmery’s river to the foot of Cumberland mountain.
From thence a line to be drawn, northeastwardly, along the foot of the mountain, until it intersects with Campbell’s line. ARTICLE V. To prevent all future misunderstanding about the line described inCommissioners for running the line of the cession. the foregoing article, two commissioners shall be appointed to superintend the running and marking the same where not ascertained by the rivers, immediately after signing this treaty; one to be appointed by the commissioners of the United States, and the other by the Cherokee nation ; and who shall cause three maps or charts thereof to be made out; one whereof shall be transmitted and deposited in the war office of the United States ; another with the executive of the state of Tennessee, and the third with the Cherokee nation, which said line shall form a part of the boundary between the United States and the Chero-kee nation.
ARTICLE VI. In consideration of the relinquishment and cession hereby made, theConsideration for the treaty. United States upon signing the present treaty, shall cause to be delivered to the Cherokees, goods, wares and merchandize, to the amount of five thousand dollars, and shall cause to be delivered, annually, other goods, to the amount of one thousand dollars, in addition to the annuity already provided for; and will continue the guarantee of the remainder of their country for ever, as made and contained in former treaties.
ARTICLE VII. The Cherokee nation agree, that the Kentucky road, running betweenKentucky road to be kept open. the Cumberland mountain and the Cumberland river, where the same shall pass through the Indian land, shall be an open and free road for the use of the citizens of the United States in like manner as the road from Southwest point to Cumberland river. In consideration of which it is hereby agreed on the part of the United States, that until settle-64Indians may hunt on lands relinquished.ments shall make it improper, the Cherokee hunters shall be at liberty to hunt and take game upon the lands relinquished and ceded by this treaty.
ARTICLE VIII. Notice of time for delivering annuities, &c.Due notice shall be given to the principal towns of the Cherokees, of the time proposed for delivering the annual stipends; and sufficient supplies of provisions shall be furnished, by and at the expense of the United States, to subsist such reasonable number that may be sent, or shall attend to receive them during a reasonable time. ARTICLE IX. Horses stolen to be paid for.It is mutually agreed between the parties, that horses stolen and not returned within ninety days, shall be paid for at the rate of sixty dollars each; if stolen by a white man, citizen of the United States, the Indian proprietor shall be paid in cash ; and if stolen by an Indian from a citizen, to be deducted as expressed in the fourth article of the treaty of Philadelphia.—This article shall have retrospect to the commencement of the first conferences at this place in the present year, and no further.
Oblivion of past aggressions.And all animosities, aggressions, thefts and plunderings, prior to that day shall cease, and be no longer remembered or demanded on either side. ARTICLE X. The Cherokee agent to have a piece of ground.The Cherokee nation agree, that the agent who shall be appointed to reside among them from time to time, shall have a sufficient piece of ground allotted for his temporary use. And lastly, This treaty, and the several articles it contains, shall be considered as additional to and forming a part of, treaties already subsisting between the United States and the Cherokee nation, and shall be carried into effect on both sides, with all good faith as soon as the same shall be approved and ratified by the President of the United States, and the Senate thereof.
In Witness of all and every thing herein determined between the United States of America, and the whole Cherokee nation, the parties hereunto set their hands and seals, in the Council-House, near Tellico, on Cherokee ground, and within the United States, this second day of October, in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-eight, and in the twenty-third year of the Independence and Sovereignty of the United States. THOS. BUTLER, GEO. WALTON. Ne-ne-tu-ah, or Bloody Fellow, Ostaiah, Jaunne, or John, Oortlokecteh, Chckonnistaller, or Stallion, Noot-hoietah, Kunnateetah, or Rising Fawn, Utturah, or Skin Worm, Wee-lee, or Will, Oolasoteh, Tlorene, Jonnurtcekee, or Little John, Oonatakoteehee, Kanowsurkee, or Broom, Yonah Oolah, Bear at Home, Tunksalenee, or Thick Legs, Oorkullaukee Kumamah, or Butterfly Chattakutechee Kanitla, or Little Turkey Kettegiskie Tauquotihee, or the Glass Chuquilatague Sallcekookoo-olah Tallo tuskee Chellokee Tuskeegatee, or Long Fellow Neeka-anneah, or Woman Holder Kulsateehee Keetakeuskah, or Prince Charley Akooh Sawanookeh Yonah Equah, or Big Bear Keenahkunnah Ka-wee-soola-skee Teekakalohenah Ookousetech, or John Taylor Chochu Cheo TREATY WITH THE CHICKASAWS. 1801. 65 Witnesses:—Elisha I.
Hall, Sec. of the Commission. Silas Dinsmoor, I. agent to the Cherokees. John W. Hooker, U. S. Factor. Edw. Butler, Capt. commanding at Tellico. Robt. Purdy, Lieut. 4th U. S. Regt. Ludwell Grymes. Jno. M. Donald. Daniel Ross. Maltw. Wallace, Esquire. Saml. Hanly. Michael McKinsey. Chs. Hicks, interpreter. James Cazey, interpreter, John Thompson. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. October 24, 1801 Treaty 7 Stat. 65 A TREATY, *Of reciprocal advantages and mutual convenience between theOct. 24, 1801.Proclamation, May 4, 1802.
United States of America and the Chickasaws.* The President of the United States of America, by James WilkinsonConsent of Senate, May 1, 1802. brigadier general in the service of the United States, Benjamin Hawkins of North Carolina, and Andrew Pickens of South Carolina, commissioners of the United States, who are vested with full powers, and the Mingco, principal men and warriors of the Chickasaw nation, representing the said nation, have agreed to the following articles. Art.
I. The Mingco, principal men and warriors of the ChickasawRight to make a road, &c. granted to U.S. nation of Indians, give leave and permission to the President of the United States of America, to lay out, open and make a convenient waggon road through their land between the settlements of Mero District in the state of Tennessee, and those of Natchez in the Mississippi Territory, in such way and manner as he may deem proper ; and the same shall be a high way for the citizens of the United States, and the Chickasaws.
The Chickasaws shall appoint two discreet men to serve as assistants, guides or pilots, during the time of laying out and opening the road, under the direction of the officer charged with that duty, who shall have a reasonable compensation for their service: Provided always, that the necessary ferries over the water courses crossed by the said road shall be held and deemed to be the property of the Chickasaw nation. Art. II. The commissioners of the United States give to the MingcoPresent of goods to Indans. of the Chickasaws, and the deputation of that nation, goods to the value of seven hundred dollars, to compensate him and them and their attendants for the expense and inconvenience they may have sustained by their respectful and friendly attention to the President of the United States of America, and to the request made to them in his name to permit the opening of the road.
And as the persons,-towns, villages, lands, hunting grounds, and other rights and property of the Chickasaws, as set forth in the treaties or stipulations heretofore entered into between the contracting parties, more especially in and by a certificate of the President of the United States of America, under their seal of the first of July 1794, are in the peace and under the protection of the United States, the commissioners of the United States do hereby further agree, that the President of the United States of America, shall take such measures from time to time, as he may deem proper, to assist the Chickasaws to preserve entire all their rights against the encroachments of unjust neighbours, of which he shall be the judge, and also to preserve and perpetuate friendship and brotherhood between the white people and the Chickasaws. 66 TREATY WITH THE CHOCTAWS. 1801.
Art. III. Treaty, when to take effect.The commissioners of the United States may, if they deem it advisable, proceed immediately to carry the first article into operation ; and the treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contracting parties, as soon as the same shall have been ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States. In testimony whereof we, the plenipotentiaries, have hereunto subscribed our names and affixed our seals at Chickasaw Bluffs, the twenty-fourth of October, 1801.
JA. WILKINSON, Brig. Genl., BENJAMIN HAWKINS, ANDW. PICKENS. Chinmimbo Mingco, Immuttauhaw, Chummaube, George Colbert, William M-Gillivray, Opiehoomah, Olohtohopoie, Minkemattauhau, Tushkoopoie, William Glover, Thomas Brown, William Colbert, W. C. Mooklushopoie, Opoieolauhtau, Teschoolauhtau, Teschoolauhtau, James Underwood. Witnesses:—Samuel Mitchell, Agent to the Chickasaws. Malcom McGeo, Interpreter to the Chickasaws. William R. Bootes, Capt. of 3d Reg. and aid-de-camp. J.
B. Walhach, Lieut. and aid-de-camp. J. Wilson, Lieut. 3d Regiment. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. December 17, 1801 Treaty 7 Stat. 66 A TREATY OF FRIENDSHIP, LIMITS AND ACCOMMODATION Dec. 17, 1801.Proclamation, May 4, 1802.*Between, the United States of America and the Chactaw nation of Indians.* Ratified April 30, 1802.Thomas Jefferson, President of the United States of America, by James Wilkinson, of the state of Maryland, Brigadier-General in the army of the United States, Benjamin Hawkins, of North Carolina, and Andrew Pickens, of South Carolina, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States on the one part, and the Mingos, principal men and warriors of the Chactaw nation, representing the said nation in council assembled, on the other part, have entered into the following articles and conditions, viz.
Art. I. Peace and friendship.Whereas the United States in Congress assembled, did by their commissioners Plenipotentiary, Benjamin Hawkins, Andrew Pickens, and Joseph Martin, at a treaty held with the chiefs and head men of the Chactaw nation at Hopewell, on the Keowe, the third day of January, in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and eighty-six, give peace to the said nation, and receive it into the favor and protection of the United States of America; it is agreed by the parties to these presents respectively, that the Chactaw nation, or such part of it as may reside within the limits of the United States, shall be and continue under the care and protection of the said States ; and that67 the mutual confidence and friendship which are hereby acknowledged to subsist between the contracting parties shall be maintained and perpetuated.
Art. II. The Mingos principal men and warriors of the ChactawA wagon way to be made through Indian lands. nation of Indians, do hereby give their free consent, that a convenient and durable waggon way may be explored, marked, opened and made under the orders and instructions of the President of the United States, through their lands to commence at the northern extremity of the settlements of the Mississippi Territory, and to be extended from thence, by such route as may be selected and surveyed under the authority of the President of the United States, until it shall strike the lands claimed by the Chickasaw nation; and the same shall be and continue for ever, a high-way for the citizens of the United States and the Chactaws ; and the said Chactaws shall nominate two discreet men from their nation, who may be employed as assistants, guides or pilots, during the time of laying out and opening the said high-way, or so long as may be deemed expedient, under the direction of the officer charged with this duty, who shall receive a reasonable compensation for their services.
Art. III. The two contracting parties covenant and agree that theBoundary. old line of demarkation heretofore established by and between the officers of his Britannic Majesty and the Chactaw nation, which runs in a parallel direction with the Mississippi river and eastward thereof, shall be retraced and plainly marked, in such way and manner as the President may direct, in the presence of two persons to be appointed by the said nation; and that the said line shall be the boundary between the settlements of the Mississippi Territory and the Chactaw nation.
And the said nation does by these presents relinquish to the United States and quit claim for ever, all their right, title and pretension to the land lying between the said line and the Mississippi river, bounded south by the thirty-first degree of north latitude, and north by the Yazoo river, where the said line shall strike the same; and on the part of the commissioners it is agreed, that all persons who may be settled beyond this line, shall be removed within it, on the side towards the Mississippi, together with their slaves, household furniture, tools, materials and stock, and that the cabbius or houses erected by such persons shall be demolished.
Art. IV. The President of the United States may, at his discretion,Indians to be notified of the time, &c. of resurvey. proceed to execute the second article of this treaty ; and the third article shall be carried into effect as soon as may be convenient to the government of the United States, and without unnecessary delay on the one part or the other, of which the President shall be the judge; the Chactaws to be seasonably advised, by order of the President of the United States, of the time when, and the place where, the re-survey and re-marking of the old line referred to in the preceding article, will be commenced.
Art. V. The commissioners of the United States, for and in consideration83000 delivered to the Indians, &c. of the foregoing concessions on the part of the Chactaw nation, and in full satisfaction for the same, do give and deliver to the Mingos, chiefs and warriors of the said nation, at the signing of these presents, the value of two thousand dollars in goods and merchandise, nett cost of Philadelphia, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged; and they further engage to give three sets of blacksmith’s tools to the said nation.’ Art.
VI. This treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contractingTreaty, when to take effect. parties, so soon as the same shall be ratified by the President68TREATY WITH THE CREEKS. 1802. of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof. In testimony whereof, the Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States, and the Mingos, principal men and warriors of the Chactaw nation, have hereto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, at Fort Adams, on the Mississippi, this seventeenth day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and one, and of the independence of the United States the twenty-sixth.
JA. WILKINSON, BENJAMIN HAWKINS, ANDW. PICKENS. Tuskona Hopoia, Toots Homo, Mingo Homo Massatubby Oak Chumme, Mingo Poos,coos, Buckshun Nubby, Shappa Homo, Hi,u,pa Homo, Il,la talla, Homo, Hoché Homo, Tuspéna Chaabè, Muclusha Hopoia, Ciipputanne Thlucco, Robert M’Clure, Poosha Homo, Ba ka Lub,bè. Witnesses present:—Alexander Macomb, jun. secretary to the commission; John M. Kee, deputy superintendant and agent to the Chactaws; Henry Gaither, lieutenant colonel commandant; John H.
Brull, major second regiment infantry; Bn. Shaumburgh, captain second regiment infantry ; Fran. Jones, assistant quarter master general; Benjamin Wilkinson, lieutenant and paymaster third United Slates regiment ; J. B. Walbach, aid de camp to the commanding general; J. Wilson, lieutenant third regiment infantry ; Samuel Jeton, lieutenant second regiment of artillery and engineers; John F. Carmichael, surgeon third regiment United Slates army. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal.
June 16, 1802 Treaty 7 Stat. 68 A TREATY OF LIMITS June 16, 1802.Proclamation, Jan. 11, 1803.*Between the United Slates of America and the Creek Nation of Indians.* Thomas Jefferson, President of the United States of America, by James Wilkinson, of the state of Maryland, Brigadier General in the army of the United States, Benjamin Hawkins, of North-Carolina, and Andrew Pickens of South-Carolina, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States, on the one part, and the Kings, Chiefs, Head Men and Warriors of the Creek Nation, in council assembled, on the other part, have entered into the following articles and conditions, viz.
Article I. Cession of territory to U. S.The Kings, Chiefs, Head men and Warriors of the Creek nation, in behalf of the said nation, do by these presents cede to the United States of America, all that tract and tracts of land, situate, lying and being within and between the following bounds, and the lines and limits of the extinguished claims of the said nation, heretofore ascertained and established by treaty. That is to say—beginning at the upper extremity of the high shoals of the Appalachee river, the same being a branch of the Oconee river, and on the southern bank of the same—running thence a direct course to a noted ford of the south branch of Little river, called by the Indians Chat-to-chuc-co bat-chee—thence a direct line to the main branch of Commissioners’ creek, where the same is intersected by the path leading from the rock-landing to the69 Ocmulgee Old Towns, thence a direct line to Palmetto Creek, where the same is intersected by the Uchee path, leading from the Oconee to the Ocmulgee river—thence down the middle waters of the said Creek to Oconee river, and with the western bank of the same to its junction with the Ocmulgee river, thence across the Ocmulgee river to the south bank of the Altamaha river, and down the same at low water mark to the lower bank of Goose Creek, and from thence by a direct line to the Mounts, on the Margin of the Okefmocau swamp, raised and established by the commissioners of the United States and Spain at the head of the St.
Mary’s river; thence down the middle waters of the said river, to the point where the old line of demarkation strikes the same, thence with tire said old line to the Altamaha river, and up the same to Goose Creek: and the said Kings, Chiefs, Head men and Warriors, do relinquish and quit claim to the United States all their right, title, interest and pretensions, in and to the tract and tracts of land within and between the bounds and limits aforesaid, for ever. Art. II. The commissioners of the United States, for and in considerationConsideration for the foregoing concession. of the foregoing concession on the part of the Creek nation, and in full satisfaction for the same do hereby covenant and agree with the said nation, in behalf of the United States, that the said states shall pay to the said nation, annually, and every year, the sum of three thousand dollars, and one thousand dollars for the term of ten years, to the chiefs who administer the government, agreeably to a certificate under the hands and seals of the commissioners of the United States, of this date, and also twenty-five thousand dollars in the manner and form fol-lowing, viz.
Ten thousand dollars in goods and merchandize, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged ; ten thousand dollars to satisfy certain debts due from Indians and white persons of the Creek country to the factory of the United States; the said debts, after the payment aforesaid, to become the right and property of the Creek nation, and to be recovered for their use in such way and manner as the President of the United States may think proper to direct ; five thousand dollars to satisfy claims for property taken by individuals of the said nation, from the citizens of the United States, subsequent to the treaty of Colerain, which has been or may be claimed and established agreeably to the provisions of the act for regulating trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes, and to preserve peace on the frontiers.
And it is further agreed that the United States shall furnish to the said nation two sets of blacksmiths tools, and men to work them, for the term of three years. Art. III. It is agreed by the contracting parties, that the garrison orGarrisons to be established on Indian lands. garrisons which may be found necessary for the protection of the frontiers, shall be established upon the laud of the Indians, at such place or places as the President of the United States may think proper to direct, in the manner and on the terms established by the treaty of Colerain.
Art. IV. The contracting parties to these presents, do agree that thisWhen to take effect. treaty shall become obligatory and of full effect so soon as the same shall be ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof. In testimony whereof, the Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States, and the Kings, Chiefs, Head Men and Warriors of the Creek nation, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, at the camp of the Commissioners of the United States, near Fort Wilkinson, on the Oconee river, this sixteenth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and70AGREEMENT WITH THE SENECAS. 1802. two, and of the independence of the United States the twenty-sixth.
JAMES WILKINSON, (l.s.) BENJAMIN HAWKINS, (l.s.) ANDREW PICKENS, (l.s.) Efau Haujo, 1 Tustunnuggee Thlucco, 2 Hopoie Micco, 3 Hopoie O-loh-tau, Tallesee Micco, Tus-sei-kia Micco, Micco Thlucco, Otohbm Haujo, Talman Haujo, Autlosse Ermntlau, Tuskenehau Chapco, Chou-wacke lo Micco, Toosce hatche Micco, Hopoie Yauholo, Hoithlewau le Micco, Efau Haujo of Cooloome, Cus-se-luh You-ho-lo, Wa-wo-cau Tus-tun-nug-gee, Ne-ho-mah to Tus-tun-nug-gee, Jus-tun-nue Haujo, Ho-poi-e Tus-tuu-nug-gee, Tal-chis-chau Mic-co, Yaaf-kee Emantla Haujo, Coosaudec Tustunnuggee, Nenehom ohtau Tustunnuggee Micco, Is-fau-nau Tus-tun-nug-gec Eufaulau-Tustunnuggee, Tustunnuc Hoithle poyuh, Is hopei Tustunnuggee, Cowetuh Tustunnuggee, Hopoithie Haujo, Woe-see Haujo, Uctij utchee Tustunnuggec, Okelesau Hut-kee, Pa-hose Mic-co, Micke Etmautlau, Hoithle po yan Haujo, Cussetuh Haujo, Ocheesec Tustunnuggee, Tooselnatchee Haujo, Isfau-ne Haujo, Ho-Poith-le Ho-poi-e, Oluh-tuh Emautlau.
Timothy Barnard, Alexander Cornels, Joseph Islands, Interpreters. Alexander Macomb, jun. Secretary to the Commission. William R. Bootes, Captain 2d Regiment Infantry. T. Blackburn, Lieut. Com. Comp. D. John B. Barnes, Lieut. United States A. Wm. Hill, Ajt. C. D. To the Indian titles are subjoined a mark and seal. June 30, 1802 Treaty 7 Stat. 70 THIS INDENTURE, June 30, 1802.Proclamation, Jan. 12, 1803.*Made the thirtieth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and two, between the Sachems, Chiefs, and Warriors of the Seneca nation of Indians, of the. first part, and Wilhem Willinlc, Pieter Pan Eeghen, Hendrik Pollenhoven, W.
Willink the younger, I. Ratified Jan. 12, 1803.Willink the younger (son of Jan) Jan Gabriel Pan Slaphorst, Roelaf Pan Slaphorst, the younger, Cornells Pollenhoven, and Hendrik Seye, all of the city of Amsterdam, and republic of Batavia, by Joseph Ellicott, esquire, their agent and attorney, of the second part.* Preamble.Whereas at a treaty held under the authority of the United States with the said Seneca nation of Indians, at Buffalo creek, in the county of Ontario, and state of New-York, on the day of the date of these presents, by the honorable John Taylor, esquire, a commissioner appointed by the President of the United States to hold the same, in pursuance of the constitution, and of the act of the Congress of the United States, in such case made and provided, a convention was entered into in the presence and with the approbation of the said commissioner, between the said Seneca nation of Indians and the said Wilhem Willink, Pieter Van Eeghen, Hendrik Vollenhoyen, W, Willink the71 younger, I.
Willink the younger (son of Jan) Jan Gabriel Van Staphorst, Roelof Van Staphorst the younger, Cornelis Vollenhoven, and Hendrik Seye, by the said Joseph Ellicott, their agent and attorney, lawfully constituted and appointed for that purpose. Now this Indenture witnesseth, That the said parties of the firstCession of lands. part, for and in consideration of the lands hereinafter described, do hereby exchange, cede, and forever quit claim to the said parties of the second part, their heirs and assigns, all those lands situate, lying and being in the county of Ontario, and state of New-York, being part of the lands described and reserved by the said parties of the first part, in a treaty or convention held by the honorable Jeremiah Wadsworth, esquire, under the authority of the United States on the Genesee river the 15th day of September, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven, in words following, viz.
“Beginning at the mouth of the eighteen mile or Kogh-quaw-guBoundary described. creek, thence a line or lines to be drawn parallel to lake Erie, at the distance of one mile from the lake, to the mouth of Cataraugos creek, thence a line or lines extending twelve miles up the north side of said creek, at the distance of one mile therefrom, thence a direct line to the said creek, thence down the said creek to lake Erie, thence along the lake, to the first mentioned creek, and thence to the place of beginning.
Also one other piece at Cataraugos, beginning at the shore of lake Erie, on the south side of Cataraugos creek, at the distance of one mile from the mouth thereof, thence running one mile from the lake, thence on a line parallel thereto, to a point within one mile from the Con-non-dau-we-gea creek, thence up the said creek one mile on a line parallel thereto, thence on a direct line to the said creek, thence down the same to lake Erie, thence along the Jake to the place of beginning;" reference being thereunto had will fully appear.
Together with all and singular the rights, privileges, hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging, or in any wise appertaining. And all the estate, right, title, and interest whatsoever, of them, the said parties of the first part, and their nation, of, in and to the said tracts of land, above described, to have and to hold all and singular the said granted premises, with the appurtenances, to the said parties of the second part, their heirs and assigns, to their only proper use, benefit and behoof forever.
And in consideration of the said lands described and ceded as aforesaid,Consideration. the said parties of the second part, by Joseph Ellicott, their agent and attorney as aforesaid, do hereby exchange, cede, release, and quit claim to the said parties of the first part, and their nation (the said parties of the second part, reserving to themselves the right of pre-emption) all that certain tract or parcel of land situate as aforesaid. Beginning at a post marked No. 0. standing on the bank of lake Erie, at the mouth of Cataraugos creek, and on the north bank thereof; thence along the shore of said lake N. 11° E. 21 chains;
N. thirteen degrees east 45 chains; N. 19° E. 14 chains 65 links to a post; thence east 119 chains to a post ; thence south 14 chains 27 links to a post ; thence east 640 chains to a post standing in the meridian between the Sth and 9th ranges; thence along said meridian south 617 chains 75 links, to a post standing on the south bank of Cataraugos creek ; thence west 160 chains to a post; thence north 290 chains 25 links to a post; thence west 4S2 chains 31 links to a post; thence north 219 chains 50 links to a post standing on the north bank of Cataraugos creek ; thence down the same and along the several meanders thereof, to the place of beginning.
To hold to the said parties of the first part in the same manner and by the same tenure as the lands reserved by the said parties of the first part in and by the said treaty or convention entered into on Genesee river, the 15th day of September, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-seven, as aforesaid, were intended to be held. 72 TREATY WITH THE SENECAS. 1802. In testimony whereof the parties to these presents have hereunto, and to two other indentures of the same tenor and date, one to remain with the United States, one to remain with the said parties of the first part, and one other to remain with the said parties of the second part, interchangeably set their hands and seals, the day and year first above written.
Con-nea-ti-u, Koe-en-twah-ka, or Corn Planter, Won-dou-goohkat, Te-kon-nou-du, Te-ki-ain-dan, Sa-goo-yes, Tow-yo-cau-na, or Blue Sky, Koying-quau-lab, or Young King, Ka-oun-doo-wand, or Pollard, Con-na-wau-de-au, Soo-no-you, Au-wen-nau-sa, Soo-gou-ya-wau-tau, or Red Jacket, Cosh-kou-tough, Te-yo-kai-hos-sa, Ona-ya-wos, or Farmer’s Brother, So-nau-goi-es, Gish-ka-ka, or Little Billy, Sus-aa-oo-wan. Wilhem Willink, Pieter Van Eeghen, Hendrik Vollenhoven, W. Willink, the younger, I.
Willink the younger, (son of Jan) Jan Gabriel Van Staphorat, Roelof Vanstaphorst the younger, Cornelius Vollenhoven, and Hendrik Seye, by their Attorney, JOSEPH ELLICOTT. Sealed and delivered in the presence of Jno. Thomson, Israel Chapin, James W. Stevens. Horatio Jones, Jasper Parrish, Interpreters. To the Indian aatnee are subjoined a mark and seal. Done at a full and general treaty of the Seneca nation of Indians, held at Buftalo Creek, in the county of Ontario, and state of New-York, on the thirtieth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and two, under the authority of the United States.
In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal, the day and year aforesaid, JOHN TAYLER. June 30, 1802 Treaty 7 Stat. 72 AT A TREATY June 30, 1802.Proclamation, Feb. 7, 1803.*Held under the authority of the United States, at Buffalo Creek in the county of Ontario, and state of New-York, between the Sachems, Chiefs and Warriors of the Seneca Nation of Ratified Feb. 7, 1803.Indians, on behalf of said nation, and Oliver Phelps, Esq. of the county of Ontario, Isaac Bronson, Esq. of the city of New-York, and Horatio Jones, of the said county of Ontario, in the presence of John Tayler, Esq.
Commissioner appointed by the President of the United States for holding said treaty.* Cession of certain lands.Know all men by these presents, that the said Sachems, Chiefs and Warriors, for and in consideration of the sum of twelve hundred dollars, lawful money of the United States, unto them in hand paid by the said Oliver Phelps, Isaac Bronson and Horatio Jones, at or immediately before the sealing and delivery hereof, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, have and by these presents do grant, remise, release and forever quit claim and confirm unto the said Oliver Phelps, Isaac Bronson and Horatio Jones, and to their heirs and assigns, all that tract of land commonly called and known by the name of Little Beard’s Reservation, situate, lying and being in the said county of Ontario, bounded on the East by the Genesee river and Little Beard’s Creek, on the south and west by other lands of the said parties of the secondTREATY WITH THE CHOCTAWS. 1802.73 part, and on the north by Big Tree Reservation—containing two square miles, or twelve hundred and eighty acres, together with all and singular, the hereditaments and appurtenances whatsoever thereunto belonging, or in any wise appertaining, to hold to them the said Oliver Phelps, Isaac Bronson and Horatio Jones, their heirs and assigns, to the only proper use and behoof of them the said Oliver Phelps, Isaac Bronson and Horatio Jones their heirs and assigns forever.
In testimony whereof the said Commissioner, and the said parties have hereunto, and to two other instruments of the same tenor and date, one to remain with the United States, one to remain with the Seneca Nation of Indians, and one to remain with the said Oliver Phelps, Isaac Bronson and Horatio Jones, interchangeably set their hands and seals. Dated the 30th day of June in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and two. Con-nea-ti-u, Koe-en-lwah-ka, or Corn Planter, Won-don-goohk-ta, Te-kon-non-du, Te-ki-ain-dau, Sa-goo-yes Tou-yo-cau-na, or Blue Sky, Koy ing-quau-tah, or Young King, Soo-goo-ya-wau-tau, or Red Jacket, Ona-ya-woa, or Farmer’s Brother, Ka-oun-doo-wand, or Pollard, A u-wen-nan-sa.
Sealed and delivered in presence of Jno. Thomson. James W. Stevens. Israel Chapin. Jasper Parrish, Interpreter. To the Indian names are Bubjnined a mark and seal. Oct. 17, 1802 Treaty 7 Stat. 73 A PROVISIONAL CONVENTION Oct. 17, 1802.Proclamation, Jan. 20, 1803.*Entered into and made by brigadier general James Wilkinson, of the state of Maryland, commissioner for holding conferences with the Indians south of the Ohio river, in behalf of the United States, on the one part, and the whole Choctaw nation, by theirRatified Jan. 20, 1803. chiefs, head men, and principal warriors, on the other part.* *Preamble*.
For the mutual accommodation of the parties, and to perpetuate that concord and friendship, which so happily subsists between them, they do hereby freely, voluntarily, and without constraint, covenant and agree, Art. I. That the President of the United States may, at his discretion,Boundary line to be re-marked, &c. by a commissioner or commissioners, to be appointed by him, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, retrace, connect, and plainly remark the old line of limits, established by and between his Britanic majesty and the said Choctaw nation, which begins on the left bank of the Chickasawhay river and runs thence in an easterly direction to the right bank of the Tombigby river, terminating on the same, at a bluff well known by the name of Hach-a-Tig-geby, but it is to be clearly understood, that two commissioners, to be appointed by the said nation, from their own body, are to attend the commissioner or commissioners of the United States, who may be appointed to perform this service, for which purpose the said Choctaw nation shall be seasonably advised by the President of the United States, of the particular period at which the operation may be commenced, and the said Choctaw commissioners shall be subsisted by the United States, so long as they may be engaged on this businesss, and paid for their services, during the said term, at the rate of one dollar per day. 74 TREATY WITH THE DELAWARES, ETC. 1803.
Art. II. Title to lands released to U.S.The said line, when thus remarked and re-established, shall form the boundary between the United States and the said Choctaw nation, in that quarter, and the said Choctaw nation, For, and in consideration of one dollar, to them in hand paid by the said United States, the receipt whereof is hereby acknowledged, do hereby release to the said United States, and quit claim for ever, to all that tract of land which is included by the before named line on the north, by the Chickasaw hay river on the west, by the Tombigby and the Mobile rivers on the east, and by the boundary of the United States on the south.
Art. III. Alteration of old boundary.The chiefs, head men, and warriors, of the said Choctaw nation, do hereby constitute, authorise and appoint, the chiefs and head men of the upper towns of the said nation, to make such alteration in the old boundary line near the mouth of the Yazott river, as may be found convenient, and may be done without injury to the said nation. Art. IV. When to take effect.This convention shall take effect and become obligatory on the contracting parties as soon as the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall have ratified the same.
In testimony whereof, the parties have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, at Fort Confederation, on the Tombigby in the Choctaw country, this 17th day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and two, and of the independence of the United States the twenty-seventh. JAMES WILKINSON. *In behalf of the lower towns and Chickasawhay.* Tusk-ó-na Hoò-poi-o, Mingo Poos-koos, Mingo Poos-koos, 2d, Poosh a Mat-ta-haw. *In behalf of the upper towns.* Oak Chummy, Tuskee, Mai-a-by. *In behalf of the six towns and lower town.* Lat-al-a hòm-ah, Mook-la-hoo-soo poi-eh, Mingo, Hom, As-tubby, Tusk-a hdin-ah.
Witnesses Present:—Silas Dinsmore, Agent to the Choctaws. Peter H. Naisalis, John Long, Interpreters. John Pitchlynn, Turner Brashears. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. June 7, 1803 Treaty 7 Stat. 74 ARTICLES OF A TREATY June 7, 1803.Proclamation, Dec. 26, 1803.*Between the United States of America, and the Delawares, Shawanoes, Putawatimies, Miamies, Eel River, Weeas, Kickapoos, Piankashaws, and Kaskaskias nations of Indians.* Articles of a treaty made at Fort Wayne on the Miami of the Lake, between William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana territory, superintendent of Indian affairs and commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States for concluding any treaty or treaties which may be found necessary with any of the Indian tribes north west of the Ohio, of the one part, and the tribes of Indians called the Delawares, Shawanoes, Putawatimies, Miamies and Kickapoos, by their chiefs and head warriors, and those of the Eel river, Weeas, Piankashaws and Kaskas-75kias by their agents and representatives Tuthinipee, Winnemac, Richerville and Little Turtle (who are properly authorised by the said tribes) of the other part.
Article 1st. Whereas it is declared by the fourth article of theBoundaries of a tract reserved to the U. S. described.Ante, p. 51. treaty of Greenville, that the United States reserve for their use the post of St. Vincennes and all the lands adjacent to which the Indian titles had been extinguished : *And whereas*, it has been found difficult to determine the precise limits of the said tract as held by the French and British governments : it is hereby agreed, that the boundaries of the said tract shall he as follow :
Beginning at Point Coupee on the Wabash, and running thence by a line north seventy-eight degrees, west twelve miles, thence by a line parallel to the general course of the Wabash, until it shall be intersected by a line at right angles to the same, passing through the mouth of White river, thence by the last mentioned line across the Wabash and towards the Ohio, seventy-two miles, thence by a line north twelve degrees west, until it shall be intersected by a line at right angles to the same, passing through Point Coupee, and by the last mentioned line to the place of beginning.
Art. 2d. The United States hereby relinquish all claim which theyU. S. give up all claim to adjoining lands. may have had to any lands adjoining to or in the neighbourhood of the tract above described. Art. 3d. As a mark of their regard and attachment to the UnitedSalt spring, &c. ceded to U. S. States, whom they acknowledge for their only friends and protectors, and for the consideration herein after mentioned, the said tribes do hereby relinquish and cede to the United States the great salt spring upon the Saline creek which falls into the Ohio below the mouth of the Wabash, with a quantity of land surrounding it, not exceeding four miles square, and which may be laid off in a square or oblong as the one or the other may be found most convenient to the United States :
And the said United States being desirous that the Indian tribes shouldU. S. engage to deliver for the use of the Indians a certain quantity of salt yearly. participate in the benefits to be derived from the said spring, hereby engage to deliver yearly and every year for the use of the said Indians, a quantity of salt not exceeding one hundred and fifty bushels, and which shall be divided among the several tribes in such manner as the general council of the chiefs may determine.
Art. 4th. For the considerations before mentioned and for the convenienceGrant to U. S. of sites for three houses of entertainment. which the said tribes will themselves derive from such establishments it is hereby agreed that as soon as the tribes called the Kickapoos, Eel River, Weeas, Piankashaws and Kaskaskias shall give their consent to the measure, the United States shall have the right of locating three tracts of lands (of such size as may be agreed upon with the last mentioned tribes) on the main road between Vincennes and Kaskaskias, and one other between Vincennes and Clarksville for the purpose of erecting houses of entertainment for the accommodation of travellers.
But it is expressly understood that if the said locations are made on any of the rivers, which cross the said road, and ferries should be established on the same, that in times of high water any Indian or Indians belonging to either of the tribes who are parties to this treaty shall have the privilege of crossing such ferry toll free. Art. 5th. Whereas there is reason to believe that if the boundaryProvision for future alterations of the boundary. lines of the tract described .in the first article should be run in the manner therein directed, that some of the settlements and locations of land made by the citizens of the United States will fall in the Indian country—It is hereby agreed that such alterations shall be made in the direction of these lines as will include them ; and a quantity of land76 equal in quantity to what may be thus taken shall be given to the said tribes either at the east or the west end of the tract.
In testimony whereof, The commissioner of the United States and the chiefs and warriors of the Delawares, Shawanoes, Putawatimies, Miamies and Kickapoos, and those of the Eel River, Weeas, Piankashaws, and Kaskaskias, by their agents and representatives, Tuthinipee, Winnemac, Richerville, and the Little Turtle, who are properly authorised by the said tribes, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals at Fort Wayne, this seventh day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and three, and of the independence of the United States, the twentyseventh.
WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. *Miamies*. Richerville, Me-sho-kun-nogh-quoh, (o Little Turtle.) } On behalf of themselves and Eel River, Weeas, Piankashaws and Kaskaskias, whom they represent. *Kickapoos.* Nah-mah-to-hah, (or Standing,) Pas-she-wo-hah, (or Cat.) *Shawanaese*. Neahnemsiceh. *Putawatimies*. Tuthinipee, Winnemac. } On behalf of the Putawatimies and Eel River, Weeas, Piankashaws and Kaskaskias, whom they represent. Wannangsea or Five Meddals, Kee-saas, (or Sun.) *Delawares*.
Teta Buxike, Bu-kon-ige-helas, Hockingpomskenn, Kechkawhanund. *Shawanoese*. Cu-the-we-ka-saw, or Black Hoof, Melbawnasice, Signed, sealed and delivered in the presence of, Jno. Rice Jones, Secretary to the Commissioner, Jno. Gibsnn, Secretary Indiana Territory. Tho. Pasteur, Capt, first regt. Infantry. William Wells, Interpreter. Jno. Johnston, U. S. Factor. Hendrick Aupaumut, Chief of Muhbecon. Thomas Freeman. The proceedings at the within treaty were faithfully interpreted by us, John Gibson and William Wells; that is, for the Delawares, John Gibson, and for the rest of the tribes, William Wells.
JOHN GIBSON, WILLIAM WELLS. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. August 7, 1803 Treaty 7 Stat. 77 AT A COUNCIL Aug. 7, 1803.Proclamation, Dec. 23, 1803.*Holden at Vincennes on the seventh day of August, one thousand eight hundred and three, under the direction of William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana territory, superintendant of Indian affairs, and commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States for concluding any treaty or treaties which may be found necessary with any of the Indian nations north west of the river Ohio, at which were present the chiefs and warriors of the Eel River, Wyandot, Piankashaws and Kaskaskia nations, and also the tribe of the Kikapoes, by their representatives, the chiefs of the Eel River nation.* The fourth article of the treaty holden and concluded at Fort Wayne,Right given to U.S. of locating certain land.Ante, p. 74. on the seventh day of June, one thousand eight-hundred and three, being considered, the chief’s and warriors of the said nations give their free and full consent to the same, and they do hereby relinquish and confirm to the United States the privilege and right of locating three several tracts of land of one mile square each, on the road leading from Vincennes to Kaskaskia, and also one other tract of land of one mile square on the road leading from Vincennes to Clarksville ; which locations shall be made in such places on the aforesaid roads as shall best comport with the convenience and interest of the United States in the establishment of houses of entertainment for the accommodation of travellers.
In witness whereof, The said William Henry Harrison, and the said chiefs and warriors of the before mentioned nations and tribe of Indians, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals the day and year first above written. WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. Ke Tanga or Charly, Akeketa or Ploughman, Puppegnon or Gun, La Boussier, Saconguaneva or Tired Legs, Little Eyes, Grosble or Big Corn, Black Dog, Ducoigne, Pedagogue, Signed, sealed and delivered in the presence of us, Jno. Rico Jones, B.
Parker, Joseph Barron, Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 77 August 13, 1803 Treaty 7 Stat. 78 A TREATY Aug. 13, 1803.Proclamation, Dec. 23, 1803.*Between the United States of America and the Kaskaskia Tribe of Indians.* Articles of a treaty made at Vincennes in the Indiana territory, between William Henry Harrison, governor of the said territory, superintendent of Indian affairs and commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States for concluding any treaty or treaties which may be found necessary with any of the Indian tribes north west of the river Ohio of the one part, and the head chiefs and warriors of the Kaskaskia tribe of Indians so called, but which tribe is the remains and rightfully represent all the tribes of the Illinois Indians, originally called the Kaskaskia, Mitchigamia, Cahokia and Tamaroi of the other part :
Article 1st. Whereas from a variety of unfortunate circumstances the several tribes of Illinois Indians are reduced to a very small number, the remains of which have been long consolidated and known by the name of the KaskasKa tribe, and finding themselves unable to occupy the extensive tract of country which of right belongs to them and which was possessed by their ancestors for many generations, the chiefs and warriors of the said tribe being also desirous of procuring the means of improvement in the arts of civilized life, and a more certain and effectual support for their women and children, have, for the considerations Cession to the United States.hereinafter mentioned, relinquished and by these presents do relinquish and cede to the United States all the lands in the Illinois country, which the said tribe has heretofore possessed, or which they may rightfully claim, reserving to themselves however the tract of about three hundred and fifty acres near the town of Kaskaskia, which they have always held and which was secured to them by the act of Congress of the third day of March, one thousand seven hundred and ninety-one, and also the right of locating one other tract of twelve hundred and eighty acres within the bounds of that now ceded, which two tracts of land shall remain to them forever.
Art. 2d. U. S. to take the Kaskaskias under their protection, &c.The United States will take the Kaskaskia tribe under their immediate care and patronage, and will afford them a protection as effectual against the other Indian tribes and against all other persons whatever as is enjoyed by their own citizens. And the said Kaskaskia tribe do hereby engage to refrain from making war or giving any insult or offence to any other Indian tribe or to any foreign nation, without having first obtained the approbation and consent of the United States.
Art. 3d. Former annuity to be increased how to be paid.The annuity heretofore given by the United States to the said tribe shall be increased to one thousand dollars, which is to be paid to them either in money, merchandize, provisions or domestic animals, at the option of the said tribe : and when the said annuity or any part thereof is paid in merchandize, it is to be delivered to them either at Vincennes, Fort .Massac or Kaskaskia, and the first cost of the goods in the sea-port where they may be procured is alone to be charged to the said tribe free from the cost of transportation, or any other contingent expence.
Whenever the said tribe may choose to receive money, A house for the chief to be built, and a field for the tribe to be enclosed.provisions or domestic animals for the whole or in part of the said annuity, the same shall be delivered at the town of Kaskaskia. The United States will also cause to be built a house suitable for the accommodation of the chief of the said tribe, and will enclose for their use a78TREATY WITH THE KASKASKIAS. 1803. 79 field not exceeding one hundred acres with a good and sufficient fence. *And whereas*, The greater part of the said tribe have been baptised and received into the Catholic church to which they are much attached, the United States will give annually for seven years one hundred dollarsAnnual sum to be paid to a catholic priest, &c.A sum to be given by U.
S. for erecting a church. towards the support of a priest of that religion, who will engage to perform for the said tribe the duties of his office and also to instruct as many of their children as possible in the rudiments of literature. And the United States will further give the sum of three hundred dollars to assist the said tribe in the erection of a church. The stipulations made in this and the preceding article, together with the sum of five hundred and eighty dollars, which is now paid or assured to be paid for the said tribe for the purpose of procuring some necessary articles, and to relieve them from debts which they have heretofore contracted, is considered as a full and ample compensation for the relinquishment made to the United States in the first article.
Art. 4th. The United States reserve to themselves the right at anyRight of dividing annuity reserved to U. S. future period of dividing the annuity now promised to the said tribe amongst the several families thereof, reserving always a suitable sum for the great chief and his family. Art. 5th. And to the end that the United States may be enabled to fix with the other Indian tribes a boundary between their respective claims, the chiefs and head warriors of the said Kaskaskia tribe do hereby declare that their rightfull claim is as follows, viz—BeginningBoundaries fixed. at the confluence of the Ohio and the Mississippi, thence up the Ohio to the mouth of the Saline creek, about twelve miles below the mouth of the Wabash, thence along the dividing ridge between the said creek and the Wabash untill it comes to the general dividing ridge between the waters which fall into the Wabash, and those which fall into the Kaskaskia river; and thence along the said ridge untill it reaches the waters which fall into the Illinois river, thence in a direct course to the mouth of the Illinois river, and thence down the Mississippi to the beginning.
Art. 6th. As long as the lands which have been ceded by this treatyIndians may hunt, &c. on ceded lands. shall continue to be the property of the United States, the said tribe shall have the priviledge of living and hunting upon them in the same manner that they have hitherto done. Art. 7th. This treaty is to be in force and binding upon the saidWhen to take effect. parties, as soon as it shall be ratified by the President and Senate of the United States. In witness whereof, The said commissioner plenipotentiary and the head chiefs and warriors of the said Kaskaskia tribe of Indians have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, the thirteenth day of August in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and three, and of the independence of the United States the twenty-eighth.
WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. Jean Baptiste Ducoigne, Pedagouge, Nicolas or Nicholas, Ocksinga a Mitchigamian, Kee-tin-sa a Cahokian. LOUIS DECOUCIGNE. Sealed and delivered (the words “and thence along the said ridge” between the third and fourth lines of the fifth article being first interlined) in the presence of Jno. Rico Jones, Secretary to the Commissioner. Henry Vanderburg, one of the Judges of the Indiana Territory. T. F. Rivet, Indian Missionary. Vigo, Colonel of Knox county Militia.
Cornelius Lyman, Capt. 1st inft. regt. Jas. Johnson, of Indiana Territory. B. Parker, of the Indiana Territory. Joseph Barron, Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. August 31, 1803 Treaty 7 Stat. 80 TO WHOM THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, Aug. 31, 1803..Proclamation, Dec. 26, 1803.Know ye, That the undersigned, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America, of the one part, and of the whole Choctaw nation of the other part, being duly authorised by the President of the United States, and by the chiefs and headmen of the said nation, do hereby establish in conformity to the convention of Fort Confederation, for the line of demarkation recognized in the said convention, the following metes and bounds, viz. :
Beginning in the channel of the Hatchec Comesa, or Wax river, at the point where the line of limits, between the United States and Spain crosseth the same, thence up the channel of said river to the confluence of the Chickasaw-Hay and Buckhatannee rivers, thence up the channel of the Buckhataunee to Bogue Hooma or Red creek, thence up the said creek to a Pine tree standing on the left bank of the same, and blazed on two of its sides, about twelve links southwest of an old trading path, leading from the town of Mobile to the Hewanee towns, much worn, but not in use at the present time:—From this tree we find the following bearings and distances, viz. : south fifty four degrees thirty minutes, west, one chain, one link a black gum, north thirty nine degrees east one chain seventy five links a water oak; thence with the old British hue of partition in its various inflections, to a Mulberry post, planted on the right bank of the main branch of Sintce Bogue or Snake creek, where it makes a sharp turn to the south east, a large broken top Cypress-tree standing near the opposite bank of the creek, which is about three poles wide, thence down the said creek to the Tombigby river, thence down the Tombigby and Mobile rivers, to the above mentioned line of limits between the United States and Spain, and with the same to the point of beginning :
And we, the said commissioners plenipotentiary, do ratify and confirm the said line of demarkation, and do recognise and acknowledge the same to be the boundary which shall separate and distinguish the land ceded to the United States, between the Tombigby, Mobile and Pascagola rivers, from that which has not been ceded by the said Choctaw nation. In testimony whereof, We hereunto affix our hands and seals, this 31st day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and three, to triplicates of this tenor and date.
Done at Hoe Buckintoopa, the day and year above written, and in the twenty-seventh year of the independence of the United States. JAMES WILKINSON. Mingo Poo Coos, Alatala Hooma. Witnesses present:—Young Gains, Interpreter. Joseph Chambers, United States’ Factor. Jno. Bowyor, Copt. 2d. U. S. regt. We the commissioners of the Choctaw nation duly appointed and the chiefs of the said nation who reside on the Tombigby river, next to Sintee Bogue, do acknowledge to have received from the United States of America, by the hands of Brigadier General James Wilkinson, as a consideration in full for the confirmation of the above concession, the following articles, viz. : fifteen pieces of strouds, three rifles, one hun-80TREATY WITH THE DELAWARES. 1804.81dred and fifty blankets, two hundred and fifty pounds of powder, two hundred and fifty pounds of lead, one bridle, one man’s saddle, and one black silk handkerchief.
Mingo Poos Coos, Alatala Hooma, Commissioners of the Chactaw nation. Pio Mingo, Posa Mastubby Mingo, Tappena Oakchia, Tuskenung, Coo, Che, Cus-soo-nuck-chis, Pusha-pis, Chiefs residing on the Tombigby, near to St. Stephens. Witnesses present:—Young Gains, Interpreter. Joseph Chambers. U. S. Factor. Jno. Bowyer, Capl. 3d. U. States regt. To the Indian names are auhjeieett a mark and seal. August 18, 1804 Treaty 7 Stat. 81 A TREATY Aug. 18, 1804.Proclamation, Feb. 14, 1805.*Between the United States of America and the Delaware tribe of Indians.* The Delaware tribe of Indians finding that the annuity which theyRatified Jan. 21, 1805. receive from the United States, is not sufficient to supply them with the articles which are necessary for their comfort and convenience, and afford the means of introducing amongst them the arts of civilised life, and being convinced that the extensiveness of the country they possess, by giving an opportunity to their hunting parties to ramble to a great distance from their towns, is the principal means of retarding this desirable event ; and the United States being desirous to connect their settlements on the Wabash with the state of Kentucky : therefore the said United States, by William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana territory, superintendent of Indian affairs, and their commissioner plenipotentiary for treating with the Indian tribes northwest of the Ohio river; and the said tribe of Indians, by their sachems, chiefs, and head warriors, have agreed to the following articles, which when ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall be binding on the said parties.
Article 1. The said Delaware tribe, for the considerations hereinafterCession to the United States. mentioned, relinquishes to the United States forever, all their right and title to the tract of country which lies between the Ohio and Wabash rivers, and below the tract ceded by the treaty of Fort Wayne, and the road leading from Vincennes to the falls of Ohio. Art. 2. The said tribe shall receive from the United States for tenAdditional an annuity to be paid to the Delawares.Provision for teaching them agricultural and domestic arts, &c. years, an additional annuity of three hundred dollars, which is to be exclusively appropriated to the purpose of ameliorating their condition and promoting their civilization.
Suitable persons shall be employed at the expence of the United States to teach them to make fences, cultivate the earth, and such of the domestic arts as are adapted to their situation; and a further sum of three hundred dollars shall be appropriated annually for five years to this object. The United States will cause to be delivered to them in the course of the next spring, horses fit for draft, cattle, hogs and implements of husbandry to the amount of four hundred dollars.
The preceding stipulations together with goodsPreceding stipulations, now to bo considered. to the amount of eight hundred dollars which is now delivered to the said tribe, (a part of which is to be appropriated to the satisfying certain individuals of the said tribe, whose horses have been taken by white82 people) is to be considered as full compensation for the relinquishment made in the first article. Art. 3. Stolen horses to be restored.As there is great reason to believe that there are now in the possession of the said tribe, several horses which have been stolen from citizens of the United States, the chiefs who represent the said tribe are to use their utmost endeavors to have the said horses forthwith delivered to the superintendent of Indian affairs or such persons as be may appoint to receive them.
And as the United States can place the utmost reliance on the honour and integrity of those chiefs who have manifested a punctilious regard to the engagements entered into at the treaty of Grenville, it is agreed that in relation to such of the horses stolen as aforesaid, but which have died or been removed beyond the reach of the chiefs, the United States will compensate the owners for the loss of them without deducting from the annuity of the said tribe the amount of what may be paid in this way.
But it is expressly understood that this provision is not to extend to any horses which have been stolen within the course of twelve months preceding the date hereof. Art. 4. Right of the Delawares to lands, &c.The said tribe having exhibited to the above-named commissioner of the United States sufficient proof of their right to all the country which lies between the Ohio and White river, and the Miami tribe who were the original proprietors of the upper part of that country having explicitly acknowledged the title of the Delawares at the general council held at Fort Wayne in the month of June 1803, the said United States will in future consider the Delawares as the rightful owners of ail the country which is bounded by the white river on the north, the Ohio on the south, the general boundary line running from the mouth of the Kentucky river on the east, and the tract ceded by this treaty, and that ceded by the treaty of Fort Wayne, on the west and south west.
Art. 5. Stipulation that the U. S. will treat with the Piankeshaws for an acknowledgment of the title of the Delawares, &c.As the Piankishaw tribe have hitherto obstinately persisted in refusing to recognize the title of the Delawares to the tract of country ceded by this treaty, the United States will negociate with them and will endeavor to settle the matter, in an amicable way; but should they reject the propositions that may be made to them on this subject, and should the United States not think proper to take possession of the said country without their consent; the stipulations and promises herein made on behalf of the United States, shall be null and void.
Art. 6. Boundaries, &c.As the road from Vincennes to Clark’s grant will form a very inconvenient boundery, and as it is the intention of the parties to these presents that the whole of the said road shall be within the tract ceded to the United States, it is agreed that the boundary in that quarter shall be a straight line to be drawn parallel to the course of the said road from the eastern boundary of the tracts ceded by the treaty of Fort Wayne to Clark’s grant; but the said line is not to pass at a greater distance than half a mile from the most northerly bend of said road.
In witness whereof the commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States, and the chiefs and head men of the said tribe have hereunto set their hands, and affixed their seals. Done at Vincennes the eighteenth day of August, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and four; and of the independence of the United States, the twenty-ninth. (Signed). WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. TREATY WITH THE PIANKESIIAWS. 1804. 83 Tela Buxika, Bokongekelas, Alhnee, or Geo. White Eyes, Hocking Pomskann, Tomaquee, or the Beaver.
Signed, sealed and delivered in the presence of Jno. Gibson, Secretary to the Com-missioner. Henry Vanderburgh, one of the Judges of the Indiana Territory. Vigo, Colonel of Knox County I. T. Militia. B. Parker, Attorney General of the Indiana Territory. Jno. Rice Jones, of the Indiana Territory. Robert Buntin, Prothonotary of Knox County, Indiana Territory. Geo. Wallace, Jun. of the Indiana Territory. Antoine Marchal, of I. T. Joseph Barron, interpreter. Edw’d. Hempstead, Attorney at law.
I do certify that each and every article of the foregoing treaty was carefully explained and precisely interpreted by me to the Delaware chiefs who have signed the same. (Signed) JOHN GIBSON. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. August 27, 1804 Treaty 7 Stat. 83 A TREATY Aug. 27, 1804.Proclamation, Feb. 6, 1805.*Between the United States of America, and the Piankeshaw tribe of Indians.* The President of the United States, by William Henry Harrison,Ratified Jan. 21, 1805.
Governor of the Indiana territory, superintendent of Indian affairs; and commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States, for concluding any treaty or treaties which may be found necessary with any of the Indian tribes north west of the river Ohio ; and the chiefs and head men of the Pianheshaw tribe, have agreed to the following articles, which when ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall be binding upon the said parties.
Article 1. The Piankeshaw tribe relinquishes, and cedes to theCession of land to the U. S. United States for ever, all that tract of country which lies between the Ohio and Wabash rivers, and below Clark’s grant; and the tract called the Vincennes tract, which was ceded by the treaty of Fort Wayne, and a line connecting the said tract and grant, to be drawn parallel to the general course of the road leading from Vincennes to the falls of the Ohio, so as not to pass more than half a mile to the northward of the most northerly bend of said road.
Article 2. The Piankeshaw tribe acknowledges explicitly the rightAcknowledgment of the right of the Kaskaskias to sell certain land. of the Kaskaskia tribe to sell the country which they have lately ceded to the United States, and which is seperated from the lands of the Piankeshaws by the ridge or high land which divides the waters of the Wabash from the waters of the Saline creek; and by that which divides the waters of the said Wabash from those which flow into the Au-vase and other branches of the Mississippi.
Article 3. An additional annuity of two hundred dollars shall beAdditional annuity to be paid to the Piankeshaws for ten years. paid by the United States to the said tribe for ten years, in money, merchandize, provisions, or domestic animals, and implements of husbandry, at the option of the said tribe; and this annuity, together with goods to the value of seven hundred dollars, which are now delivered to them by the commissioner of the United States, is considered as a full compensation for the above-mentioned relinquishment.
Article 4. The United States reserve to themselves the right of84TREATY WITH THE SACS AND FOXES. 1804. Right reserved to U.S. of dividing the annuity, &c.dividing the whole annuity which they pay to the said tribe amongst the families which compose the same; allowing always a due proportion for the chiefs: And the said chiefs whenever the President of tile United States may require it, shall, upon proper notice being given, assemble their tribe, for the purpose of effecting this arrangement.
In witness whereof, The commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States, and the chiefs and head men of the said tribe have hereunto set their hands, and affixed their seals. Done at Vincennes in the. Indiana territory, the twenty-seventh day of August, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and four; and of the independence of the United States, the twenty-ninth. (Signed) WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. Wabochquinkejacroble, or Big Corn, Swekania, Troisfesse, or Three Thighs, Makatewclama, Chien Noir, or Black Dog, Alemoin Le Chien, or the Dog, Kekelanquiagot, or Lightning.
Signed, sealed, and delivered, in presence of Jno. Gibson, Secretary to the Commissioner. John Griffin, one of the Judges of the Indiana Territory. Henry Vanderburgh, one of the Judges of the Indiana Territory. B. Parker, Attorney General of the Ty. of Indiana. Wm. Prince, Sheriff of Knox County, Indiana Territory. Geo. Wallace, Jour., of the Indiana Territory. Peter Jones, of Knox County, Indiana Territory. Edward Hempstead, Attorney at Law, Indiana Territory. Abm. F. Snapp.
Joseph Barron, Interpreter. I do certify that each and every article of the foregoing treaty was carefully explained and precisely interpreted by me to the Piankeshaw chiefs who have signed the same. (Signed) JOSEPH BARRON, Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. November 3, 1804 Treaty 7 Stat. 84 A TREATY Nov. 3, 1804.Proclamation, Feb. 21, 1805.*Between the United States of America and the United tribes of Sac and Fox Indians.* Ratified Jan. 25, 1805.Articles of a treaty made at St.
Louis in the district of Louisiana between William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana territory and of the district of Louisiana, superintendant of Indian affairs for the said territory and district, and commissioner plenepotentiary of the United States for concluding any treaty or treaties which may be found necessary with any of the north western tribes of Indians of the one part, and the chiefs and head men of the united Sac and Fox tribes of the other part. Article 1.
Indians taken under protection of U. S.The United States receive the united Sac and Fox tribes into their friendship and protection, and the said tribes agree to consider themselves under the protection of the United States, and of no other power whatsoever. Art. 2. Boundaries.The general boundary line between the lands of the United States and of the said Indian tribes shall be as follows, to wit: Beginning at a point on the Missouri river opposite to the mouth of the Gasconade river ; thence in a direct course so as to strike the river Jeffreon at the distance of thirty miles from its mouth, and down the said Jeffreon to the Mississippi, thence up the Mississippi to the month of the Ouisconsing river85 and up the same to a point which shall be thirty-six miles in a direct line from the mouth of the said river, thence by a direct line to the point where the Fox river (a branch of the Illinois) leaves the small lake called Sakaegan, thence down the Fox river to the Illinois river, and down the same to the Mississippi.
And the said tribes, for and in consideration of the friendship and protection of the United States which is now extended to them, of the goods (to the value of two thousand two hundred and thirty-four dollars and fifty cents) which are now delivered, and of the annuity hereinafter stipulated to be paid, do hereby cede and relinquish forever to the United States, all the lands included within the above-discribed boundary. Art. 3. In consideration of the cession and relinquishment of landGoods to be delivered to the Indian tribes at St.
Louis every year. made in the preceding article, the United States will deliver to the said tribes at the town of St. Louis or some other convenient place on the Mississippi yearly and every year goods suited to the circumstances of the Indians of the value of one thousand dollars (six hundred of which are intended for the Sacs and four hundred for the Foxes) reckoning that value at the first cost of the goods in the city or place in the United States where they shall be procured.
And if the said tribes shall hereafter at an annual delivery of the goods aforesaid, desire that a part of their annuity should be furnished in domestic animals, implements of husbandry and other utensils convenient for them, or in compensation to useful artificers who may reside with or near them, and be employed for their benefit, the same shall at the subsequent annual delivery be furnished accordingly. Art. 4. The United States will never interrupt the said tribes in theIndians to be secured in their possessions, &c. possession of the lands which they rightfully claim, but will on the contrary protect them in the quiet enjoyment of the same against their own citizens and against all other white persons who may intrude upon them.
And the said tribes do hereby engage that they will never sell their lands or any part thereof to any sovereign power, but the United States, nor to the citizens or subjects of any other sovereign power, nor to the citizens of the United States. Art. 5. Lest the friendship which is now established between theRetaliation restrained.Offenders on both sides to be apprehended and punished. United States and the said Indian tribes should be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, it is hereby agreed that for injuries done by individuals no private revenge or retaliation shall take place, but, instead thereof, complaints shall be made by the party injured to the other—by the said tribes or either of them to the superintendant of Indian affairs or one of his deputies, and by the superintendant or other person appointed by the President, to the chiefs of the said tribes.
And it shall be the duty of the said chiefs upon complaint being made as aforesaid to deliver up the person or persons against whom the complaint is made, to the end that he or they may be punished agreeably to the laws of the state or territory where the offence may have been committed ; and in like manner if any robery, violence or murder shall be committed on any Indian or Indians belonging to the said tribes or either of them, the person or persons so offending shall be tried, and if found guilty, punished in the like manner as if the injury had been done to a white man, And it is further agreed, that the chiefs of the said tribes shall, to theStolen horses to be restored to the proper owner. utmost of their power exert themselves to recover horses or other property which may be stolen from any citizen or citizens of the United States by any individual or individuals of their tribes, and the property so recovered shall be forthwith delivered to the superintendant or other person authorised to receive it, that it may be restored to the proper owner ; and in cases where the exertions of the chiefs shall be ineffectual in recovering the property stolen as aforesaid, if sufficient proof can be86 obtained that such property was actually stolen by any Indian or Indians belonging to the said tribes or either of them, the United States may deduct from the annuity of the said tribes a sum equal to the value of the property which has been stolen.
And the United States hereby guarantee to any Indian or Indians of the said tribes a full indemnification for any horses or other property which may be stolen from them by any of their citizens ; provided that the property so stolen cannot be recovered and that sufficient proof is produced that it was actually stolen by a citizen of the United States. Art. 6. Intruders on Indian lands to be removed.If any citizen of the United States or other white person should form a settlement upon lands which are the property of the Sac and Fox tribes, upon complaint being made thereof to the superintendant or other person having charge of the affairs of the Indians, such intruder shall forthwith be removed.
Art. 7. Indians may hunt on lands ceded to U. S.As long as the lands which are now ceded to the United States remain their property, the Indians belonging to the said tribes, shall enjoy the priviledge of living and hunting upon them. Art. 8. None but authorized traders to reside among the Saukes and and Foxes.As the laws of the United States regulating trade and intercourse with the Indian tribes, are already extended to the country inhabited by the Saukes and Foxes, and as it is provided by those laws that no person shall reside as a trader in the Indian country without a license under the hand [and] seal of the superintendant of Indian affairs, or other person appointed for the purpose by the President, the said tribes do promise and agree that they will not suffer any trader to reside amongst them without such license ; and that they will from time to time give notice to the superintendant or to the agent for their tribes of all the traders that may be in their country.
Art. 9. Trading house or factory to be established.In order to put a stop to the abuses and impositions which are practiced upon the said tribes by the private traders, the United States will at a convenient time establish a trading house or factory where the individuals of the said tribes can be supplied with goods at a more reasonable rate than they have been accustomed to procure them. Art. 10. Peace to be made between certain tribes under the direction of U. S.In order to evince the sincerity of their friendship and affection for the United States and a respectful deference for their advice by an act which will not only be acceptable to them but to the common Father of all the nations of the earth; the said tribes do hereby solemnly promise and agree that they will put an end to the bloody war which has heretofore raged between their tribes and those of the Great and Little Osages.
And for the purpose of burying the tomahawk and renewing the friendly intercourse between themselves and the Osages, a meeting of their respective chiefs shall take place, at which under the direction of the above-named commissioner or the agent of Indian affairs residing at St. Louis, an adjustment of all their differencies shall be made and peace established upon a firm and lasting basis. Art. 11. Cession of land for the establishment of a military post.As it is probable that the government of the United States will establish a military post at or near the mouth of the Ouisconsing river; and as the land on the lower side of the river may not be suitable for Traders, &c. to be free from any toll or exaction.that purpose, the said tribes hereby agree that a fort may be built either on the upper side of the Ouisconsing or on the right bank of the Mississippi, as the one or the other maybe found most convenient; and a tract of land not exceeding two miles square shall be given for that purpose.
And the said tribes do further agree, that they will at all times allow to traders and other persons travelling through their country under the authority of the United States a free and safe passage for themselves and their property of every discription. And that for suchTREATY WITH THE WYANDOTS, ETC. 1805.87 passage they shall at no time and on no account whatever be subject to any toll or exaction. Art. 12. This treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contractingTreaty, when to take effect. parties as soon as the same shall have been ratified by the President by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States.
In testimony whereof, The said William Henry Harrison, and the chiefs and head men of the said Sac and Fox tribes have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals. Done at Saint Louis, in the district of Louisiana, on the third day of November, one thousand eight hundred and four; and of the independence of the United States, the twenty-ninth. (Signed) WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, Layouvois, or Laiyuwa, Pashepaho, or the Giger, Quasliquame, orJumping Fish, Outchequaha, or Sun Fish, Hahshequaxhigua, or the Bear.
In presence of (the words “a branch of the Illinois,” in the third line of the second article, and the word “forever,” in the fifth line of the came article, being first interlined,) Win. Prince, Secretary to the Commissioner. John Griffin, one of the Judges of the Indiana Territory. J. Bruffi Major Art’ry U. S. Amos Stoddard, Capt. corps of Artillerists. P. Chouteau, Agent de la Traité Louisiaina pour le Départemant, Tannage. Ch. Gratiot, Aug. Chouteau. Vigo. S. Warrell, Lt.
U. S. Artillery. D. Delaunay. Sworn Interpreters, Joseph Barron, Hypolite Bolon. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. ADDITIONAL ARTICLE. It is agreed that nothing in this treaty contained, shall affect the claim of any individual or individuals who may have obtained grants of land from the Spanish government, and which are not included within the general boundary line laid down in this treaty, provided that such grant have at any time been made known to the said tribes and recognized by them.
July 4, 1805 Treaty 7 Stat. 87 A TREATY July 4, 1805.Proclamation, April 24, 1806.*Between the United States of America, and the sachems, chiefs, and warriors of the Wyandot, Ottawa, Chipawa, Munsee and Delaware, Shawanee, and Pottawatima nations, holden at Fort Industry, on the Miami of the lake, on the fourth day of July, Anno Domini, one thousand eight hundred and five.* Article I. The said Indian nations do again acknowledge themselvesIndians acknowledge protection of U. S. and all their tribes, to be in friendship with, and under the protection of the United States.
Art. II. The boundary line between the United States, and the nationsBoundary line established. aforesaid, shall in future be a meridian line drawn north and south, through a boundary to be erected on the south shore of lake Erie, one hundred and twenty miles due west of the west boundary line of the state of Pennsylvania, extending north until! it intersects the boundary88 line of the United States, and extending south it intersects a line heretofore established by the treaty of Grenville.
Art. III. Cession from the Indians.The Indian nations aforesaid, for the consideration of friendship to the United States, and the sums of money hereinafter mentioned, to be paid annually to the Wyandot, Shawanee, Munsce and Delaware nations, have ceded and do hereby cede and relinquish to said United States for ever, all the lands belonging to said United States, lying east of the aforesaid line, bounded southerly and easterly by the line establishe’d by said treaty of Grenville, and northerly by the northernmost part of the forty first degree of north latitude.
Art. IV. Annuity stipulated to be paid by the U. S.The United States, to preserve harmony, manifest their liberality, and in consideration of the cession made in the preceding article, will, every year forever hereafter, at Detroit, or some other convenient place, pay and deliver to the Wyandot, Munsee, and Delaware nations, and those of the Shawanee and Seneca nations who reside with the Wyandots, the sum of eight hundred and twenty five dollars, current money of the United States, and the further sum of one hundred and seventy five dollars, making in the whole an annuity of one thousand dollars; which last sum of one hundred and seventy five dollars, has been secured to the President, in trust for said nations, by the Connecticut land company, and by the company incorporated by the name of “the proprietors of the half million acres of land lying south of lake’ Erie, called Sufferer’s Land,” payable annually as aforesaid, and to be divided between said nations, from time to time, in such proportions as said nations, with the approbation of the President, shall agree.
Art. V. Proportions to which the Indian tribes are entitled out of the purchase of die Connecticut land company, &c.To prevent all misunderstanding hereafter, it is to be expressly remembered, that the Ottawa and Chipawa nations, and such of the Pottawatima nation as reside on the river Huron of lake Erie, and in the neighbourhood thereof, have received from the Connecticut land company, and the company incorporated by the name of “the proprietors of the half million acres of land lying south of lake Erie, called Sufferer’s Land,” the sum of four thousand dollars in hand, and have secured to the President of the United States, in trust for them, the further sum of twelve thousand dollars, payable in six annual instalments of two thousand each; which several sums is the full amount of their proportion of the purchases effected by this treaty, and also by a treaty with said companies bearing even date herewith; which proportions were agreed on and concluded by the whole of said nations in their general council ; which several sums, together with two thousand nine hundred and sixteen dollars and sixty seven cents, secured to the President, to raise said sum of one hundred and seventy five dollars annuity as aforesaid, is the amount of the consideration paid by the agents of the Connecticut Reserve, for the cession of their lands.
Art. VI. Indians at liberty to fish and hunt in coded territories.The said Indian nations, parties to this treaty, shall be at liberty to fish and hunt within the territory and lands which they have now ceded to the United States, so long as they shall demean themselves peaceably. In witness whereof, Charles Jouett, esquire, a commissioner on the part of the United States, and the sachems, chiefs, and warriors of the Indian nations aforesaid, have hereto set their hands and seals.
CHARLES JOUETT. *Ottawa*. Nekick, or Little Otter, Kawachewan, or Eddy, Mechimcnduck, or Big Bowl, Aubaway, Ogonse, Sawgamaw, Tusqungan, or M’Garty, TREATY WITH THE CHICKASAWS. 1805. 89 Tondawganio, or the Dog, Ashawet. *Chippawa.* Macquettoquet, or Little Bear, Quitchonequil, or Big Cloud, Queounequetwabaw, Oscaguasanu, or Young Boy Monimack, or Cat Fish, Tonguish. *Potawalima.* Noname, Mogawh. *Wyanaots.* Tarhee, or the Crane, Miere, or Walk in Water, Thateyyanayoh, or Leather Lips, Harrowenyou, or Cherokee Boy, Tschauendah, Tahunehawetee, or Adam Brown, Shawrunthie. *Munsee and Delaware.* Puckconsittond, Pashmehelot, Pamoxet, or Armstrong, Pappellelond, or Beaver Hat. *Shawanee.* Weyapeirscawaw, or Blue Jacket, Cutheaweasaw, or Black Hoff, Auonasechla, or Civil Man, Isaac Peters.
Signed in presence of Wm. Dean, C. F. L. C. J. B. Mower. Jasper Parrish, Whitmore Knaggs, Wm. Walker, Interpreters. Israel Roland. E. Brush. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. July 23, 1805 Treaty 7 Stat. 89 ARTICLES July 23, 1805.Proclamation, May 23, 1807.Ratified May 22, 1807.*Of arrangement made and concluded in the Chickasaw country, between James Robertson and Silas Dinsmoor, commissioners of the United States of the one part, and the Mingo chiefs and warriors of the Chickasaw nation of Indians on the other part.* Art.
I. Whereas the Chickasaw nation of Indians have been forCession of territory to U. S. some time embarrassed by heavy debts due to their merchants and traders, and being destitute of funds to effect important improvements in their country, they have agreed and do hereby agree to cede to the United States, and forever quit claim to the tract of country included within the following bounds, to wit : beginning on the left bank of Ohio, at the point where the present Indian boundary adjoins the same, thence down the left bank of Ohio to the Tennessee river, thence up the main channel of the Tennessee river to the mouth of Duck river; thence up the left bank of Duck river to the Columbian highway or road leading from Nashville to Natchez, thence along the said road to the ridge dividing the waters running into Duck river from those running into Buffaloe river, thence eastwardly along the said ridge to the great ridge dividing the waters running into the main Tennessee river from those running into Buffalos river near the main source of Buffaloe river, thence in a direct line to the Great Tennessee river near the Chickasaw old fields or eastern point of the Chickasaw claim on that river ; thence northwardly to the great ridge dividing the waters running into the Tennessee from those running into Cumberland river, so as to include all the waters running into Elk river, thence along the top of the said great ridge to the place of beginning : reserving a tract of one mile square adjoining to, and below the mouth of Duck river on the Tennessee, for the use of the chief O’Koy or Tishumastubbee.
Art. II. The United States on their part, and in consideration ofConsideration for said grant. the above cession, agree to make the following payments, to wit: Twenty thousand dollars for the use of the nation at large, and for the payment of the debts due to their merchants and traders ; and to George90 Colbert and O’Koy two thousand dollars, that is, to each one thousand dollars. This sum is granted to them at the request of the national council for services rendered their nation, and is to be subject to their individual order, witnessed by the resident agent; also to Chinubbee Mingo, the king of the nation, an annuity of one hundred dollars, during his natural life, granted as a testimony of his personal worth and friendly disposition.
All the above payments are to be made in specie. Art. III. Commissioner to be appointed to ascertain the boundary.In order to preclude for ever all disputes relative to the boundary mentioned in the first section, it is hereby stipulated, that the same shall be ascertained and marked by a commissioner or commissioners on the part of the United States, accompanied by such person as the Chickasaws may choose, so soon as the Chickasaws shall have thirty days’ notice of the time and place, at which the operation is to commence : and the United States will pay the person appointed on the part of the Chickasaws two dollars per day during his actual attendance on that service.
Art. IV. No citizen of U. S. allowed to settle on said tract.It is hereby agreed on the part of the United States, that from and after the ratification of these articles, no settlement shall be made by any citizen, or permitted by the government of the United States, on that part of the present cession included between the present Indian boundary and the Tennessee, mid between the Ohio and a line drawn due north from the mouth of Bulfaloe to the ridge dividing the waters of Cumberland from those of the Tennessee river, to the term of three years.
Art. V. These articles to be considered as permanent additions to former treaties.The articles now stipulated will be considered as permanent additions to the treaties now in force between the contracting parties, as soon as they shall have been ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said United States. In witness of all and every thing herein determined, the parties have hereto interchangeably set their hands and seals, in the Chickasaw country, this twenty third day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and five, and of the independence of the United States of America the thirtieth.
JS. ROBERTSON, SILAS DINSMOOR. *Chiefs and Warriors.* Chinubbeo Mingo, the King George Colbert O’Koy, or Tishumastubbee Choomubbeo Mingo Mattaba E’Mallaha Meko William McGillivry Tisshoo Hooluhta Lewy Colbert Signed, sealed and interchanged in presence of Thomas Augustine Claiborne, Secretary to the Commissioners. Samuel Mitchell, U. S. Agent to the Chickasaw Nation. John McKee. R. Chamberlin, Second Lieut. Second Regt. Infantry, W. P. Anderson, of Tennessee, Malcom McGee, John Pitchlynn, Christopher 0-Leary, William Tyrrell, Sworn Interpreters To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal.
August 21, 1805 Treaty 7 Stat. 91 A TREATY Aug. 21, 1805.Proclamation, April 24, 1806.*Between the United States of America, and the tribes of Indians called the Delawares, Pottawatimies, Miames, Eel River, and Weas.* Articles of a treaty made and entered into, at Grouseland, near Vincennes, in the Indiana territory, by and between William Henry Harrison, governor of said territory, superintendant of Indian affairs, and commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States, for treating with the north western tribes of Indians, of the one part, and the tribes of Indians called the Delewares, Putawatimis, Miamis, Eel River, and Weas, jointly and severally by their chiefs and head men, of the other part.
Article I. Whereas, by the fourth article of a treaty made betweenDelawares relinquish their claim. the United States and the Delaware tribe, on the eighteenth day of August, eighteen hundred and four, the said United States engaged to consider the said Delewares as the proprietors of all that tract of countryAnte, p. 81. which is bounded by the White river on the north, the Ohio and Clark’s grant on the south, the general boundary line running from the mouth of Kentucky river on the east, and the tract ceded by the treaty of fort Wayne, and the road leading to Clark’s grant on the west and south west.
And whereas, the Miami tribes, from whom the Delawares derived their claim, contend that in their cession of said tract to the Delewares, it was never their intention to convey to them the right of the soil, but to suffer them to occupy it as long as they thought proper, the said Delewares have, for the sake of peace and good neighbourhood, determined to relinquish their claim to the said tract, and do by these presents release the United States from the guarantee made in the before-mentioned article of the treaty of August, eighteen hundred and four.
Art. II. The said Miami, Eel River, and Wea tribes, cede andCession of the Miamies, &c. relinquish to the United States forever, all that tract of country which lies to the south of a line to be drawn from the north east corner of the tract ceded by the treaty of fort Wayne, so as to strike the general boundary line, running from a point opposite to the mouth of the Kentucky river, to fort Recovery, at the distance of fifty miles from its commencement on the Ohio river. Art. III.
In consideration of tlie cession made in the precedingAn additional permanent annuity to be given to the Miamies, &c. article, the United States will give an additional permanent annuity to said Miamis, Eel River, and Wea tribes, in the following proportions, viz: to the Miamis, six hundred dollars; to the Eel River tribe, two hundred and fifty dollars; to the Weas, two hundred and fifty dollars; and also to the Putawatemies, an additional annuity of five hundred dollars, for ten years, and no longer ; which, together with the sum of four thousand dollars which is now delivered, the receipt whereof they do hereby acknowledge, is to be considered as a full compensation for the land now ceded.
Art. IV. As the tribes which are now called the Miamis, Eel River,Miamies, &c. determine not to part with any of their territory without the consent of all parlies. and Weas, were formerly and still consider themselves as one nation, and as they have determined that neither of these tribes shall dispose of any part of the country which they hold in common ; in order to quiet their minds on that head, the United States do hereby engage to 9192TREATY WITH THE DELAWARES, ETC. 1805. consider them as joint owners of all the country on the Wabash and its waters, above the Vincennes tract, and which has not been ceded to the United States, by this or any former treaty; and they do farther engage that they will not purchase any part of the said country without the consent of each of the said tribes. *Provided always*, That nothing in this section contained, shall in any manner weaken or destroy any claim which the Kickapoos, who are not represented at this treaty, may have to the country they now occupy on the Vermillion river.
Art. V. Putawatimies, &c. acknowledge the right of the Delawares to sell, &c.The Putawatimies, Miami, Eel River, and Wea tribes, explicitly acknowledge the right of the Delawares to sell the tract of land conveyed to the United States by the treaty’ of the eighteenth day of August, eighteen hundred and four, which tract was given by the Piankashaws to the Delawares, about thirty-seven years ago. Art. VI. Annuities, how to be paid.The annuities herein stipulated to be paid by the United States, shall be delivered in the same manner, and under the same conditions as those which the said tribes have heretofore received.
Art. VII. Treaty, when to lake effect.This treaty shall be in force and obligatory on the contracting parties as soon as the same shall have been ratified by the President, by, and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States. In testimony whereof, The said commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States, and the sachems, chiefs, and head men of the said tribes, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals. Done at Grouscland, near Vincennes, on the twenty-first day of August, in the year eighteen hundred and five ; and of the independence of the United States the thirtieth.
WM. H. HARRISON. *Delawares.* Hocking Pomskon, Kecklawhenund, or William Anderson, Allirae, or While Eyes, Tomague, or Beaver. *Pullawalimiea.* Topanepee, Lishahecon, Wenameck. *Miames.* Kakonweconner, or Long Legs, Missingguimeschan, or Owl, Wabsier, or White Skin, Mashckanochquah, or Little Turtle, Richardville. *Eel Eiver.* Waronceana, or Night Slander, Metausauner, or Sam, Archekatauh, or Earth. *Weas*. Assonnonquah, or Labossiere, Misquaconaqua, or Painted Pole, Ohequanah, or Little Eyes. *Delaware.* Missenewand, or Captain Bullet.
Done in the presence of, B. Parke, Secretary to the Commissioner. Jno. Gibson, Secretary Indiana Territory. John Griffin, a judge of the Indiana Territory. B. Chambers, President of the Council. Jesse B. Thomas, Speaker of the House of Representatives. Jno. Rice Jones, Sami : Gwathmcy, Pierre Menard, Members of the Legislative Council Indiana Territory. Davis Floyd, Sbadrack Bond, William Biggs, John Johnson, Members of the House of Representatives Indiana Territory. W. Wells, Agent of Indian Affairs.
Vigo, Colonel of Knox county militia. John Conner, Joseph Barrout, Sworn Interpreters. To the Indian namea are subjoined a mark and seal. ADDITIONAL ARTICLE. It is the intention of the contracting parties, that the boundary line herein directed to be run from the north east corner of the VincennesTREATY WITH THE CHEROKEES. 1805.93 tract to the boundary line running from the mouth of the Kentucky river, shall not cross the Embarras or Drift Wood fork of White river, but if it should strike the said fork, such an alteration in the direction of the said line is to be made, as will leave the whole of the said fork in the Indian territory.
October 25, 1805 Treaty 7 Stat. 93 ARTICLES OF A TREATY *Agreed upon between the United States of America, by their commissionersOct. 25, 1805.Proclamation, April 24, 1806. Return J. Meigs and Daniel Smith, appointed to hold conferences with the Cherokee Indians, for the purpose of arranging certain interesting matters with the said Cherokees, of the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and head men of the said nation, of the other part.* Article I. All former treaties, which provide for the maintenanceFormer treaties recognised. of peace and preventing of crimes, are on this occasion recognised and continued in force.
Art. II. The Cherokees quit claim and cede to the United States,Cession from the Cherokees. all the land which they have heretofore claimed, lying to the north of the following boundary line : beginning at the mouth of Duck river,Boundaries. running thence up the main stream of the same to the junction of the fork, at the head of which fort Nash stood, with the main south fork ; thence a direct course to a point on the Tennessee river bank opposite the mouth of Hiwassa river.
If the line from Hiwassa should leave out Field’s Settlement, it is to be marked round his improvement, and then continued the straight course; thence up the middle of the Tennessee river, (but leaving all the islands to the Cherokees,) to the mouth of Clinch river; thence up the Clinch river to the former boundary line agreed upon with the said Cherokees, reserving at the same time to the use of the Cherokees, a small tract lying at and below the mouth of Clinch river; from the mouth extending thence down the Tennessee river, from the mouth of Clinch to a notable rock on the north bank of the Tennessee, in view from South West Point; thence a course at right angles with the river, to the Cumberland road; thence eastwardly along the same, to the bank of Clinch river, so as to secure the ferry landing to the Cherokees up to the first hill, and down the same to the mouth thereof, together with two other sections of one square mile each, one of which is at the foot of Cumberland mountain, at and near the place where the turnpike gate now stands ; the other on the north bank of the Tennessee river, where the Cherokee Talootiske now lives.
And whereas, from the present cession made by the Cherokees, and other circumstances, the scite of the garrisons at South West Point and Tellico are become not the most convenient and suitable places for the accommodation of the said Indians, it may become expedient to remove the said garrisons and factory to some more suitable place ; three other square miles are reserved for the particular disposal of the United States on the north bank of the Tennessee, opposite to and below the mouth of Hiwassa.
Art. III. In consideration of die above cession and relinquishment,Payment for the above cession. the United States agree to pay immediately three thousand dollars in valuable merchandize, and eleven thousand dollars within ninety days after the ratification of this treaty, and also an annuity af three thou-94Part of said payment to be machines for agriculture, &c.sand dollars, the commencement of which is this day. But so much of the said eleven thousand dollars, as the said Cherokees may agree to accept in useful articles of, and machines for, agriculture and manufactures, shall be paid in those articles, at their option.
Art. IV. Citizens of U. S. to have the use of certain described roads.The citizens of the United States shall have the free and unmolested use and enjoyment of the two following described roads, in addition to those which are at present established through their country; one to proceed from some convenient place near the head of Stone’s river, and fall into the Georgia road at a suitable place towards the southern frontier of the Cherokees. The other to proceed from the neighbourhood of Franklin, on Big Harpath, and crossing the Tennessee at or near the Muscle Shoals, to pursue the nearest and best way to the settlements on the Tombigbee.
These roads shall be viewed and marked out by men appointed on each side for that purpose, in order that they may be directed the nearest and best ways, and the time of. doing the business the Cherokees shall be duly notified. Art. V. Treaty, when to take effect.This treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contracting parties, as soon as it is ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the same. In testimony whereof, the said commissioners, and the undersigned chiefs and head men of the Cherokees have hereto set their hands and seals.
Done at Tellico the twenty-fifth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and five. A reserve being made in the margin of the first column, to Dick Fields, for his improvement, and two interlineations being first made. RETURN J. MEIGS, DANL. SMITH. Fox, or Em, no, lee, Path-Kille or Ne, no, hut, la, he, Glass, or Tan, qua, tee, hee, Double Head, or Chuqualutauge, Dick Justice, Tounhull, or Too, nay, eh, Turtle at Home, or Sul, Il, coo, ahwa, la, Che, no, wee, Slava Boy, or Oo, sau, na, bee, Tal, lo ti, skee, Broom, or Cun, na, wee, so, skee, John Greenwood, or Sour Mush, Chu, li, o, ah, Kati, gi, skee, William Shawry, or Eskacoli, skee, Too, cha, lar, James Davis or Coo wu sa li, skee, John Jolly, or Eu, la, ta, kee, Bark, or Evil, loo, ka, John McLemore, or John Eu, skee lacau Big Bear, or Yo, nahaqua, Dreadfullwater, or Au, man, do, skaw, sur, tee, Chal, lau, git, ti, hee, Caililiskee or Knife Sheat, Clo, se, nce, Challow, or Kingfisher, John Watts, jun.
Sharp Arrow, or Co, star, auh, John Dougherty, or Long John, Tuc, ka, sec, or Tarreppin, Tu, ske, git, tihee, or Long Fellow, Tochuwor, or Red Bird, Ka, ti, hee, or Badgerson. Witnesses:—Robert Purdy, Secretary to the Commissioner. W. Yates, Lieutenant Artillerists. Wm. L. Lovely, Assistant Agent. Nicholas Byers, United States’ Factor. Geo. W. Campbell. Will. Polk. James Blair. J no. Smith, jun. Thomas N. Clark. Chs. Hicks, Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal.
October 27, 1805 Treaty 7 Stat. 95 ARTICLES OF A TREATY *Between the United States of America, by their commissioners, ReturnOct. 27, 1805.Proclamation, June 10, 1806. J. Meigs and Daniel Smith, who are appointed to hold conferences with the Cherokees for the purpose of arranging certain interesting matters with the said Indians, of the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and head men of the Cherokees, of the other part.* Art. 1st. Whereas it has been represented by the one party to theCession of certain land to the United States. other, that the section of land on which the garrison of South West Point stands, and which extends to Kingston, is likely to be a desirable place for the assembly of the state of Tennessee to convene at (a committee from that body now in session having viewed the situation) now the Cherokees being possessed of a spirit of conciliation, and seeing that this tract is desired for public purposes, and not for individual advantages, (reserving the ferries to themselves,) quit claim and cede to the United States the said section of land, understanding at the same time, that the buildings erected by the public are to belong to the public, as well as the occupation of the same, during the pleasure of the government; we also cede to the United States the first island in the Tennessee, above the mouth of Clinch.
Art. 2d. And whereas the mail of the United States is ordered to beCherokees grant the free use of a road, through their country for the carriage of the mail. carried from Knoxville to New-Orleans, through the Cherokee, Creek and Choctaw countries; the Cherokees agree that the citizens of the United States shall have, so far as it goes through their country, the free and unmolested use of a road leading from Tellico to Tombigbe, to be laid out by viewers appointed on both sides, who shall direct it the nearest and best way ; and the time of doing the business the Cherokees shall be notified of.
Art. 3d. In consideration of the above cession and relinquishment,Payment to Cherokees. the United States agree to pay to the said Cherokee Indians sixteen hundred dollars in money, or useful merchandize at their option, within ninety days after the ratification of this treaty. Art. 4th. This treaty shall be obligatory between the contractingTreaty, when to take effect. parties as soon as it is ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States.
In testimony whereof, the said commissioners, and the undersigned chiefs and head men of the Cherokees have hereto set their hands and seals. Done at Telico, this twenty-seventh day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and five. RETURN J. MEIGS, DANL. SMITH. 95 96 TREATY WITH THE CREEKS. 1805. Black Fox, or Eunone, The Glass, or Tuu, qua, ti, hee, Kutiyeskee, Toochular, Turtle at Home, or Sullicoo, kie, walar, Dick Justice, John Greenwood, or Eukosettas, Chulevah, or Gentleman Tom, Broom, or Can, nor, we, so, ske, Bald Hunter, or Too, wa, yul, lan, John McLemore, or Eu squal looka, Closenie, or Creeping, Double Head, or Chu, qua, cuttague, Chickasaw-tihee, or Chickasaw tihee killer.
Witnesses:—(Signed,) Robert Purdy, Secretary to the Commissioners. W. Yates, B. Com’g. Nicholas Byers, U. S, Factor. Wm. L. Lovely, Assistant Agent. B. McGhee. Sami Love. James Blair. Hopkins Lacy. Chs. Hicks, Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. November 14, 1805 Convention 7 Stat. 96 A CONVENTION Nov. 14, 1805.Proclamation, June 2, 1806.*Between the United States and the Creek Nation of Indians, concluded at the City of Washington, on the fourteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and five.* Articles of a Convention made between Henry Dearborn, secretary of war, being specially authorised therefor by the President of the United States, and Oche Haujo, William M’Intosh, Tuskenehau Chapce, Tuskenehau, Enehau Thlucco, Checopeheke, Emantlau, chiefs and head men of the Creek nation of Indians, duly authorised and empowered by said nation.
Art. I. Cession by the Creek Indians.The aforesaid chiefs and head men do hereby agree, in consideration of certain sums of money and goods to be paid to the said Creek nation by the government of the United States as hereafter stipulated, to cede and forever quit claim, and do, in behalf of their nation, hereby cede, relinquish, and forever quit claim unto the United States all right, title, and interest, which the said nation have or claim, in or unto a certain tract of land, situate between the rivers Oconee and Ocmulgee (except as hereinafter excepted) and bounded as follows, viz:
Boundaries.Beginning at the high shoals of Apalacha, where the line of the treaty of fort Wilkinson touches the same, thence running in a straight line, to the mouth of Ulcofauhatche, it being the first large branch or fork of the Ocmulgee, above the Seven Islands : *Provided, however*, That if the said line should strike the Ulcofauhatche, at any place above its mouth, that it shall continue round with that stream so as to leave the whole of it on the Indian side; then the boundary to continue from the mouth of the Ulcofauhatche, by the water’s edge of the Ocmulgee river, down to its junction with the Oconee; thence up the Oconee to the present boundary at Tauloohatche creek; thence up said creek and following the present boundary line to the first-mentioned bounds, at the high shoals of Apalacha, excepting and reserving to the Creek nation, the title and possession of a tract of land, five miles in length and three in breadth, and bounded as follows, viz :
Beginning on the eastern shore of the Ocmulgee river, at a point three miles on a straight line above the mouth of a creek called Oakchoncoolgau, which empties into the Ocmulgee, near the lower part of what is called the old Ocmulgee fields—thence running three miles eastwardly, on a course at right angles with the general course of the river for five miles below the point of beginning ;—thence, from the end of the three miles, to run five97 miles parallel with the said course of the river ; thence westwardly, at right angles with the last-mentioned line to the river; thence by the river to the first-mentioned bounds.
And it is hereby agreed, that the President of the United States, forA military post, &c. to be established. the time being, shall have a right to establish and continue a military post, and a factory or trading house on said reserved tract; and to make such other use of the said tract as may be found convenient for the United States, as long as the government thereof shall think proper to continue the said military post or trading house. And it is also agreed on the part of the Creek nation, that the navigation and fishery of the Ocmulgee, from its junction with the Oconee to the mouth of the Ulcofauhatchee, shall be free to the white people; provided they use no traps for taking fish; but nets and seines may be used, which shall be drawn to the eastern shore only.
Art. II. It is hereby stipulated and agreed, on the part of the CreekU. S. to have a right to the use of a road to the Mobile. nation, that the government of the United States shall forever hereafter have a right to a horse path, through the Creek country, from the Ocmulgee to the Mobile, in such direction as shall, by the President of the United States, be considered most convenient, and to clear out the same, and lay logs over the creeks : And the citizens of said States, shall at all times have a right to pass peaceably on said path, under such regulations and restrictions, as the government of the United States shall from time to time direct; and the Creek chiefs will have boats kept at the several rivers for the conveyance of men and horses, and houses of entertainment established at suitable places on said path for the accommodation of travellers ; and the respective ferriages and prices of entertainment for men and horses, shall be regulated by the present agent, Col.
Hawkins, or by his successor in office, or as is usual among white people. Art. III. It is hereby stipulated and agreed, on the part of the UnitedAn annuity to be paid to the Greek nation. States, as a full consideration for the land ceded by the Creek nation in the first article, as well as by permission granted for a horse path through their country, and the occupancy of the reserved tract, at the old Ocmulgee fields, that there shall be paid annually to the Creek nation, by the United States for the term of eight years, twelve thousand dollars in money or goods, and ’ implements of husbandry, at the option of the Creek nation, seasonably signified from time to time, through the agent of the United States, residing with said nation, to the department of war; and eleven thousand dollars shall be paid in like manner, annually, for the term of the ten succeeding years, making, in the whole, eighteen payments in the course of eighteen years, without interest:
The first payment is to be made as soon as practicable after the ratification of this convention by the government of the United States, and each payment shall be made at the reserved tract, on the old Ocmulgee fields. Art. IV. And it is hereby further agreed, on the part of the UnitedBlacksmiths to be provided at the expense of U.S. States, that in lieu of all former stipulations relating to blacksmiths, they will furnish the Creek nation for eight years, with two blacksmiths and two strikers.
Art. V. The President of the United States may cause the line toLine to be run at the time, &c. prescribed by the President. be run from the high shoals of Apaiacha, to the mouth of Ulcofatthatche, at such time, and in such manner, as he may deem proper, and this convention shall be obligatory on the contracting parties as soon as the same shall have been ratified by the government of the United States. Done at the place, and on the day and year above written. H. DEARBORN. 98 TREATY WITH THE CHOCTAWS. 1805.
Oche Haujo, William McIntosh, Tuskenehau Chapeo, Tuskenehau, Enehau Thlucco, Chekopeheke Emantlau. Signed and sealed in the presence of, James Madison, Rt. Smith, Benjamin Hawkins, Timothy Barnard, Jno. Smith, Andrew McClary. The foregoing articles have been faithfully interpreted. TIMOTHY BARNARD, Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. November 16, 1805 Treaty 7 Stat. 98 A TREATY OF LIMITS Nov. 16, 1805.Proclamation, Feb. 25, 1808.*Between the United States of America and the Chaktaw Nation of Indians.* Thomas Jefferson, President of the United States of America, by James Robertson, of Tennessee, and Silas Dinsmoor, of New Hampshire, agent of the United States to the Chaktaws, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States, on the one part, and the Mingoes, Chiefs and warriors of the Chaktaw nation of Indians, in council assembled, on the other part, have entered into the following agreement, viz :
Article I. Cession to the United States.The Mingoes, chiefs, and warriors of the Chaktaw nation of Indians in behalf of themselves, and the said nation, do by these presents cede to the United States of America, all the lands to which they now have or ever had claim, lying to the right of the following lines, to say. Beginning at a branch of the Ilumacheeto where the same is intersected by the present Chaktaw boundary, and also by the path leading from Natchez to the county of Washington, usually called M’Clarey’s path, thence eastwardly along M’Clarey’s path, to the east or left bank of Pearl river, thence on such a direct line as would touch the lower end of a bluff on the left bank of Chickasawhay river the first above the Hiyoowannee towns, called Broken Bluff, to a point within four miles of the Broken Bluff, thence in a direct line nearly parallel with the river to a point whence an east line of four miles in length will intersect the river below the lowest settlement at present occupied and improved in the Hiyoowannee town, thence still east four miles, thence in a direct line nearly parallel with the river to a point on a line to be run from the lower end of the Broken Bluff to Faluktabunnee on the Tombigbee river four miles from the Broken Bluff, thence along the said line to Faluktabunnee, thence east to the boundary between the Creeks and Chaktaws on the ridge dividing the waters running into the Alabama from those running into Tombigbee, thence southwardly along the said ridge and boundary to the southern point of the Chaktaw claim.
Reservation.Reserving a tract of two miles square run on meridians and parallels so as to include the houses and improvements in the town of Fukctcheepoonta, and reserving also a tract of five thousand one hundred and twenty acres, beginning at a post on the left bank of Tombigbee river opposite the lower end of Hatchatigbee Bluff, thence ascending the river four miles front and two back one half, for the use of Alzira, the other half for the use of Sophia, daughters of Samuel Mitchell, by Molly, a Chaktaw woman.
The latter reserve to be subject to the sameTREATY WITH THE CHOCTAWS. 1805.99 laws and regulations as may be established in the circumjacent country; and the said Mingoes of the Chaktaws, request that the government of the United States may confirm the title of this reserve in the said Alzira and Sophia. Art. II. For and in consideration of the foregoing cession on theConsideration. part of the Chaktaw nation, and in full satisfaction for the same, the commissioners of the United States, do hereby covenant, and agree with the said nation in behalf of the United States, that the said States shall pay to the said nation fifty thousand five hundred dollars, for the following purposes, to wit :
Forty eight thousand dollars to enable the Mingoes to discharge the debt due to their merchants and traders; and also to pay for the depredations committed on stock, and other properly by evil disposed persons of the said Chaktaw nation ; two thousand five hundred dollars to be paid to John Pitchlynn, to compensate him for certain losses sustained in the Chaktaw country, and as a grateful testimonial of the nation’s esteem. And the said States shall also pay annually to the said Chaktaws, for the use of the nation, three thousand dollars in such goods (at neat cost of Philadelphia) as the Mingoes may choose, they giving at least one year’s notice of such choice.
Art. III. The commissioners of the United States, on the part of thePayment to certain Indians for past services. said States, engage to give to each of the three great Medal Mingoes, Pukshunubbee-Mingo, Iloomastubbee, and Pooshamattaha, five hundred dollars in consideration of past services in their nation, and also to pay to each of them an annuity of one hundred and fifty dollars during their continuance in office. It is perfectly understood, that neither of those great Medal Mingoes is to share afiy part of the general annuity of the nation.
Art. IV. The Mingoes, chiefs, and warriors of the Chaktaws, certifyClaim of Join M’Grew. that a tract of land not exceeding fifteen hundred acres, sittuated between the Toinbigbee river and Jackson’s creek, the front or river line extending down the river from a blazed white oak statfding on the left bank of the Toinbigbee near the head of the shoal, next above Hobukentoopa, and claimed by John M’Grew was in fact granted to the said M’Grew by Opiomingo Hesnitta, and others, many years ago, and they respectfully request the government of the United States to establish the claim of the said M’Grew to the said fifteen hundred acres.
Art. V. The two contracting parties covenant and agree that theBoundaries. boundary as described in the second [first] article shall be ascertained and plainly marked, in such way and manner as the President of the United States may direct, in the presence of three persons to be appointed by the said nation ; one from each of the great medal districts, each of whom shall receive for this service two dollars per day during his actual attendance, and the Chaktaws shall have due and seasonable notice of the place where, and time when, the opperation shall commence.
Art. VI. The lease granted for establishments on the roads leadingA ceriain former grant confirmed. through the Chaktaw country, is hereby confirmed in all its conditions, and, except in the alteration of boundary, nothing in this instrument shall affect or change any of the pre-existing obligations of the contracting parties. Art. VII. This treaty shall take effect and become reciprocally obligatoryWhen to take effect. so soon as the same shall have been ratified by the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United-States. 100 TREATY WITH THE PIANKESHAWS. 1805.
Done on Mount Dexter, in Pooshapukanuk, in the Chaktaw country, this sixteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and five, and of the Independence of the United States of America the thirtieth. JAMES ROBERTSON, SILAS DINSMOOR, } Commissioners. *Great Medal Mingoes,* Pukshunnubbee, Mingo Hoomastubbee, Pooshamattaha. *Chiefs and Warriors.* Oukehummee, Tuskimiubbee, James Perry, Levi Perry, Isaac Perry, William Turnbull, John Carnes, Tooteehooma, Hooaheehooma, Tooteehooma, 2d, George James, Robert McClure, Tuskeamingo, Hattukubbeehooluhta, Fishoommastubbee, Anoguaiah, Lewis Lucas, James Pitchlynn, Panshee Ecnanbla, Panshechoomubbee.
Witnesses present at signing and sealing:—Thomas Augustine Claiborne, Secretary to the Commission. John M’Kee. Samuel Mitchell, United Stales’ agent to the Chickasaw. William Colbert, of the Chickasaws. Lewis Ward. Charles Juzan. Garrud E. Nelson. David Chote, Nathaniel Folsom. Mdl. Mackey. Lewis Leflo. John Pitchlynn, United States Interpreter. Will. Tyrrell, Assistant Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. December 30, 1805 Treaty 7 Stat. 100 A TREATY Dec. 30, 1805.Proclamation, May 23, 1807.*Between the United States of America and the Piankishaw tribe of Indians.* Ratified May 22, 1807.Articles of a treaty made at Vincennes, in the Indiana territory, between William Henry Harrison, governor of the said territory, superintendant of Indian affairs, and commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States, for concluding any treaty or treaties which may be found necessary with any of the Indian tribes north west of the Ohio, of the one part, and the chiefs and head men of the Piankishaw tribe, of the other part.
Art. I. Cession to the United States.The Piankishaw tribe cedes and relinquishes to the United States for ever, all that tract of country (with the exception of the reservation hereinafter made J which lies between the Wabash and the tract ceded by the Kaskaskia tribe, in the year one thousand eight hundred and three, and south of a line to be drawn from the north west corner of the Vincennes tract, north seventy eight degrees west, until it intersects the boundary line which has heretofore separated the lands of the Piankeshaws from the said tract ceded by the Kaskaskia tribe.
Art. II. U. S. take the Piankishaws under their protection.The United States take the Piankishaw tribe under their immediate care and patronage, and will extend to them a protection as effectual as that which is enjoyed by the Kaskaskirf tribe ; and the said Piankishaw tribe will never commit any depredations or make war upon any of the other tribes without the consent of the United States. TREATY WITH THE CHEROKEES. 1806. 101 Art. III. The said United States will cause to be delivered to theAdditional annuity.
Piankishaws yearly, and every year, an additional annuity of three hundred dollars, which is to be paid in the same manner, and under the same conditions as that to which they are entitled by the treaty of Greenville : *Provided always*, That the United States may, at any timeProviso. they shall think proper, divide the said annuity amongst the individuals of the said tribe. Art. IV. The stipulations made in the preceding articles, togetherPreceding stipulations, &c. to be considered a full compensation for the above cession. with the sum of one thousand one hundred dollars, which is now delivered, the receipt whereof the said chiefs do hereby acknowledge, is considered a full compensation for the cession and relinquishment above mentioned.
Art. V. As long as the lands now ceded, remain the property of theIndians to have the privilege of hunting, &c. on lands ceded. United States, the said tribe shall have the privilege of living and hunting upon them, in the same manner that they have heretofore done; and they reserve to themselves the right of locating a tract of two square miles, or twelve hundred and eighty acres, the fee of which is to remain with them for ever. Art. VI. This treaty shall be in force as soon as it shall be ratifiedWhen to be in force. by the President of the United States, by anti with the advice and consent of the Senate.
In testimony whereof, the said William Henry Harrison, and the chiefs and head men representing the said Piankishaw tribe, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals. Done at Vincennes, on the thirtieth day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and five, and of the independence of the United States the thirtieth. (Signed) WILLIAM H. HARRISON. Wabakinklclia, or Gros Bled, Pauquia, or Montour, Macatiwaalima, or Chien Noir. Signed, sealed and executed in presence of W.
Prince, Secretary to the Commissioner. John Grillin, one of the Judges of the Indiana territory. Jno. Gibson, Secretary of the Indiana territory. John Badollet, Register of the Land Office. Nathl. Ewing. Receiver of Public Monies. Jno. Rice Jones, of the Indiana Territory. Dubois, of the Indiana Territory. Wm. Bullitt, of Vincennes. Jacob Kinskendall, of Vincennes, H. E. Hurst, of Vincennes, I. T. Jno. Johnson. Michel Brouillet, Interpreter. To the Indian munca ate subjoined a mark and seal.
January 7, 1806 Convention 7 Stat. 101 A CONVENTION *Between the United States and the Cherokee nation of Indians,Jan. 7, 1806.Proclamation, May 23, 1807. concluded at the city of Washington, on the seventh day of January, in the year one thousand eight hundred and six.* Articles of a Convention made between Henry Dearborn, secretaryRatified May 22, 1807. of war, being specially authorised thereto by the President of the United States, and the undersigned chiefs and head men of the Cherokee nation of Indians, duly authorised and empowered by said nation. 102 ARTICLE I.
Cession of territory.The undersigned chiefs and head men of the Cherokee nation of Indians, for themselves and in behalf of their nation, relinquish to the United States all right, title, interest and claim, which they or their nation have or ever had to all that tract of country which lies to the northward of the river Tennessee and westward of a line to be run from the upper part of the Chickasaw Old Fields, at the upper point of an island, called Chickasaw island, on said river, to the most easterly head waters of that branch of said Tennessee river called Duck river, excepting the two following described tracts, viz. one tract bounded southerly on the said Tennessee river, at a place called the Muscle Shoals, westerly by a creek called Te Kee, ta, no-eh or Cyprus creek, and easterly by Chu, wa, lee, or Elk river or creek, and northerly by a line to be drawn from a point on said Elk river tern miles on a direct line from its mouth or junction with Tennessee river, to a point on the said Cyprus creek, ten miles on a direct line from its junction with the Tennessee river.
The other tract is to be two miles in width on the north side of Tennessee river, and to extend northerly from that river three miles, and bounded as follows, viz. beginning at the mouth of Spring Creek, and running up said creek three miles on a straight line, thence westerly two miles at right angles with the general course of said creek, thence southerly on a line parallel with the general course of said creek to the Tennessee river, thence up said river by its waters to the beginning ; which first reserved tract is to be considered the common property of the Cherokees who now live on the same; including John D.
Chesholm, Au, tow, we and Cheh Chuh, and the other reserved tract on which Moses Melton now lives, is to be considered the property of said Melton and of Charles Hicks, in equal Shares. And the said chiefs and head men also agree to relinquish to the United States all right or claim which they or their nation have to what is called the Long Island in Holston river. ARTICLE II. Payment to Cherokees.The said Henry Dearborn on the part of the United States hereby stipulates and agrees that in consideration of the relinquishment of title by the Cherokees, as stated in the preceding article, the United States will pay to the Cherokee nation two thousand dollars in money as soon as this convention shall be duly ratified by the government of the United States ; and two thousand dollars in each of the four succeeding years, amounting in the whole to ten thousand dollars; and that a grist mill shall within one year from the date hereof, be built in the Cherokee country, for the use of the nation, at such place as shall be considered most convenient; that the said Cherokees shall be furnished with a machine for cleaning cotton; and also, that the old Cherokee chief, called the Black Fox, shall be paid annually one hundred dollars by the United States during his life.
ARTICLE III. U. S. to use their influence with the Chickasaws in reference io a certain boundary.It is also agreed on the part of the United States, that the government thereof will use its influence and best endeavors to prevail on the Chickasaw nation of Indians to agree to the following boundary between that nation and the Cherokees to the southward of the Tennessee river, viz. beginning at the mouth of Caney Creek near the lower part of the Muscle Shoals, and to run up said creek to its head, and in a direct line from thence to the Fiat Stone or Rock, the old corner boundary.
But it is understood by the contracting parties that the United States do not engage to have the aforesaid line or boundary established, but only to endeavor to prevail on the Chickasaw nation to consent to such a line as the boundary between the two nations. 103 ARTICLE IV. It is further agreed on the part of the United States that the claimsFurther agreement. which the Chickasaws may have to the two tracts reserved by the first article of this convention on the north side of the Tennessee river, shall be settled by the United States in such manner as will be equitable, and will secure to the Cherokees the title to the said reservations. [In the fifth line of the first article, the words, *at the point of an island called Chickasaw Island;* in the twentieth line of the same article, the words, including *John D.
Chesholm, Au, tow, we, and Cheh Chuh;* and in the fifth line of the third article, the words, *up said creek to its head and*, were interlined before the signing and sealing of these presents.] Done at the place and on the day and year first above written. HENRY DEARBORN. Double Head, James Vann, Tallotiskee, Chu, lioa, Sour Mush, Turtle at home, Ka, ti, hu, John M’Lemore, Broom, John Jolly, John Lowry, Red Bird, John Walker, Young Wolf, Skeuka, Sequechu, Wm. Shoury, In presence of Return J.
Meigs, Benjamin Hawkins, Danl. Smith, Jno. Smith, Andw. M’Clary, Jno. M’Clary. I certify the foregoing convention has been faithfully interpreted. CHS. HICKS, Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. September 11, 1807 Treaty 7 Stat. 103 ELUCIDATION Sept. 11, 1807.Proclamation, April 22, 1808.Ante, p. 101.Of a convention with the Cherokee Nation. Whereas, by the first article of a convention between the United States and the Cherokee nation, entered into at the city of Washington, on the seventh day of January, one thousand eight hundred and six, it was intended on the part of the Cherokee nation, and so understood by the Secretary of War, the commissioner on the part of the United States, to cede to the United States all the right, title and interest which the said Cherokee nation ever had to a tract of country contained between the Tennessee river and the Tennessee ridge (so called) ; which tract of country had since life year one thousand seven hundred and ninety four, been claimed by the Cherokees and the Chickasaws : the eastern boundary whereof is limited by a line so to be run from the upper part of the Chickasaw Old Fields, as to include all the waters of Elk river, any thing expressed in said convention to the contrary notwithstanding, It is therefore now declared by James Robertson and Return J.
Meigs, acting under the authority of the executive of the United States, and by a delegation of Cherokee chiefs, of whom Euno-104lee or Black Fox, the king or head chief of said Cherokee nation, actingEastern limits of the tract granted by the treaty of Jan. 7, 1806. on the part of, and in behalf of said nation, is one, that the eastern limits of said ceded tract shall be bounded by a line so to be run from the upper end of the Chickasaw Old Fields, a little above the upper point of an island, called Chickasaw Island, as will most directly intersect the first waters of Elk river, thence carried to the Great Cumberland mountain, in which the waters of Elk river have their source, then along the margin of said mountain untill it shall intersect lands heretofore ceded to the United States, at the said Tennessee ridge.
And in consideration of the readiness shown by the Cherokees to explain, and to place the limits of the land ceded by the said convention out of all doubt; and in consideration of their expenses in attending council, the executive of the United States will direct that the Cherokee nation shall receive the sum of two thousand dollars, to be paid to them by their agent, at such time as the said executive shall direct, and that the Cherokee hunters, as hath been the custom in such cases, may hunt on said ceded tract, untill by the fullness of settlers it shall become improper.
And it is hereby declared by the parties, that this explanation ought to be considered as a just elucidation of the cession made by thp first article of said convention. Done at the point of departure of the line at the upper end of the island, opposite to the upper part of the said Chickasaw Old Fields, the eleventh day of September, in the year one thousand eight hundred and seven. (Signed) JAS. ROBERTSON, RETURN J. MEIGS. Eunolee, or Black Fox, Fauquitee, or Glass, Falaquokoko, or Turtle at home, Richard Brown, So, wo, lo, toll, king’s brother.
Witnesses present:—Thos. Freeman, Thomas Orme. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark. November 17, 1807 Treaty 7 Stat. 105 ARTICLES OF A TREATY *Made at Detroit, this seventeenth day of November, in the yearNov. 17, 1807.Proclamation, Jan. 27, 1808. of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and seven, by William Hull, governor of the territory of Michigan, and superintendant of Indian affairs, and sole commissioner of the United States, to conclude and sign a treaty or treaties, with the several nations of Indians, north west of the river Ohio, on the one part, and the sachems, chiefs, and warriors of the Ottoway, Chippeway, Wyandotte, and Pottawatamie nations of Indians, on the other part.
To confirm and perpetuate the friendship, which happily subsists between the United States and the nations aforesaid, to manifest the sincerity of that friendship, and to settle arrangements mutually beneficial to the parties ; after a full explanation and perfect understanding, the following articles are agreed to, which, when ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, shall be binding on them, and the respective nations of Indians.* Article I.
The sachems, chiefs, and warriors of the nations aforesaid,Consideration. in consideration of money and goods, to be paid to the said nations, by the government of the United States as hereafter stipulated ; do hereby agree to cede, and forever quit claim, and do in behalf ofCession. their nations hereby cede, relinquish, and forever quit claim, unto the said United States, all right, title, and interest, which the said nations now have, or claim, or ever had, or claimed, in, or unto, the lands comprehended within the following described lines and boundaries :
BeginningBoundaries. at the mouth of the Miami river of the lakes, and running thence up the middle thereof, to the mouth of the great Au Glaize river, thence running due north, until it intersects a paralell of latitude, to be drawn from the outlet of lake Huron, which forms the river Sinclair ; thence running north east the course, that may be found, will lead in a direct line, to White Rock, in lake Huron, thence due east, until it intersects the boundary line between the United States and Upper Canada, in said lake, thence southwardly, following the said boundary line, down said lake, through river Sinclair, lake St.
Clair, and the river Detroit, into lake Erie, to a point due east of the aforesaid Miami river, thence west to the place of beginning Art. II. It is hereby stipulated and agreed on the part of the United States, as a consideration for the lands, ceded by the nations aforesaid, in the preceding article, that there shall be paid to the said nations, at Detroit, ten thousand dollars, in money, goods, implements of husbandry, or domestic animals, (at the option of the said nations, seasonably signified, through the superintendant of Indian affairs, residing with the said nations, to the department of war,) as soon as practicable, after the ratification of the treaty, by the President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States ; of this sum, three thousand three hundred and thirty three dollars thirty three cents and four mills, shallHow the consideration is to be apportioned and paid. be paid to the Ottaway nation, three thousand three hundred and thirty three dollars thirty three cents and four mills, to the Chippeway nation, one thousand six hundred sixty six dollars sixty six cents and six mills,105106TREATY WITH THE OTTAWAS, ETC. 1807. to the Wyandotte nation, one thousand six hundred sixty six dollars sixty six cents and six mills, to the Pottawatamie nation, and likewise an annuity forever, of two thousand four hundred dollars, to be paid at Detroit, in manner as aforesaid : the first payment to be made on the first day of September next, and to be paid to the different nations, in the following proportions :
Eight hundred dollars to the Ottaways, eight hundred dollars to the Chippeways, four hundred dollars to the Wyandottes, and four hundred dollars to such of the Pottawatamies, as now reside on the river Huron of lake Erie, the river Raisin, and in the vicinity of the said rivers. Art. III. U.S. will agree to a reasonable commutation for the annuity, &c.It is further stipulated and agreed, if at any time hereafter, the said nations should be of the opinion, that it would be more for their interest, that the annuity aforesaid should be paid by instalments, the United States will agree to a reasonable commutation for the annuity, and pay it accordingly.
Art. IV. U. S. to supply the Indians with blacksmiths.The United States, to manifest their liberality, and disposition to encourage the said Indians, in agriculture, further stipulate, to furnish the said Indians with two *blacksmiths*, one to reside with the Chippeways, at Saguina, and the other to reside with the Ottaways, at the Miami, during the term of ten years ; said blacksmiths are to do such work for the said nations as shall be most useful to them. Art. V. Indians to have the privilege of hunting, &c. on lands ceded.It is further agreed and stipulated, that the said Indian nations shall enjoy the privilege of hunting and fishing on the lands ceded as aforesaid, as long as they remain the property of the United States.
Art. VI. Reservations.It is distinctly to be understood, for the accommodation of the said Indians, that the following tracts of land within the cession aforesaid, shall be, and hereby are reserved to the said Indian nations, one tract of land six miles square, on the Miami of lake Erie, above *Roche de Boeuf*, to include the village, where *Tondaganie*, (or the Dog) now lives. Also, three miles square on the said river, (above the Ante, p. 49.twelve miles square ceded to the United States by the treaty of Greenville) including what is called *Presque Isle*; also four miles square on the Miami bay, including the villages where *Meshkemau* and *Wau-gau* now live ; also, three miles square on the river Raisin, at a place called *Macon*, and where the river *Macon* falls into the river *Raizin*, which place is about fourteen miles from the mouth of said river *Raizin*; also, two sections of one mile square each, on the river *Rouge*, at *Seginsiwin’s* village; also two sections of one mile square each, at *Tonquisk’s* village, near the river *Rouge*; also three miles square on lake St.
Clair, above the river Huron, to include *Machonce’s* village ; also, six sections, each section containing one mile square, within the cession aforesaid, in such situations as the said Indians shall elect, subject, however, to the approbation of the President of the United States, as to the places of location. It is further understood and agreed, that whenever the reservations cannot conveniently be laid out in squares, they shall be laid Cut in *paralelograms*, or other figures, as found most practicable and convenient, so as to contain the area specified in miles, and in all cases they are to be located in such manner, and in such situations, as not to interfere with any improvements of the French or other white people, or any former cessions.
Art. VII. Indians acknowledge the protection of the U. S.The said nations of Indians acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States, and no other power, and will prove by their conduct that they are worthy of so great a blessing. In testimony whereof, the said William Hull, and the sachems, and war chiefs representing the said nations, have hereunto set their hands and seals. TREATY WITH THE OSAGES. 1808. 107 Done at Detroit, in the territory of Michigan, the day and year first above written.
(Signed) WILLIAM HULL. *Chippawas.* Pee-wan-she-mo nogh, Ma-mau-she-gau-ta, (or bad legs) Poo-qui-gau-boa-wie, Kiosk, Po-qua-quet, (or the ball) See-gau-gc-wau, Quit-choibe-quit, or big cloud, Qui-con-quish, Puck c-nesc, or the spark of fire, Ne-gig (or the Otter) Me-a-si ta, Maequettequct, or Little Bear Ne-me-kas, (or Little Thunder) Sawanabenase, or, pe, che, ga, bu, a, or Grand Blanc, Ton quish, Miott, Meu-e-tu-ge-sheck, or the Little Cedar. *Ottawas,* Au-bau-way, Ka-waeh-c-wan, Saw-ga-maw, Ogouse, Was-a-ga-shick. *Pottawattamies.* Te-quish, No-na-me, Naw-me, Nin-ne-wu, Skush. *Wyandots.* Ska-ho-mat, Miere, or walk in the water, I-yo-na-yo-ta-ha.
In presence of Geo. McDougall, Chief Judge Ct. D. H. and D. C. Rush, Attorney-General. Jacob Visger, Associate Judge of the D. Court. Jos. Watson, Secretary to the Legislature of Michigan. Abijah Hull, Surveyor for Michigan Territory. Harris H. Hickman, Counsellor at Law Abraham Fuller Hull, Counsellor at Law and Secretary to the commission. Whitmore Knaggs, William Walker, Sworn Interpreters. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. November 10, 1808 Treaty 7 Stat. 107 ARTICLES OF A TREATY *Made and concluded at Fort Clark, on the right bank of theNov. 10, 1808.Ratified, April 28, 1810.
Missouri, about five miles above the Fire Prairie, in the territory of Louisiana, the tenth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and eight, between Peter Chouteau, esquire, agent for the Osage, and specially commissioned and instructed to enter into the same by his excellency Meriwether Lewis, governor and superintendent of Indian affairs for the territory aforesaid, in behalf of the United States of America, of the one part, and the chiefs and warriors of the Great and Little Osage, for themselves and their nations respectively, on the other part.* Art. 1.
The United States being anxious to promote peace, friendshipA fort to be built. and intercourse with the Osage tribes, to afford them every assistance in their power, and to protect them from the insults and injuries of other tribes of Indians, situated near the settlements of the white people, have thought proper to build a fort on the right bank of the Missouri, a few miles above the Fire Prairie, and do agree to garrison the same with as many regular troops as the President of the United States may, from time to time, deem necessary for the protection of all orderly, friendly and well disposed Indians of the Great and Little Osage nations, who reside at this place, and who do strictly conform to,108TREATY WITH THE OSAGES. 1808. and pursue the counsels or admonitions of the President of the United States through his subordinate officers.
Art. 2. A store of goods to be kept at the fort.The United States being also anxious that the Great and Little Osage, resident ns aforesaid, should be regularly supplied with every species of merchandise, which their comfort may hereafter require, do engage to establish at this place, and permanently to continue at all seasons of the year, a well assorted store of goods, for the purpose of bartering with them on moderate terms for their peltries and furs. Art. 3. A blacksmith, &c. to be furnished by U.
S.The United States agree to furnish at this place, for the use of the Osage nations, a black-smith, and tools to mend their arms and utensils of husbandry, and engage to build them a horse mill, or water mill ; also to furnish them with ploughs, and to build for the great chief of the Great Osage, and for the great chief of the Little Osage, a strong block house in each of their towns, which are to be established near this fort. Art. 4. Property stolen by the Osages before the acquisition of Louisiana, to be paid lor by U.S.With a view to quiet the animosities which at present exist between the inhabitants of the territory of Louisiana, and the Osage nations, in consequence of the lawless depredations of the latter, the United States do further agree to pay to their own citizens, the full value of such property as they can legally prove to have been stolen or destroyed by the said Osage, since the acquisition of Louisiana by the United States, provided the same does not exceed the sum of five thousand dollars.
Art. 5. Merchandise to be delivered.In consideration of the lands relinquished by the Great and Little Osage to the United States as stipulated in the sixth article of this treaty, the United States promise to deliver at Fire Prairie, or at St. Louis, yearly, to the Great Osage nation, merchandize to the amount or value of one thousand dollars, and to the Little Osage nation, merchandize to the amount or value of five hundred dollars, reckoning the value of said merchandize at the first cost thereof, in the city or place in the United States, where the same shall have been procured.
Money paid.And in addition to the merchandize aforesaid, the United States have, at and before the signature of these articles, paid to the Great Osage nation, the sum of eight hundred dollars, and to the Little Osage nation, the sum of four hundred dollars. Art. 6. Boundary line established.And in consideration of the advantages which we derive from the stipulations contained in the foregoing articles, we, the chiefs and warriors of the Great and Little Osage, for ourselves and our nations respectively, covenant and agree with the United States, that the boundary Hue between our nations and the United States shall be as follows, to wit : beginning at fort Clark, on the Missouri, five miles above Fire Prairie, and running thence a due south course to the river Arkansas, and down the same to the Mississippi ; hereby ceding and relinquishing forever to the United States, all the lands which lie east of the said line, and north of the southwardly bank of the said river Arkansas, and all lands situated northwardly of the river Missouri.
And we do further cede and relinquish to the United States forever, a tract of two leagues square, to embrace fort Clark, and to be laid off in such manner as the President of the United States shall think proper. Art. 7. Lines to be ran by U. S.And it is mutually agreed by the contracting parties, that the boundary lines hereby established, shall be run and marked at the expense of the United States, as soon as circumstances or their convenience will permit; and the Great and Little Osage promise to depute two chiefs from each of their respective nations, to accompany the commissioner, or commissioners who may be appointed on the part of the United States, to settle and adjust the said boundary line. 109 Art. 8.
And the United States agree that such of the Great andHunting ground. Little Osage Indians, as may think proper to put themselves under the protection of fort Clark, and who observe the stipulations of this treaty with good faith, shall be permitted to live and to hunt, without molestation, on all that tract of country, west of the north and south boundary line, on which they, the said Great and Little Osage, have usually hunted or resided : *Provided*, The same be not the hunting grounds of any nation or tribe of Indians iu amity with the United States; and on any other lands within the territory of Louisiana, without the limits of the white settlements, until the United States may think proper to as-sign the same as hunting grounds to other friendly Indians.
Art. 9. Lest the friendship which is now established betweenInjuries, how to be prevented and punished, the United States and the said Indian nations should be interrupted by the misconduct of individuals, it is hereby agreed that for injuries done by individuals no private revenge or retaliation shall take place, but instead thereof complaints shall be made by the party injured to the other, by the said nations or either of them, to the superintendent or other person appointed by the President to the chiefs of the said nation; and it shall be the duty of the said chiefs, upon complaints being made as aforesaid, to deliver up the person or persons against whom the com-plaint is made, to the end that he or they may be punished agreeably to the laws of the state or territory, where the offence may have been committed; and in like manner, if any robbery, violence or murder shall bq committed on any Indian or Indians belonging to either of said nations, the person or persons so offending shall be tried, and if found guilty, shall be. punished in like manner as if the injury had been done to a white man.
And it is agreed that the chiefs of the Great and Little Osage, shall to the utmost of their power exert themselves to recover horses or other property which may be stolen from any citizen or citi-zens of the United States, by any individual or individuals of either of their nations; and the property so recovered shall be forthwith delivered to the superintendent or other person authorised to receive it, that it may be restored to the proper owner; and in cases where the exertions of the chiefs shall be ineffectual in recovering the property stolen as aforesaid, if sufficient proof can be adduced that such property was actually stolen by any Indian or Indians belonging to the said nations, or either of them, the superintendent, or other proper officer, may deduct from the annuity of the said nations respectively a sum equal to the value of the property which has been stolen.
And the United States hereby guarantee to any Indian or Indians of the said nations’ respectively, a full indemnification for any horses or other property which may be stolen from them by any of their citizens : *Provided*, That the property so stolen cannot be recovered, and that sufficient proof is produced that it was actually stolen by a citizen of the United States. And the said nations of the Great and Little Osage engage, on the requisition or demand of the President of the United States, or of the superintendent, to deliver up any white man resident among them.
Art. 10. The United States receive the Great and Little OsageOsages received into the protection of the U. S. nations into their friendship and under their protection ; and the said nations, on their part, declare that they will consider themselves under the protection of no other power whatsoever; disclaiming all right to cede, sell or in any manner transfer their lands to any foreign power, or to citizens of the United States or inhabitants of Louisiana, unless duly authorised by the President of the United States to make the said purchase or accept the said cession on behalf of the government.
Art. 11. And if any person or persons, for hunting or other purpose,Protection of the Indian hunting grounds. shall pass over the boundary lines, as established by this treaty, into the110 country reserved for the Great and Little Osage nations, without the license of the superintendent or other proper officer, they, the said Great and Little Osage, or either of them, shall be at liberty to apprehend such unlicensed hunters or other persons, and surrender them together with their property, but without other’ injury, insult or molestation, to the superintendent of Indian affairs, or to the agent nearest the place of arrest, to be dealt with according to law.
Art. 12. Osages will not supply arms to Indians not in amity with the U. S.And the chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, promise and engage that neither the Great nor Little Osage nation will ever, by sale, exchange or as presents, supply any nation or tribe of Indians, not in amity with the United States, with guns, ammunitions or other implements of war. Art. 13. Treaty, when to take effect.This treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contracting parties, as soon as the same shall have been ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States.
In testimony whereof, the said Peter Chouteau, commissioned and instructed as aforesaid, and the chiefs and warriors of the Great and Little Osage nation of Indians, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals. Done at Fort Clark, the day above mentioned. P. CHOUTEAU. E. B. Clemson, Capt. 1st Regt. Infantry. Reazen Lewis, Sub. Agt. In. Affairs. Pa qui sea, The grand chief of the Big Osage, Ni chu Malli, The grand chief of the Little Osage, Voi the Voi he, The second chief of the Big Osage, Voithe Chinga, The second chief of the Little Osage, Ta Voingare, The little chief of the Big Osage, Oso ga he, The little chief of the Little Osage, Voi chin odhe, The little chief of the Big Osage, Voi Noche, The little chief of theLittle Osage, Voi Non pa che, The little chief of the Big Osage, Qui hi Ramaki, The little chief of the Little Osage, Voi Na che, The little chief of the Big Osage, Pon la Voitasuga, The little chief of the Little Osage, Ca y ga che, The Little chief of the Big Osage, Pa hu roguesie, The little chief of the Little Osage, Mia a sa, Tho little chief of the Big Osage, Man ja guida, The little chief of the Little Osage, Man tsa, The little chief of the Big Osage, Ni ca garis, The little chief of the Big Osage, L.
Lorimer, Lieut, first Regt. Infantry. Do ga chin ga, The little chief of the Big Osage, Ta vain gare, The little chief of the Little Osage, Ta vain there, Tho little chief of the Big Osage, Nague mani, The war chief of the Big Osage, Ni ca nauthe, The war chief of the Little Osage, Chon me la se, The war chief of the Big Osage, Ne non bas, The war chief of the little Osage, The Pograngue, The war chief of the Big Osage, The Cay que, Warrior, L. O. Non pe voite, do. B. O. Ve sa sa die, do.
L. O. Ton che nanqne, do. B. O. Cay ga che, do. L. O. Li hi bi, do. B. O. Gri na che, do. L. O. Ni Couil Bran, do. B. O. Chon non segue, do. L. O. Li san sandhe, do. B. O. Me qua que, do. L. O. Man he gare, do. B. O. Me ga he, do. L. O. Me yhe, do. B. O. Nu dhe tavoi, do. L. O. The cay que, do. B. O. Voi taseau, do. L. O. Ca ha piche, do. B. O. Man he voi, do. L. O. Ta le chiga, do. B. O. 111 Po dhe chiga, Warrior, L. O. Che ga non sas, do. B. O. Ne sa quo, do. L. O. Lo le chinga, do.
B. O. Pa ne voiguanda, do. L. O. Ta voin hi hi, do. B. O. Mi the chinga, do. L. O. Voi dhe nache, do. B. O. Man que si, do. L. O. Chin ga voi se, do. B. O. Ta le voi le, do. L. O. Voi en gran, do. B. O. Sea ma ni, do. L. O. Nura Hague, do. B. O. Me Chinga, do. L. O. Pa chi gue, Little chief, B. O. Rou da Nique, Warrior, L. O. Ne Paste, do. B. O. Voi bi sandhe, do. L. O. No hi Zanga, do. B. O. No hu dhe, do. L. O. The Pagranque, do. B. O. Cha he tonga, do. L. O. Manguepee Mani, do.
B. O. Voi Ba lune, do. L. O. Ponea Voitaniga,do. B. O. Tas lon dhe, do. L. O. Nen do lagalui, do. B. O. Mangue pu Mani, do. L. O. Ni Conil Bran, do. B. O. Voi Ba he, do. L. O. Ondhe ho mani, do. B. O. Nura nin, Warrior, B. O. Noguini lay que, do. B. O. Nan la tobo, do. L. O. Bas he mindhe,do. B. O. Sa voi, do.L. O. Chou que monnon, do. B. O. Manda ri hi, do. L. O. Mani loura na, do. B. O. Ne que voi le, do. L. O. Chon gue hanga, do. B. O. Pon la Chinga, do. L. O. A gui gue da, do.
B. Man ja gui da, do. L. O. Voi do gue ga, do. B. O. The Sin dhe, do. L. O. Nin cha gari, do. B. O. Voi ha da ni, do. L. O. Voi gas pache, do. B. O. Man y voile, do. L. O. Qui ni ho nigue, do. B. O. Nognithe Chinga, do. L. O. Na tan hi, do. B. O. Mi a sa, do. L. O. Ou asa be, do. B. O. Voi chin outhe, do. L. O. A man passe, do. B. O. Cut sa ga be, do. L. O. Chan na hon, do. B. O. Non Basocri, do. L. O. Voi chou gras, do. B. O. Pe dhe chinga, do. L. O. Bas se chinga, do. B. O.
We the undersigned, chiefs and warriors of the band of Osages, residing on the river Arkansas, being a part of the Great Osage nation, having this day had the foregoing treaty read and explained to us, by his excellency Meriwether Lewis, esquire, do hereby acknowledge, consent to, and confirm all the stipulations therein contained, as fully and as completely as though we had been personally present at the signing, sealing and delivering the same on the 10th day of November, 1808, the same being the day on which the said treaty was signed, sealed and delivered, as will appear by a reference thereto.
In witness whereof, we have for ourselves and our band of the Great Osage nation residing on the river Arkansas, hereunto set our hands and affixed our seals. Done at St. Louis, in the territory of Louisiana, this thirty-first day of August, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and nine, and of the independence of the United States, the thirty-fourth. In presence of us, and before signature attached to the original. John G. Comegys, George Man, John W. Honey, Samuel Solomon, jun.
John P. Gates, Interpreter. Noel Mongrain Marque Indian Interpreter Bazil Nassier Marque Indian Interpreter. Gresdanmanses, or Clermond, First chief. Couchesigres, or Big Tract, Second chief. Tales, or Slrating Deer, son of Big Tract. Aukickawakho, nephew of Big Tract. Wachawahih, Pahclagren, or Handsome Hair, Hombahagren, or Fine Day. Harachabo, or the Eagle, Hrulahtie, or Pipe Bird, Tawangahuh, or Builder of Towns, Honencache, or the Terrible, Talahu, or Deer’s Pluck, Cahigiagreh, or Good Chief, Baughonghcheh, or Cutter, Basonchinga, or Little Pins, To the Indian names is subjoined a mark.
November 25, 1808 Treaty 7 Stat. 112 ARTICLES OF A TREATY Nov. 25, 1808.Proclamation, March 3, 1809.RatifiedMarch 1, 1809.*Made and concluded at Brownstown, in the territory of Michigan, between William Hull, governor of the said territory, superin-tendant of Indian affairs, and commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States of America, for concluding any treaty or treaties, wh ich may be found necessary, with any of the Indian tribes, Northwesf of the river Ohio, of the one part, and the Sachems, Chiefs, and Warriors of the Chippewa, Ottawa, Pottawatomie, Wyandot, and Shawanoese nations of Indians, of the other part.* Article I.
Preamble.Whereas by a treaty concluded at Detroit, on the seventeenth day of November, in the. year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and seven, a tract of land lying to the West and North of the river Miami, of Lake Eric, and principally within the territory of Michigan, was ceded by the Indian nations, to the United States ; and whereas the lands lying on the south eastern side of the said river Miami, and between said river, and the boundary lines established by the treaties of Greenville and Fort Industry, with the exception of a few small reservations to the United States, still belong to the Indian nations, so that the United States cannot, of right, open and maintain a convenient road from the settlements in the state of Ohio, to the settlements in the territory of Michigan, nor extend those settlements so as to connect them ; in order therefore to promote this object, so desirable and evidently beneficial to the Indian nations, as well as to the United States, the parties have agreed to the following articles, which when ratified by the President of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, shall be reciprocally binding.
Article II. A tract of land granted for a road.The several nations of Indians aforesaid, in order to promote the object mentioned in the preceding article, and in consideration of the friendship they bear towards the United States, for the liberal and benevolent policy, which has been practised towards them by the government thereof, do hereby give, grant, and cede, unto the said United States, a tract of land for a road, of one hundred and twenty feet in wealth, from the foot of the rapids of the river Miami of Lake Erie, to the western line of the Connecticut reserve, and all the land within one mile of the said road, *on each side thereof*, for the purpose of establishing settlements along the same; also a tract of land, for a *road only*, of one hundred and twenty feet in wealth, to run southwardly from what is called Lower Sandusky, to the boundary line established by the treaty of Greenville, with the privilege of taking at all times, such timber and other materials, from the adjacent lands as may be necessary for making and keeping in repair the said road, with the bridges that may be required along the same.
Article III. Lines to be run by U. S.It is agreed, that the lines embracing the lands, given and ceded by the preceding article, shall be run in such directions, as may be thought most adviseable by the President of the United States for the purposes aforesaid. Article IV. Privilege of hunting and fishing on lands ceded.It is agreed, that the said Indian nations shall retain the privilege of hunting and fishing on the lands given and ceded as above, so long as the same shall remain the property of the United States. 112 TREATY WITH THE DELAWARES, ETC. 1809. 113 Article V.
The several nations of Indians aforesaid, do again acknowledgeIndians acknowledge protection of U. S. themselves to be under the protection of the United States, and of no other sovereign ; and the United States on their part do renew their covenant, to extend protection to them according to the intent and meaning of stipulations in former treaties. Done at Brownstown in the territory of Michigan this twenty-fifth day of November, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and eight, and of the independence of the United States of America the thirty-third.
WILLIAM HULL, Commissioner. *Chippewas.* Ne-me-kas, or Little Thunder, Puck-c-nesc, or Spark of Fire, Macquettequet, or Little Bear, Shimnnnaquette. *Ottewas.* Kewachewan, Tondagane. *Pottawatamies.* Mogau, Wap-me-me, or White Pigeon, Ma-che. *Wyandotts.* Miere, or Walk in the water, I-yo-na-yo-ta-he, or Joe, Ska-ho mat, or Black Chief, Adam Brown. *Shawanoese.* Ma-ka-te-we-ka-sha, or Black Hoof, Koi-ta-way-pie, or Col. Lewis. Executed after having been fully explained and understood in presence of Reuben Attwater, Secretary of the territory of Michigan.
James Wilherell, a Judge of Michigan territory. Jacob Viager, Judge of the district court. Jos. Watson, Secretary L. M. T. Wm. Brown. B. Cumpau. Lewis Bond, A. Lyons, as to the Ottawa chiefs. Whittmore Knaggs, William Walker, F" Duchouquet, Samuel Sanders, Sworn Interpreters. Attest, Harris Hampden Hickman, Secretary to the commission. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. Sept. 30, 1809 Treaty 7 Stat. 113 A TREATY *Between the United States of America, and the tribes of IndiansSept. 30, 1809.Proclamation, Jan. 16, 1810. called the Delawares, Putawatimies, Miamies and Eel River Miamies.* James Madison, President of the United States, by William Henry Harrison, governor and commander-in-chief of the Indiana territory, superintendant of Indian affairs, and commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States for treating with the said Indian tribes, and the Sachems, Head men and Warriors of the Delaware, Putawatame, Miami and Eel River tribes of Indians, have agreed and concluded upon the following treaty ; which, when ratified by the said President, with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, shall be binding on said parties.
Art. 1st. The Miami and Eel River tribes, and the Delawares andCession of lands.Ante, p. 71. Putawatimies, as their allies, agree to cede to the United States all that tract of country which shall be included between the boundary line established by the treaty of Fort Wayne, the Wabash, and a line to be drawn from the mouth of a creek called Racoon Creek, emptying into the Wabash, on the south-east side, about twelve miles below the mouth of the Vermilion river, so as to strike the boundary line established by the treaty of Grouseland, at such a distance from its commencement at114 the north-east corner of the Vincennes tract, as will leave the tract now ceded thirty miles wide at the narrowest place.
And also all that tract which shall be included between the following boundaries, viz : beginning at Fort Recovery, thence southwardly along the general boundary line, established by the treaty of Greenville, to its intersection with the boundary line established by the treaty of Grouseland ; thence along said line to a point from which a line drawn parallel to the first mentioned line will be twelve miles distant from the same, and along the said parallel line to its intersection with a line to be drawn from Fort Recovery, parallel to the line established by the said treaty of Grouseland.
Art. 2d. Equal right of the Delawares acknowledged.The Miamies explicitly acknowledge the equal right of the Delawares with themselves to the country watered by the White river. But it is also to be clearly understood that neither party shall have the right of disposing of the same without the consent of the other : and any improvements which shall be made on the said land by the Delawares, or their friends the Mochecans, shall be theirs forever. Art. 3d. Compensation.The compensation to be given for the cession made in the first article shall be ns follows, viz ; to the Delawares a permanent annuity of five hundred dollars; to the Miamies a like annuity of five hundred dollars; to the Eel river tribe a like annuity of two hundred and fifty dollars; and to the Putawatimie’s a like annuity of five hundred dollars.
Art. 4th. Manner of paying annuities.All the stipulations made in the treaty of Greenville, relatively to the manner of paying the annuities, and the right of the Indians to hunt upon the land, shall apply to the annuities granted and the land ceded by the present treaty. Art. 5th. Consent of the Wea tribe required.The consent of the Wea tribe shall be necessary to complete the title to the first tract of land here ceded ; a separate convention shall be entered into between them and the United States, and a reasonable allowance of goods given them in hand, and a permanent annuity, which shall not be less than three hundred dollars, settled upon them.
Art. 6th. Annuities, &c. to be considered full compensation.The annuities promised by the third article, and the goods now delivered to the amount of five thousand two hundred dollars, shall be considered as a full compensation for the cession made in the first article. Art. 7th. Regulations to nrevent trespasses.The tribes who are parties to this treaty being desirous of putting an end to the depredations which are committed by abandoned individuals of their own color, upon the cattle, horses, &c. of the more industrious and careful, agree to adopt the following regulations, viz : when any theft or other depredation shall be committed by any individual or individuals of one of the tribes above mentioned, upon the property of any individual or individuals of another tribe, the chiefs of the party injured shall make application to the agent of the United States, who is charged with the delivery of the annuities of the tribe to which the offending party belongs, whose duty it shall be to hear the proofs and allegations on either side, and determine between them : and the amount of his award shall be immediately deducted from the annuity of the tribe to which the offending party belongs, and given to the person injured, or to the chief of his village for his use.
Art. 8th. Relinquishment by U. S.The United States agree to relinquish their right to the reservation, at the old Ouroctenon towns, made by the treaty of Greenville, so far at least as to make no further use of it than for the establishment of a military post. TREATY WITH THE MIAMIS, ETC. 1809. 115 Art. 9th. The tribes who are parties to this treaty, being desirousKickapoos. to show their attachment to other brothers the Kickapoos, agree to cede to the United States the lands on the north-west side of the Wabash, from the Vincennes tract to a northwardly extention of the line running from the mouth of the aforesaid Raccoon creek, and fifteen miles in width from the Wabash, on condition that the United States shall allow them an annuity of four hundred dollars.
But this article is to have no effect unless the Kickapoos will agree to it. In testimony whereof, the said William Henry Harrison, and the Sachems and War Chiefs of the before-mentioned tribes, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, at Fort Wayne, this thirtieth of September, eighteen hundred and nine. WILLIAM H. HARRISON. *Delawares.* Anderson, for Hockingpomskon, who is absent, Anderson, Pelchekekapon, The Beaver, Captain Killbuck. *Putawatimies.* Winemac, Five Meddals, by his son, Mogawgo, Shissahecon, for himself and his brother Tuthinipee, Ossmeet, brother to Five Meddals, Nunousekah, Pcnaino’s son, Mosser, Chequinimo, Sackanackshut, Conengee. *Miamies.* Pucan The Owl, Meshekenoghqua, or the Little Turtle, Wapemangua, or the Leon, Oliver Heels, Shawapenotno. *Eel Rivers.* Charley, Sheshangomequah, or Swallow, The young Wyandott, a Miamie of Elk Hart.
In presence of Peter Jones, Secretary to the Commissioner. Jno. Johnston, Indian agent. A. Heald, Capt. the United States army. A. Edwards, Surgeon’s mate. Ph. Ostrander, Lieut. United States army. Jno. Shaw. Stephen Johnston. J. Hamelton, Sheriff of Dearborn County. Hendrick Aupaumut William Wells, John Conner, Joseph Barron, Abraham Ash, Sworn Interpreters. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. September 30, 1809 Treaty 7 Stat. 115 A SEPARATE ARTICLE *Entered into at fort Wayne, on the thirtieth day of September,Sept. 30, 1809.Proclamation, Jan. 16, 1810. in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and nine, between William Henry Harrison, commissioner plenipotentiary of the United Slates for treating with the Indian tribes, and the Sachems and chief warriors of the Miami and Eel river tribes of Indians, which is to be considered as forming part of the treaty this day concluded between the United States and the said tribes, and their allies the Delawares and Putawatimies.* As the greater part of the lands ceded to the United States, by the treaty this day concluded, was the exclusive property of the Miami nation and guaranteed to them by the treaty of Grouseland, it is considered by the said commissioner just and reasonable that their request to be allowed some further and additional compensation should be complied116CONVENTION WITH THE WEAS. 1809.
Additional compensation to the Miamis.with. It is therefore agreed that the United States shall deliver for their use, in the course of the next spring at fort Wayne, domestic animals to the amount of five hundred dollars, and the like number for the two following years, and that an armoree shall be also maintained at Further allowance to the Miamis, Weas and Eel Rivers.fort Wayne for the use of the Indians as heretofore. It is also agreed that if the Kickapoos confirm the ninth article of the treaty to which this is a supplement, the United States will allow to the Meamies a further permanent annuity of two hundred dollars, and to the Wea and Eel river tribes a further annuity of one hundred dollars each.
In testimony whereof, The said William Henry Harrison, and the Sachems and War Chiefs of the said tribes, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, the day and place above mentioned. WILLIAM H. HARRISON. Charley, an Eel river, Pacan, Shesbauqouoquah, or Swallow, an Eel river, The young Wyandott, a Miami or Elk Hart, Shywahbeanomo. *Miamies.**Miamies.* The Oul, Wafremanqua, or the Loon, Mushekeuoghqua, or the Little Turtle, Silver Heels. In presence of Peter Jones, Secretary to the Commissioner.
Joseph Barron. A. Edwards. William Wells. Jno. Shaw. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. October 26, 1809 Treaty 7 Stat. 116 A CONVENTION Oct. 26, 1809.Ratified, Jan. 2, 1810.Proclamation, Jan. 25, 1810.*Entered into at Vincennes, in the Indiana territory, between William Henry Harrison, commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States, for treating with the Indian tribes north-west of the Ohio and the Wea tribe.* Weas consent to the treaty of Sept. 30, 1809.The said tribe, by their Sachems and head warriors, hereby declare their full and free consent to the treaty concluded at fort Wayne, on the thirtieth ultimo, by the above mentioned commissioner, with the Delaware, Miami, Putawatimie, and Eel river tribes; and also to the separate article entered into on the same day with the Miami and Eel river tribes.
And the said commissioner, on the part of the United States, agrees to allow the said Indian tribe an additional annuity of three hundred dollars, and a present sum of fifteen hundred dollars, in consideration of the relinquishment made in the first article of said treaty ; and a further permanent annuity of one hundred dollars, as soon as the Kickapoos can be brought to give their consent to the ninth article of said treaty. In testimony whereof, the said William Henry Harrison, and the Sachems and head warriors of the said tribe, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, this twenty-sixth day of October, one thousand eight hundred and nine.
WILLIAM H. HARRISON. TREATY WITH THE KICKAPOOS. 1809. 117 Jacco, Shawanoe, Tosania, Cohona, Lapoussier Pequia, Quewa, or Negro legs, Alengua, Chequia, or Little Eyes. In the presence of Peter Jones, Secretary to the Commissioner. B. Park, one of the Judges of the Indiana Territory. Thomas Randolph, Attorney-general of Indiana. Will: Jones, of Vincennes. Saml. W. Davis, Lt. Col. Ohio State. Shadrach Bond, Jr. of the Illinois Territory. Joseph Barron, Sworn Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal.
December 9, 1809 Treaty 7 Stat. 117 A TREATY *Between the United States of America and the Kickapoo tribe ofDec. 9, 1809. Indians.* William Henry Harrison, governor of the Indiana territory andRatified, March 5, 1810.Proclamation, March 8, 1810. commissioner plenipotentiary of the United States for treating with the Indian tribes north west of the Ohio, and the Sachems and war chiefs of the Kickapoo tribe, on the part of said tribe, have agreed on the following articles, which, when ratified by the President, by and with the advice of the Senate, shall be binding on said parties.
Art. 1. The ninth article of the treaty concluded at Fort Wayne onKickapoos agree to second article of treaty of Sept. 30, 1809. the thirtieth of September last, and the cession it containes is hereby agreed to by the Kickapoos, and a permanent additional annuity of four hundred dollars, and goods to the amount of eight hundred dollars, now delivered, is to be considered as a full compensation for the said cession. Art. 2. The said tribe further agrees to cede to the United States allCession to the United States. that tract of land which lies between the tract above ceded, the Wabash, the Vermillion river, and a line to be drawn from the North corner of the said ceded tract, so as to strike the Vermilion river at the distance of twenty miles in a direct line from its mouth.
For this cession a further annuity of one hundred dollars, and the sum of seven hundred dollars in goods now delivered, is considered as a full compensation. But if the Miamies should not be willing to sanction the latter cession, and the United States should not think proper to take possession of the land without their consent, they shall be released from the obligation to pay the additional annuity of one hundred dollars. Art. 3. The stipulations contained in the treaty of Greenville, relativelyManner of paying annuity. to the manner of paying the annuity and of the right of the Indians to hunt upon the land, shall apply’ to the annuity granted and the land ceded by the present treaty.
In testimony whereof, the said William Henry Harrison, and the Sachems and head war chiefs of the said tribe, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, this ninth day of December, one thousand eight hundred and nine. (Signed) WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON. Joe Renard, Nemahson, or a Man on his feet, Knoshania or the Otter, Wakoah, or Fox Hair, Nonoah, or a Child at the breast, Moquiah, or the Bear Skin. Signed in presence of (The word seven in the second article being: written upon an erasure.
) Peter Jones, Secretary to the Commissioner. Geo. Wallace, Jun. Justice of Peace, Kentucky. Jno. Gibson, Secretary Ind. Ter. Will. Jones, Justice of Peace. E. Stout, Justice of Peace. Chas. Smith, of Vincennes. Hyacinthe Lasselle, of Vincennes. Domq. Lacroix, of Vincennes. Joseph Barron, Interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. July 22, 1814 Treaty 7 Stat. 118 A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP July 22, 1814.Ratified, Dec. 13, 1814.Proclamation, Dec. 21, 1814.*Between the United States of America, and the tribes of Indians called the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanoese, Senecas, and Miamies.* The said United States of America, by William Henry Harrison, late a major general in the army of the United States, and Lewis Cass, governor of the Michigan territory, duly authorised and appointed commissioners for the purpose, and the said tribes, by their head men, chiefs, and warriors, assembled at Greenville, in the state of Ohio, have agreed to the following articles, which, when ratified by the president of the United States, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate thereof, shall be binding upon them and the said tribes.
ARTICLE I. Peace given to the Miami nation, &c.The United States and the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanoese, and Senecas, give peace to the Miamie nation of Indians, formerly designated as the Miamie Eel River and Wcea tribes; they extend this indulgence also to the bands of the Putawatimies, which adhere to the Grand Sachem Tobinipee, and to the chief Onoxa, to the Ottawas of Blanchard’s creek, who have attached themselves to the Shawanoese tribe, and to such of the said tribe as adhere to the chief called the Wing, in the neighborhood of Detroit, and to the Kickapoos, under the direction of their chiefs who sign this treaty.
ARTICLE II. Aid to be given to U. S. in the war with Great Britain.The tribes and bands abovementioned, engage to give their aid to the United States in prosecuting the war against Great-Britain, and such of the Indian tribes as still continue hostile ; and to maire no peace with either without the consent of the United States. The assistance herein stipulated for, is to consist of such a number of their warriors from each tribe, as the president of the United States, or any officer having his authority therefor, may require.
ARTICLE III. Protection of U. S. acknowledged.The Wyandot tribe, and the Senecas of Sandusky and Stony Creek, the Delaware and Shawanoese tribes, who have preserved their fidelity to the United States throughout the war, again acknowledge themselves under the protection of the said states, and of no other power whatever ; and agree to aid the United States, in the manner stipulated for in the former article, and to make no peace but with the consent of the said states. ARTICLE IV.
U. S. will establish the boundaries, &c.In the event of a faithful performance of the conditions of this treaty, the United States will confirm and establish alt the boundaries between their lands and those of the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanoese and Miamies, as they existed previously to the commencement of the war. In testimony whereof, the said commissioners and the said head men, chiefs, and warriors, of the beforementioned tribes of Indians, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals. 118 119 TREATY WITH THE WYANDOTS, ETC. 1814.
Done at Greenville, in the state of Ohio, this twenty-second day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fourteen, and of the Independence of the United States, the thirty-ninth. WILLIAM HENRY HARRISON, LEWIS CASS. *Wyandots.* Tar-he, or crane, Har-rone-yough, or Cherokee boy, Te-ar-ront-ou-ose, or between the logs, Men-ou-cou, Rush-ar-ra, or Stookey, Se-no-shus, Zash-u-on-a, or big arm, Te-an-dut-tu-sooh, or punch, Tah-uh-sough, or John Hicks, Ron-oin-ness, or sky come down Tee-en-duo, Ron-ai-is, Omaint-si-ar-rab, or Bowyer, Tai-un-shrab, or Charles, Ti-un-dra-ha, or John Bolisle, E-lone-ni-a-rah, or shrone-seh. *Delawares.* Kick-to-he-nina, or capt.
Anderson, Le-mot-le-nuck-ques, or James Nautioke, La-o-pon-nichle, or Bauber, Jo-on-qucake, or John Queake, Kill-buck, Neach-comingd, Montgomery Montaine, Captain Buck, Hop-hoo-que, or moles, Captain White Eyes, Captain Pipe, McDaniel, Captain Snap. *Shawanoes.* Cut-e-we-cus-a, or black hoof, Tam-e-ne-tha, or butter, Pi-a-se-ka, or wolf, Pom-tha, or walker, Sha-mon-e-tho, or snake, Pem-tha-ta, or turkey flying by, We-tha-wak-a-sik-a, or yellow water, Que-ta-wah, or sinking, So-kut-che-mah, or frozen, Wy-ne-pu-ech-sika, or corn stalk, Chi-ach-ska, or captain Tom, Qui-ta-we-peh, or captain Lewis, Tea-wae-koota, or blue jacket, Tah-cum-lequah, or cross the water. *Ottawas.* Wa-tash-ne-wa, or bear’s legs, Wa-pa-chek, or white fisher, Too-ta-gen, or bell, Augh-qua-nah-quo-se, or stump tail bear, U-co-ke-nuh, or bear king. *Senecas.* Coon-tind-nau, or coffee house, Tog-won, En-dosquc-e-runt, or John Harris, Can-ta-ra-tee-roo, Cun-lah-ten-tuh-wa, or big turtle, Ron-on-nesse, or wiping stick, Co-rach-coon-ke, or reflection, or civil John, Coon-au-ta-nah-coo, See-is-ta-he, (black) Too-tee-an-dee, or Thomas Brand, Hane-use-wa, Ut-ta-wun-tus, Lut-au-ques-on, *Miamies.* Peoon, La-passiere, or Asho-non-quah, Osage, Na-to-wee-sa, Me-she-ke-le-a-ta, or the big man, Sa-na-mah-hon-go, or stone eater, Ne-she-peh-tah, or double toolh, Me-too-sa-ni-a, or Indian, Che-qui-a, or poor racoon, Wa-po-pe-cheka, Chin-go-me-ga-eboe, or owl, Ke-we-se-kong, or circular travelling, Wa-pa-sa-ba-nuh, or white racoon, Cho-ko-me-li-ne, er turtle’s brother, Pocon-do-qua or crooked, Che-que-ah, or poor racoon, a Wea, or little eyes, Sho-wi-lin-ge-shua, or open hand.
O-ka-we-a, or porcupine, Shaw-a-noe, Ma-uan-sa, or young wolf, Me-shwa-wa, or wounded, San-gwe-comya, or buffaloe, Pe-qui-a, or George, Keel-swa, or sun, Wab-se-a, or while skin, Wan-se-pe-a, or sun rise, An-ga-to-ka, or pile of wood. *Potawatamies.* Too-pin-ne-pe, O-nox-a, or five medals, Me-te-a, Con-ge, or bear’s foot, Na-nown-se-ca, Cha-gobbe, or one who sees all over, Meshon, Penosh, Che-ca-noo, Nesh-coot-a-wa, Ton-guish, Ne-baugh-qua, Ton-guish, a Chippeway, Wes-nan-e-sa, Che-chock, or crane, 120 TREATY WITH THE CREEKS. 1814.
Ke-poo-ta, Mac-kor-ta, or crow, Pu-pe-ketcha, or flat belly. *Kickapoos.* Kee-too-le, or Otter, Ma-ko-ta-ne-cote, orblack tree, She-she-pa, or duck, Wa-pe-kon-nia, or white blanket, A-coo-che, or the man hung, Che-kas-ka-ga-lon. In presence of (the words “and the Wyandots, Delawares, Shawanoese, and Senecas,” interlined in the first article before signing.) James Dill, Secretary to the commissioners. Jno, Johnston, Indian Agent. B. F. Stickney, Indian Agent. James J. Nisbet, Associate Judge of Court of Common Pleas, Preble county.
Thos. G. Gibson. Antoine Boindi, William Walker, William Conner, J. Bte. Chandonnai, Stephen Recddeed, James Peltier, Joseph Bertrand, Sworn Interpreters. Thomas Ramsey, captain 1st rifle regiment. John Conner. John Riddle, col. 1st regiment Ohio militia. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. August 9, 1814 Treaty 7 Stat. 120 ARTICLES OF AGREEMENT AND CAPITULATION, Aug. 9, 1814.Proclamation, Feb. 16, 1815.*Made and concluded this ninth day of August, one thousand eight hundred and fourteen, between major general Andrew Jackson, on behalf of the President of the United States of America, and the chiefs, deputies, and warriors of the Creek Nation.* Whereas an unprovoked, inhuman, and sanguinary war, waged by the hostile Creeks against the United States, hath been repelled, prosecuted and determined, successfully, on the part of the said States, in conformity with principles of national justice and honorable warfare—And whereas consideration is due to the rectitude of proceeding dictated by instructions relating to the re-establishment of peace :
Be it remembered, that prior to the conquest of that part of the Creek nation hostile to the United States, numberless aggressions had been committed against the peace, the property, and the lives of citizens of the United States, and those of the Creek nation in amity with her, at the mouth of Duck river, Fort Mimms, and elsewhere, contrary to national faith, and the regard due to an article of the treaty concluded at New-York, in the year seventeen hundred ninety, between the two nations ;
That the United States, previously to the perpetration of such outrages, did, in order to ensure future amity and concord between the Creek nation and the said states, in conformity with the stipulations of former treaties, fulfil, with punctuality and good faith, her engagements to the said nation : that more than two-thirds of the whole number of chiefs and warriors of the Creek nation, disregarding the genuine spirit of existing treaties, suffered themselves to be instigated to violations of their national honor, and the respect due to a part of their own nation faithful to the United States and the principles of humanity, by impostures [impostors,] denominating themselves Prophets, and by the duplicity and misrepresentation of foreign emissaries, whose governments are at war, open or understood, with the United States, Wherefore, 1st— Cession of territory by the Creeks as equivalent to the expenses of the war.The United States demand an equivalent for all expences incurred in prosecuting the war to its termination, by a cession of all the territory belonging to the Creek nation within the territories of the United States, lying west, south, and south-eastwardly, of a line to be run and described by persons duly authorized and appointed by the President of the United States—Beginning at a point on the eastern bank of the Coosa river, where the south boundary line of the Cherokee121 nation crosses the same; running from thence down the said Coosa river with its eastern hank according to its various meanders to a point one mile above the mouth of Cedar creek, at Fort Williams, thence east two miles, thence south two miles, thence west to the eastern bank of the said Coosa river, thence down the eastern bank thereof according to its various meanders to a point opposite the upper end of the great falls, (called by the natives Woetumka,) thence east from a true meridian line to a point due north of the mouth of Ofucshee, thence south by a like meridian line to the mouth of Ofucshee on the south side of the Tallapoosa river, thence up the same, according to its various meanders, to a point where a direct course will cross the same at the distance of ten miles from the mouth thereof, thence a direct line to the mouth of Summochico creek, which empties into the Chatahouchie river on the east side thereof below the Eufaulau town, thence east from a true meridian line to a point which shall intersect the line now dividing the lands claimed by the said Creek nation from those claimed and owned by the state of Georgia :
Provided, nevertheless, that where any possession of any chief or warrior of the Creek nation, who shall have been friendly to the United States during the war, and taken an active part therein, shall be within the territory ceded by these articles to the United States, every such person shall be entitled to a reservation of1817, ch. 86. land within the said territory of one mile square, to include his improvements as near the centre thereof as may be, which shall inure to the said chief or warrior, and his descendants, so long as he or they shall continue to occupy the same, who shall be protected by and subject to the laws of the United States; but upon the voluntary abandonment thereof, by such possessor or his descendants, the right of occupancy or possession of said lands shall devolve to the United States, and be identified with the right of property ceded hereby. 2nd— The United States will guarantee to the Creek nation, the integrityGuaranty of other territory of the Creeks. of all their territory eastwardly and northwardly of the said line to be run and described as mentioned in the first article. 3d— The United States demand, that the Creek nation abandon allIntercourse with British or Spanish posts to cease. communication, and cease to hold any intercourse with any British or Spanish post, garrison, or town ; and that they shall not admit among them, any agent or trader, who shall not derive authority to hold commercial, or other intercourse with them, by licence from the President or authorised agent of the United States. 4th— The United States demand an acknowledgment of the right toEstablishment of military posts. establish military posts and trading houses, and to open roads within the territory, guaranteed to the Creek nation by the second article, and a right to the free navigation of all its waters. 5th— All property taken to be surrendered.The United States demand, that a surrender be immediately made, of all the persons and property, taken from the citizens of the United States, the friendly part of the Creek nation, the Cherokee, Chickesaw, and Choctaw nations, to the respective owners; and the United States will cause to be immediately restored to the formerly hostile Creeks, all the property taken from them since their submission, either by the United States, or by any Indian nation in amity with the United States, together with all the prisoners taken from them during the war. 6th— The United States demand the caption and surrender of all theThe prophets and instigators of the war to be given up. prophets and instigators of the war, whether foreigners or natives, who have not submitted to the arms of the United States, and become parties to these articles of capitulation, if ever they shall be found within the territory guaranteed to the Creek nation by the second article. 122 7th— Supplies of corn to be presented to the Creeks.The Creek nation being reduced to extreme want, and not at present having the means of subsistance, the United States, from motives of humanity, will continue to furnish gratuitously the necessaries of life, until the crops of corn can be considered competent to yield the nation a supply, and will establish trading houses in the nation, at the discretion of the President of the United States, and at such places as he shall direct, to enable the nation, by industry and economy, to procure clothing. 8th— Permanent peace.A permanent peace shall ensue from the date of these presents forever, between the Creek nation and the United States, and between the Creek nation and the Cherokee, Chickesaw, and Choctaw nations. 9th— Lines of the territory.Lines of the territory.If in running east from the mouth of Summochico creek, it shall so happen that the settlement of the Kennards, fall within the lines of the territory hereby ceded, then, and in that case, the line shall be run east on a true meridian to Kitchofoonee creek, thence down the middle of said creek to its junction with Flint River, immediately below the Oakmulgee town, thence up the middle of Flint river to a point due east of that at which the above line struck the Kitchofoonee creek, thence east to the old line herein before mentioned, to wit : the line dividing the lands claimed by the Creek nation, from those claimed and owned by the state of Georgia.
The parties to these presents, after due consideration for themselves and their constituents, agree to, ratify and confirm the preceding articles, and constitute them the basis of a permanent peace between the two nations; and they do hereby solemnly bind themselves, and all the parties concerned and interested, to a faithful performance of every stipulation contained therein. In testimony whereof, they have hereunto interchangeably set their hands and affixed their seals, the day and date above written.
ANDREW JACKSON, Maj. Gen. Commanding 7th Military District. Tustunnuggee Thlucco, Speaker for the Upper Creeks Micco Aupocgau, of Toukaubatche Tustunnuggee Hoppoiee, Speaker of the Lower Creeks Micco Achutee, of Cowetau William M’Intosh, Major of Cowetau Tuskeo Encab, of Cussetau Faue Emautla, of Cussetau Toukaubutchee Tustunnuggee, of Hilchetee Noble Kinnard, of Hilchetee Hopoiee Hutkee, of Souwsgoolo Hopoiee Hutkee, for Hopoiee Yoholo, of Souwogoolo Folappo Haujo, of Eufaulau, on Chattohochee Pachee Haujo, of Apalachoocia Timpoaechee Bernard, Captain of Uchees Uchee Micco Yoholo Micco, of Kialijec So-cos-kee Emautla, of Kialijee Chooc-chau Haujo of Woccocoi Esholoctee of Nauchee Yoholo Micco, of Tallapoosa Eufaulau Stin-thel-lis Haujo, of Abecooches Ocfuskee Yoholo, of Tou-ta-cau-gee John O’Kelly, of Coosa Eneah Thlucco, of Immookfau Espokokoke Haujo, of Wewoka Eneah Thlucco Hopoiee, of Talesee Efau Haujo, of Puccan Tallahassee Talesee Fixico, of Ocheobofau Nomatlee Emautla, or Captain Isaacs of Cousaudes Tuskegee Emautla, or John Carr of Tuskegee Alexander Grayson, of Hillabee Loweo of Ocmulgea Nocoosee Emautla, of Chuskee Tallafan William M’Intosh, for Hopoiee Haujo, of Oose-oo-chee William M’Intosh, tor Chehahaw Tustunnuggee, of Chehahaw.
William M’Intosh, for Spokekce Tustunnuggee, of O-tel-le-who-yonnee. Done at Fort Jackson, in presence of Charles Cassedy, Acting Secretary. Benj. Hawkins, Agent for Indian Affairs. Return J. Meigs, A. C, Nation. Robert Butler, Adjutant General United States’ Army. J. C. Warren, Assistant Agent for Indian Affairs. George Mayfield, Alexander Cornels, George Lovett, Public Interpreters. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1815-07-18 Treaty 7 Stat. 123 A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP, *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, July 18, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned Chiefs and Warriors of the Poutavatamie Tribe or Nation, residing on the river Illinois, on the part and behalf of the said Tribe or Nation, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe or nation, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury or act of hostility by one or either of theInjuries, &c. forgiven. contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between allPeace and friendship per- petual. the citizens of the United States of America, and all the individuals composing the said Poutavatamie tribe or nation. Art. 3. The contracting parties hereby agree, promise, and bindPrisoners to be delivered up themselves, reciprocally, to deliver up all the prisoners now in their hands, (by what means soever the same may have come into their possession,) to the officer commanding at Fort Clarke, on the Illinois river, as soon as it may be practicable.
Art. 4. The contracting parties, in the sincerity of mutual friendship, recognise, re-establish, and confirm, all and every treaty, contract,Former treaties recognised and confirmed. and agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the Poutavatamie tribe or nation. In witness of all and every thing herein determined between the United States of America and the said Poutavatamie tribe or nation, residing on the river Illinois, we, their underwritten Commissioners and Chiefs aforesaid, by virtue of our full powers, have signed this definitive treaty, and have caused our seals to be hereunto affixed.
Done at Portage des Sioux, this eighteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth. WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Sinnawehewome, Mucketepoke, or Black Partridge, Neggeneshkek, Chawcawbeme, Bendegakewa, Wapewy, or White Hair, Ontawa. In the presence of R. Wash, Sec’y to the Commissioners. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. N. Boilvin, agent. T. Paul, C. M. Maurice Blondeaux, agt.
Manuel Lisa, agent. John Miller, col. 3d inf. Richard Chitwood, Major M. Wm. Irvine Adair, captain third regt. United States infantry. Cyrus Edwards, Saml. Solomon, Jacques Mett, Louis Decouagne, John A. Cameron, Sworn Interpreters. To the Indian names is subjoined a mark. 123 1815-07-18 Treaty 7 Stat. 124 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, July 18, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned Chiefs and Warriors of the Piankishaw Tribe or Nation, on the part and behalf of the said Tribe or Nation, of the other part.* The parties being anxious of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe or nation, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury or act of hostility by one or either of theInjuries, &c. forgiven. contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between allPerpetual peace and friendship. the citizens of the United States of America and all the individuals composing the Piankishaw tribe or nation. Art. 3. The contracting parties, in the sincerity of mutual friendship,Former treaties recognised and confirmed. recognise, re-establish, and confirm, all and every treaty, contract, or agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the said Piankishaw tribe or nation.
In witness of all and every thing herein determined between the United States of America and the said Piankishaw tribe or nation, we, their underwritten Commissioners and Chiefs aforesaid, by virtue of our full powers, have signed this definitive Treaty, and have caused our seals to be hereunto affixed. Done at Portage des Sioux, this eighteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States of America the fortieth.
WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Lamanocon, or the axe, Lameeprisjeau, or seawolf, Monsairaa, or rusty, Wapangia, or swan, Namsingsa, or the fish. In the presence of R. Wash, sec’y to the commissioners. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. N. Boilvin, agent. T. Paul, C. M. M. Maurice Blondeaux. John Hay. John Miller, col. 3d infantry. Richard Chitwood. major mt. Wm. Irvine Adair, cap. 3d reg. U. S. inf. Cyrus Edwards, Saml. Solomon, Jacques Mette, Louis Decouagne, John A.
Cameron, Sworn interpreters. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 124 July 19, 1815 Treaty 7 Stat. 125 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, July 19, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned Chiefs and Warriors of the Teeton Tribe of Indians, on the part and behalf of their said Tribe, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the late war between the United States and Great Britain, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury, or act of hostility, committed by one or Injuries, &c. forgiven. either of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship, &c. the citizens of the United States of America and all the individuals composing the said Teeton tribe; and the friendly relations that existed between them before the war, shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.
Art. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and Protection of U. S. acknowledged. their said tribe, do hereby acknowledge themselves and their aforesaid tribe to be under the protection of the United States of America, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. In witness whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the Chiefs and Warriors of the said tribe, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this nineteenth day of July, one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Eshkatapia, the player, Tatanga, the true buffaloe, Mazamanie, the walker in iron, Wanakegmawie, the stamper, Weechachamanza, the man of iron, Ikmouacoulai, the shooting tiger, Uakaheriboukai, the wind that passes, Washeejerijatgs, the left-handed French-man, Monetowanari, the bear’s soul. Done at Portage des Sioux, in the presence of R. Wash, secretary to the commission. John Miller, col. 3d infantry. H. Dodge, brig. gen. Missouri militia.
T. Paul, C. T. of the C. Manuel Lisa, agent. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. Maurice Blondeaux. John A. Cameron. Louis Decouagne. Louis Dorion. Cyrus Edwards. John Hay, Int. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 125 1815-07-19 Treaty 7 Stat. 126 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, July 19, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned Chiefs and Warriors of the Siouxs of the Lakes, on the part and behalf of their Tribe, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the late war between the United States and Great Britain, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury, or act of hostility, committed by one or Injuries, &c. forgiven. either of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship, &c. the citizens of the United States of America and all the individuals composing the said tribe of the Lakes, and all the friendly relations that existed between them before the war, shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.
Art. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and Protection of U. S. acknowledged. their said tribe, do hereby acknowledge themselves and their aforesaid tribe to be under the protection of the United States, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. In witness whereof the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners aforesaid, and the Chiefs and Warriors of the aforesaid tribe, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Tatangamanie, the walking buffaloe, Haisanwee, the horn, Aampahaa, the speaker, Nareesagata, the hard stone, Haibohaa, the branching horn. Done at Portage des Sioux, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the Commission. John Miller, col. 3d inf. T. Paul, C. T. of the C. Edmund Hall, lieut. late 28th inf. J. B. Clark, adj. 3d inf. Manuel Lisa, agent. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. Jno. W. Johnson, U. S. F. and I. agent. Maurice Blondeaux.
Lewis Decouagne. Louis Dorion. John A. Cameron. Jacques Mettee. John Hay. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 126 1815-07-19 Treaty 7 Stat. 127 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, July 19, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the Chiefs and Warriors of the Siouxs of the river St. Peter’s, on the part and behalf of their said Tribe, on the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the late war between the United States and Great Britain, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury or act of hostility committed by one or Injuries, &c. forgiven. either of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship, &c. the citizens of the United States of America and all the individuals composing the tribe of Siouxs of the river St. Peter’s; and all the friendly relations that existed between them before the war, shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.
Art. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and Protection of U. S. acknowledged. their said tribe, do hereby acknowledge themselves and their tribe to be under the protection of the United States, and of no other power, nation, or sovereign, whatsoever. In testimony whereof the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the Chiefs and Warriors of the aforesaid tribe, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Enigmance, that flies as he walks, Wasouikpsha, the falling hail, Champisaba, the black war club, Mahpiasaba, the black cloud, Tatsimaza, the iron wind, Nankihundee, who puts his foot in it. Done at Portage des Siouxs, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the commission. John Miller, col. 3d. infantry. H. Paul, C. T. of the C. John T. Chunn, brevet maj. of U. States army. Edmund Hall, lieut. late 28th inf. Manuel Lisa, agent.
Thomas Forsyth, Indian agent. Jno. W. Johnson, U. S. F. and I. agent. Maurice Blondeaux, Louis Decouagne, John A. Cameron, Louis Dorion, Jacques Mette, Sworn interpreters. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 127 1815-07-19 Treaty 7 Stat. 125 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, July 19, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned Chiefs and Warriors of the Yancion Tribe of Indians, on the part and behalf of their said Tribe, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the late war between the United States and Great Britain, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury or act of hostility committed by one or Injuries, &c. forgiven. either of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship, &c. the citizens of the United States of America, and all the individuals composing the said Yancion tribe, and all the friendly relations that existed between them before the war shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.
Art. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and Protection of U. S. acknowledged. their said tribe, do hereby acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States of America, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. In witness whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the Chiefs aforesaid, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this nineteenth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WM. CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Monlori, or white bear, Waskaijingo, or little dish, Padaniapape, or panis sticker, Chaponge, or musquitoe, Mindalonga, partisan or war chief, Weopaatowechashla, sun set, Tokayinhominee, the rock that turns, Keonorunco, fast flyer, Mazo, the iron, Haiwongeeda, one horn, Mazeharo, arrow sender. Done at the Portage des Siouxs, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the Commission. John Miller, col. 3d inf. H. Dodge, brig. gen. Missouri militia.
Manuel Lisa, agent. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. Maurice Blondeaux. Jacques Mette, John A. Cameron. T. Paul, C. T. of the Commission. Louis Decouagne. Louis Dorion. Cyrus Edwards. John Hay, interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 128 1815-07-20 Treaty 7 Stat. 129 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, July 20, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the Chiefs and Warriors of the Mahas, on the part and behalf of said Tribe or Nation, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe or nation, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the late war between the United States and Great Britain, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury or act of hostility committed by one or Injuries, &c. forgiven. either of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship, &c. the citizens of the United States of America and all the individuals composing the tribe or nation of the Mahas, and all friendly relations that existed between them before the war, shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.
Art. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and Protection of U. S. acknowledged. their said tribe or nation, do hereby acknowledge themselves and their tribe or nation to be under the protection of the United States, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. In witness whereof the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the Chiefs and Warriors of the aforesaid Tribe or Nation, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this twentieth day of July, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Oupaatanga, the big elk, Washcamanie, the hard walker, Kasheeguai, the old chief, Washowrabai, the black bird’s grandson, Osogugee, the point maker, Tatreechee, the cow’s rib, Manshaquita, the little soldier, Pissineeguai, he who has no gall. Done at Portage des Siouxs, in the presence of R. Wash, secretary to the commission. John Miller, col. 3d inf. T. Paul, C. T. of the C. Edw. Hall, lt. late 28th inf. John B. Clark, adj. 3d inf.
Manuel Lisa, agent. Thos. Forsyth, I. agent. Jno. W. Johnson, I. agent. Louis Decouagne. Louis Dorion. John A. Cameron. Jacques Mette. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 129 1815-09-02 Treaty 7 Stat. 130 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, Sept. 2, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned Chiefs, Warriors, and Deputies, of the Kickapoo Tribe or Nation, on the part and behalf of the said Tribe or Nation, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe or nation, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury or act of hostility by one or either of the Injuries, &c. forgiven. contracting parties towards the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship, &c. the citizens of the United States of America, and all the individuals composing the said Kickapoo tribe or nation. Art. 3. The contracting parties do hereby agree, promise, and oblige Prisoners to be delivered up. themselves, reciprocally, to deliver up all the prisoners now in their hands (by what means soever the same may have come into their possession) to the officer commanding at Fort Clarke, on the Illinois river, to be by him restored to their respective nations as soon as it may be practicable.
Art. 4. The contracting parties, in the sincerity of mutual friendship, Former treaties recognised and confirmed. recognize, re-establish, and confirm, all and every treaty, contract, and agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the Kickapoo tribe or nation. In witness whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the Chiefs, Warriors, and Deputies, of the said tribe, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this second day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Pauwoatam, by his representative Kenepaso, or the bond prisoner, Kiteta, or otter, Kenepaso, or the bond prisoner, Teppema, or persuader, Cokecarnbaut, or elk looking back, Paywwaynequa, or bear, Wettassa, or brave, Weywaychecawbout, or meeter, Autuppehaw, or mover, Wesheown, or dirty face. Done at Portage des Sioux, in the presence of R. Wash, secretary to the commission. T. A. Smith, B. G. U. S. A. D. Bissel, brig. gen. Stephen Byrd, col.
M. N. T. Paul, C. C. T. A. M‘Nair, d. insp. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. Pierre Menard, I. agent. Jno. W. Johnson, U. S. factor and Indian agent. Maurice Blondeaux, I. agent. Samuel Solomon, intermer. Samuel Brady, lieut. 8th U. S. inf. Joseph C. Brown. H. Battu. Samuel Whiteside, capt. Il. militia. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 130 1815-09-08 Treaty 7 Stat. 131 A TREATY *Between the United States of America and the Wyandot, Delaware, Sept. 8, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815.
Seneca, Shawanoe, Miami, Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatimie, Tribes of Indians, residing within the limits of the State of Ohio, and the Territories of Indiana and Michigan.* Whereas the Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatimie, tribes of Indians, together with certain bands of the Wyandot, Delaware, Seneca, Shawanoe, and Miami tribes, were associated with Great Britain in the late war between the United States and that power, and have manifested a disposition to be restored to the relations of peace and amity with the said States; and the President of the United States having appointed William Henry Harrison, late a Major General in the service of the United States, Duncan M‘Arthur, late a Brigadier in the service of the United States, and John Graham, Esquire, as Commissioners to treat with the said tribes; the said Commissioners and the Sachems, Headmen, and Warriors, of said tribes having met in Council at the Spring Wells, near the city of Detroit, have agreed to the following Articles, which, when ratified by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the United States, shall be binding on them and the said tribes:
Article 1. The United States give peace to the Chippewa, Ottawa, Peace given to certain tribes. and Potawatimie, tribes. Art. 2. They also agree to restore to the said Chippewa, Ottawa, Said tribes restored to the pacific relations of 1811. and Potawatimie tribes, all the possessions, rights, and privileges, which they enjoyed, or were entitled to, in the year one thousand eight hundred and eleven, prior to the commencement of the late war with Great Britain; and the said tribes, upon their part, agree again to place themselves under the protection of the United States, and of no other power whatsoever.
Art. 3. In consideration of the fidelity to the United States which U. S. pardon the hostilities of the Wyandots, Delawares, &c. has been manifested by the Wyandot, Delaware, Seneca, and Shawanoe, tribes, throughout the late war, and of the repentance of the Miami tribe, as manifested by placing themselves under the protection of the United States, by the treaty of Greenville, in eighteen hundred and fourteen, the said States agree to pardon such of the chiefs and warriors of said tribes as may have continued hostilities against them untill the close of the war with Great Britain, and to permit the chiefs of their respective tribes to restore them to the stations and property which they held previously to the war.
Art. 4. The United States and the beforementioned tribes or nations Treaty of Greenville, &c. ratified and confirmed. Ante, p. 49. of Indians, that is to say, the Wyandot, Delaware, Seneca, Shawanoe, Miami, Chippewa, Ottawa, and Potawatimies, agree to renew and confirm the treaty of Greenville, made in the year one thousand seven hundred and ninety-five, and all subsequent treaties to which they were, respectively, parties, and the same are hereby again ratified and confirmed in as full a manner as if they were inserted in this treaty.
Done at Spring Wells, the eighth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth. 131 TREATY WITH WYANDOTS, ETC. 1815. 132 In testimony whereof, they, the said Commissioners, and the Sachems, Headmen, and Warriors, of the different tribes, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals. WM. HENRY HARRISON, DUNCAN M‘ARTHUR, JOHN GRAHAM. *Wyandot Chiefs.* Tarhee, or the crane, Harrouyeon, or Cherokee boy, Sanohskee, or long house, Outoctutimoh, or cub, Myeeruh, or walk in the water, Tyanumka, Mymehamkee, or Barnett. *Shawanoe Chiefs.* Cutawekeshah, or black hoof, Nutsheway, or wolf’s brother, Tamenatha, or butter, Shemenetoo, or big snake, Outhowwaheshegath, or yellow plume, Quatawwepay, or capt.
Lewis, Meshquothree, or capt. Reed, Tecumtaquah. *Ottawa Chiefs.* Tontogenah, or the dog, Tashscuygon, or M‘Arthur, Okemas, or little chief, Nashkemah, Watashnewah, Onqunogseh, or the ugly fellow, Menitugawboway, or the devil standing, Kelystum, or first actor. *Ottawa from Mackinack.* Kemenechagon, or the bastard, Karbenequane, or the one who went in front. *Ottawa from Grand River.* Mechoquez. *A Winnebago from Mackinack.* Wassachcum, or first to start the whites. *Chippewa Chiefs.* Papeneschabee, or turn round about, Nowgeschick, or twelve o’clock, Shamanetoo, or God Almighty, Wissenesoh, Cacheonquet, or the big cloud, Pasheskiskaquashcum, Menactome, or the little fly, Enewame, or the crow, Nawaquaoto, Paenassee, or the bird. *Delaware Chiefs.* Toctowayning, or Anderson, Lamahtanoquez, Matahoopan, Aaheppan, or the buck, Jim Killback, Captain Beaver, M‘Donald. *Seneca Chiefs.* Tahumnindoyeh, or between words, Yonundankykueurent, or John Harris, Masonmea, or civil John, Saccorowahtah, or wiping stick. *Potawatomie Chiefs.* Topeeneebee, Noungeesai, or five medals, Naynauawsekaw, Jeeceance, Congee, Osheawkeebee, Waineamaygoas, Meeksawbay, Mongaw, Nawnawmee, Chay Chauk, or the crane, Wanaunaskee, Pashapow, Honkemaro, or the chief, Noungeasais, Neesscateemeemay, Nounnawkeskawaw, Chickawno, Mitteeay, Messcecawwee, Neepoashe, Kaitchaynee, Waymeego, or W.
H. Harrison, Louison, Osheouskeebee. *Miami Chiefs.* Pacan, Singomesha, or the owl, Totanang, or the butterfly, Osage, or the neutral, Wabsioung, or the white skin, Wapaassabina, or white racoon, Otteutaqua, or a blower of his breath, Makatasahina, or black racoon, Wapeshesa, or white appearance in the water, Matosamea, or Indian, Shasanbe, Shequar, or the poor racoon, Cartanquar, or the sky, Okemabenaseh, or the king bird, Wapenaseme, or the collector of birds, Mecianabee, or the setting stone, Annawaba, Mashepesheewingqua, or tiger’s face. 133TREATY WITH OSAGES. 1815.
Signed in the presence of A. L. Langham, Secretary to the Commission. Lewis Cass. James Miller, B. Gen. U. S. army. Willoughby Morgan, major U. S. army. A. B. Woodward. Hy. B. Brevoort, late major 45th inf. John Bidder, capt. U. S. corps artillery. James May, J. P. Peter Audrain, Reg. L. O. D. Jn. K. Walker, Wyandot interpreter. Francis Jansen. James Riley, interpreter. William Knaggs. Francois Mouton. John Kenzie, interpreter. F. Duchouquet, U. S. interpreter. Louis Bufait, Indian interpreter.
J. Bts. Chandonnai, interpreter. W. Knaggs. Antoine Bondi. Jean Bt. Massac. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1815-09-12 Treaty 7 Stat. 133 A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP, *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, Sept. 12, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned King, Chiefs, and Warriors, of the Great and Little Osage Tribes or Nations, on the part and behalf of their said Tribes or Nations, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribes or nations, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1.Every injury, or act of hostility, by one or either of the Injuries, &c. forgiven. contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship. the citizens of the United States of America and all the individuals composing the said Osage tribes or nations. Art. 3. The contracting parties, in the sincerity of mutual friendship, Former treaties recognised and confirmed. recognize, re-establish, and confirm, all and every treaty, contract, and agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the said Osage tribes or nations.
In witness whereof the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the King, Chiefs, and Warriors, of the said tribes or nations, have hereunto subscribed their names, and affixed their seals, this twelfth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth. WM. CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Teshuhimga, or white hair, Caygaywachepeche, or die bad chiefs, Couchestawasta, or the one who sees far, Gradamansa, or iron kite, Mansa, Wanougpacha, or he who fears not, Hurate, the pipe bird, Wasabatougga, big bear, Nekagahre, he who beats the men, Mekewatanege, he who carries the sun, Nangawahagea, Kemanha, the wind facer of the Arkansaw band. 134TREATY WITH SACS. 1815. *The Little Osages.* Caygatangga, the great chief, Nechoumanee, the walking rain, Watashiga, he who has done little, Nehojamega, without ears, Ososhingga, the little point, Akidstangga, the big soldier, Wabesongge, Nehreegnegawachepecha, Greenachee, he who arrives, Wahadanes, of the Missouri tribe, Aseega, the little horn, Mahagrahra, the cutter.
Done at Portage des Siouxs, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the commission. Thomas Levens, lieut. col. commanding 1st regt. I. T. P. Chouteau, agent Osages. T. Paul, C. C. T. Jas. B. Moore, capt. Samuel Whiteside, capt. Jno. W. Johnson, U. S. factor and Indian agent. Maurice Blondeaux. Samuel Solomon, Noel Mograine, Interpreters. P. L. Chouteau. Daniel Converse, 3d lieut. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1815-09-13 Treaty 7 Stat. 134 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, Sept. 13, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned Chiefs and Warriors of that portion of the Sac Nation of Indians now residing on the Missouri river, of the other part.* Whereas the undersigned chiefs and warriors, as well as that portion of the nation which they represent, have at all times been desirous of fulfilling their treaty with the United States, with perfect good faith; and for that purpose found themselves compelled, since the commencement of the late war, to separate themselves from the rest of their nation, and remove to the Missouri river, where they have continued to give proofs of their friendship and fidelity; and whereas the United States, justly appreciating the conduct of said Indians, are disposed to do them the most ample justice that is practicable; the said parties have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and The Sacs assent to treaty of Nov. 3, 1804, &c. that portion of the Sacs which they represent, do hereby assent to the treaty between the United States of America and the united tribes of Sacs and Foxes, which was concluded at St. Louis, on the third day of November, one thousand eight hundred and four; and they moreover promise to do all in their power to re-establish and enforce the same. Art. 2. The said chiefs and warriors, for themselves and those they The Sacs of Missouri promise to remain separate from Sacs of Rock river, &c. represent, do further promise to remain distinct and separate from the Sacs of Rock river, giving them no aid or assistance whatever, until peace shall also be concluded between the United States and the said Sacs of Rock river.
Art. 3. The United States, on their part, promise to allow the said Allowance to Sacs of Missouri. Sacs of the Missouri river all the rights and privileges secured to them by the treaty of St. Louis beforementioned, and also, as soon as practicable, to furnish them with a just proportion of the annuities stipulated to be paid by that treaty; provided they shall continue to comply with this and their former treaty. 135TREATY WITH FOXES. 1815. In witness whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the aforesaid Chiefs and Warriors, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this thirteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WM. CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Shamaga, the lance, Weesaka, the Devil, Catchemeckeseo, the big eagle, Chekaqua, he that stands by the tree, Kataka, or sturgeon, Mecaitch, the eagle, Neshota, the twin, Quashquammee, the jumping fish, Chagosort, the blues’ son, Pocama, the plumb, Namachewana, Chaha, the Sioux, Nanochaatasa, the brave by hazard. Done at Portage des Siouxs, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary of the Commission. Thomas Levers, lieut. col. commanding 1st regt.
I. T. PF. Chouteau, agent. T. Paul, C. C. T. Jas. B. Moore, capt. Samuel Whiteside, capt. Jno. W. Johnson, U. S. factor and Indian agent. Maurice Blondeaux. Samuel Solomon, Noel Mograine, Interpreters. Daniel Converse, 3d lieut. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1815-09-14 Treaty 7 Stat. 135 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, Sept. 14, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned King, Chiefs, and Warriors, of the Fox Tribe or Nation, on the part and behalf of the said Tribe or nation, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe or nation, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury or act of hostility by one or either of the Injuries, &c. forgiven. contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between the Perpetual peace and friendship. citizens of the United States of America and all the individuals composing the said Fox tribe or nation. Art. 3. The contracting parties do hereby agree, promise, and oblige Prisoners to be delivered up. themselves, reciprocally, to deliver up all the prisoners now in their hands, (by what means soever the same may have come into their possession,) to the officer commanding at Fort Clark, on the Illinois river, to be by him restored to their respective nations as soon as it may be practicable.
Art. 4. The said Fox tribe or nation do hereby assent to, recognize, Treaty of St. Louis, of Nov. 3, 1804, confirmed. re-establish, and confirm, the treaty of St. Louis, which was concluded on the third day of November, one thousand eight hundred and four, to 136TREATY WITH IOWAS. 1815. the full extent of their interest in the same, as well as all other contracts and agreements between the parties; and the United States promise to fulfil all the stipulations contained in the said treaty in favor of the said Fox tribe or nation.
In witness whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the aforesaid King, Chiefs, and Warriors, of the Fox Tribe or Nation aforesaid, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this fourteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth. WM. CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Pieremaskin, the fox who walks crooked, Muckkatawagout, black cloud, Namasosananmt, he who surpasses others, Waspaca, Mackkatananamakee, the black thunder, Pashechenene, the liar, Wapasai, the white skin, Catchacommu, big lake, Malasenokama, the war chief, Kechaswa, the sun, Mataqua, the medical woman, Paquampa, the bear that sits, Aquoqna, the kettle, Nemarqua, Machenamau, the bad fish, Pesotaka, the flying fish, Mishecaqua, the hairy legs, Capontwa, all at once, Mowhinin, the wolf, Obigou, Wonakasa, the quick riser, Nanatawaka, the scenting fox.
Done at Portage des Siouxs, in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the Commission. Thomas Levens, lt. col. comdt. 1 regt. I. T. P. Chouteau, agent. T. Paul, C. C. T. Jas. B. Moore, capt. Samuel Whiteside, capt. Jno. W. Johnson, U. S. factor and I. agent. Maurice Blondeaux. Samuel Solomon, interpreter. Noel Mograine, interpreter. Daniel Converse, 3d lieut. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1815-09-16 Treaty 7 Stat. 136 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, Sept. 16, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815. and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned, King, Chiefs, and Warriors, of the Laway Tribe or Nation, on the part and behalf of the said Tribe or Nation, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe or nation, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury, or act of hostility, by one or either of the Injuries, &c. forgiven. contracting parties against the other shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship. the citizens of the United States and all the individuals composing the said Laway tribe or nation. 137TREATY WITH KANSAS. 1815. Art. 3. The contracting parties do hereby agree, promise, and oblige Prisoners to be delivered up. themselves, reciprocally to deliver up all the prisoners now in their hands, (by what means soever the same may have come into their possession,) to the officer commanding at St.
Louis, to be by him restored to their respective nations, as soon as it may be practicable. Art. 4. The contracting parties, in the sincerity of mutual friendship, Former treaties recognised and confirmed. recognize, re-establish, and confirm, all and every treaty, contract, and agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the said Laway tribe or nation. In witness whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the aforesaid King, Chiefs, and Warriors, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this sixteenth day of September, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Wyingwaha, or hard heart, Wongehehronyne, or big chief, Wonehee, or the slave, Hahraga, the forked horn, Eniswhanee, the big axe, Washcommanee, the great marcher, Wyimppishcoonee, the ill-humored man, Ranoingga, the little pipe, Wohomppee, the broth, Shongatong, the horse jockey, Nahocheininugga, without ears, Conja, the plumb, Chahowhrowpa, the dew-lap, Manuhanu, the great walker, Chapee, the pine buffaloe, Okugwata, the roller, Ishtagrasa, grey eyes.
Done at Portage des Sioux, in the presence of R. Wash, secretary to the commission. D. Bissel, brig. gen. T. Paul, C. C. T. Samuel Brady, lieut. Geo. Fisher, surgeon Illinois regt. P. Chouteau, agent. Jno. W. Johnson, U. S. factor and I. agent. Samuel Solomon, interpreter. Maurice Blondeaux, agt. Louis Dorion. Dennis Julien. Jas. M‘Colloch, capt. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1815-10-28 Treaty 7 Stat. 137 *Made and concluded between Ninian Edwards and Auguste Oct. 28, 1815.Ratified, Dec. 26, 1815.
Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of one part; and the undersigned Chiefs and Warriors of the Kansas Tribe of Indians, on the part and behalf of their said Tribe, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and their said tribe, and of being placed, in all things, and in every respect, upon the same footing upon which they stood before the late war between the United States and Great Britain, have agreed to the following articles:
Article 1. Every injury or act of hostility by one or either of the Injuries, &c. forgiven. contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. 138TREATY WITH CHEROKEES. 1816. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship. the citizens of the United States of America and all the individuals composing the said Kanzas tribe, and all the friendly relations that existed between them before the war shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.
Art. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and Protection of U. S. acknowledged. their said tribe, do hereby acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States of America, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. In witness whereof, the said Ninian Edwards and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners as aforesaid, and the Chiefs aforesaid, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this twenty-eighth day of October, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Cayezettanzaw, or the big chief, Niedapy, Hazeware, or the buck elk running after the doe, Wahangashy, or the endless, Cayegasheengaw, or the little chief, Manshonskaw, or the white plume, Cayegettsagesheengaw, or the old chief, Mocupamawny, or the walking cloud, Washangare, Egashabe, Kaehamony, or the floating down stream, Opasheega, Karahsheengaw, or the little crow, Metanegaw, or the foolish robe, Wehurasudge, or the red eagle, Necolebran, or he who can smell a man, Mannanedge, Watankegaw, Taritchu, or the cow’s rib.
Done in St. Louis, in presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the Commission. T. Paul, C. T. of the C. Ja. Kennerly, C. I. dept. Christian Witt. Gabriel S. Chouteau, ensign M. M. G. H. Kennerly. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. Taylor Berry. Antoine Barada, Paul Desjardins, Interpreters. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1816-03-22 Treaty 7 Stat. 138 ARTICLES OF A TREATY *Made and concluded at the City of Washington, on the twenty-second March 22, 1816.Ratified, April 8, 1816. day of March, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen, between George Graham, being specially authorized by the President of the United States thereto, and the undersigned Chiefs and Headmen of the Cherokee Nation, duly authorized and empowered by the said Nation.* Article 1.
Whereas the Executive of the State of South Carolina Cession by Cherokees to South Carolina. has made an application to the President of the United States to extinguish the claim of the Cherokee nation to that part of their lands which lye within the boundaries of the said State, as lately established and agreed upon between that State and the State of North Carolina; and as the Cherokee nation is disposed to comply with the wishes of their brothers of South Carolina, they have agreed and do hereby agree to cede to the State of South Carolina, and forever quit claim to, the tract of country contained within the following bounds, viz.: beginning on Bounds of the cession. the east bank of the Chattuga river, where the boundary line of the Cherokee nation crosses the same, running thence, with the said boun-139dary line, to a rock on the Blue Ridge, where the boundary line crosses the same, and which rock has been lately established as a corner to the States of North and South Carolina; running thence, south, sixty-eight and a quarter degrees west, twenty miles and thirty-two chains, to a rock on the Chattuga river at the thirty-fifth degree of north latitude, another corner of the boundaries agreed upon by the States of North and South Carolina; thence, down and with the Chattuga, to the beginning.
Art. 2. For and in consideration of the above cession, the United U. S. engage for the payment of $5000 by South Carolina. States promise and engage that the State of South Carolina shall pay to the Cherokee nation, or its accredited agent, the sum of five thousand dollars, within ninety days after the President and Senate shall have ratified this treaty: *Provided,* That the Cherokee nation shall have Proviso. sanctioned the same in Council: *And provided also,* That the Executive of the State of South Carolina shall approve of the stipulations contained in this article.
In testimony whereof, the said Commissioner, and the undersigned Chiefs and Headmen of the Cherokee Nation, have hereunto set their hands and seals. GEORGE GRAHAM. Colonel John Lowry, Major John Walker, Major Ridge, Richard Taylor, John Ross, Cheucunsene. Witnesses present at signing and sealing:—Return J. Meigs, Jacob Laub, Gid: Davis. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1816-03-22 Convention 7 Stat. 139 ARTICLES OF A CONVENTION *Made and entered into between George Graham, specially authorized March 22, 1816.Ratified, April 8, 1816. thereto by the President of the United States, and the undersigned Chiefs and Headmen of the Cherokee Nation, duly authorized and empowered by the said Nation.* Article 1.
Whereas doubts have existed in relation to the northern Doubts about boundary. boundary of that part of the Creek lands lying west of the Coosa river, and which were ceded to the United States by the treaty held at Fort Jackson, on the ninth day of August, one thousand eight hundred and fourteen; and whereas, by the third article of the Treaty, dated the seventh of January, one thousand eight hundred and six, between the United States and the Cherokee nation, the United States have recognised a claim on the part of the Cherokee nation to the lands south of the Big Bend of the Tennessee river, and extending as far west as a place on the waters of Bear Creek, [a branch of the Tennessee river,] known by the name of the Flat Rock, or Stone; it is, therefore, now Boundary line designated and established. declared and agreed, that a line shall be run from a point on the west bank of the Coosa river, opposite to the lower end of the Ten Islands in said river, and above Fort Strother, directly to the Flat Rock or Stone, on Bear Creek, [a branch of the Tennessee river;] which line shall be established as the boundary of the lands ceded by the Creek nation to the United States by the treaty held at Fort Jackson, on the ninth day of August, one thousand eight hundred and fourteen, and of the lands claimed by the Cherokee nation lying west of the Coosa and south of the Tennessee rivers. 140 Art. 2.
It is expressly agreed on the part of the Cherokee nation U. S. to have the right of opening and using roads, &c. in the Cherokee nation. that the United States shall have the right to lay off, open, and have the free use of, such road or roads, through any part of the Cherokee nation, lying north of the boundary line now established, as may be deemed necessary for the free intercourse between the States of Tennessee and Georgia and the Mississippi Territory. And the citizens of the United States shall freely navigate and use, as a highway, all the rivers and waters within the Cherokee nation.
The Cherokee nation further agree Cherokees to keep up public houses, &c. to establish and keep up, on the roads to be opened under the sanction of this article, such ferries and public houses as may be necessary for the accommodation of the citizens of the United States. Art. 3. In order to preclude any dispute hereafter, relative to the Commissioners to run the boundary line. boundary line now established, it is hereby agreed that the Cherokee nation shall appoint two commissioners to accompany the commissioners already appointed on the part of the United States, to run the boundary lines of the lands ceded by the Creek nation to the United States, while they are engaged in running that part of the boundary established by the first article of this treaty.
Art. 4. In order to avoid unnecessary expense and delay, it is further Commissioners to lay off roads. agreed that, whenever the President of the United States may deem it expedient to open a road through any part of the Cherokee nation, in pursuance of the stipulations of the second article of this Convention, the principal chief of the Cherokee nation shall appoint one commissioner to accompany the commissioners appointed by the President of the United States, to lay off and mark the road; and the said commissioner To be paid by the U.
S. shall be paid by the United States. Art. 5. The United States agree to indemnify the individuals of the Indemnity to Cherokees. Cherokee nation for losses sustained by them in consequence of the march of the militia and other troops in the service of the United States through that nation; which losses have been ascertained by the agents of the United States to amount to twenty-five thousand five hundred dollars. In testimony whereof the said Commissioner, and the undersigned Chiefs and Headmen of the Cherokee Nation, have hereunto set their hands and seals.
Done at the City of Washington, this twenty-second day of March, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen. GEORGE GRAHAM. Colonel John Lowry, Major John Walker, Major Ridge, Richard Taylor, John Ross, Cheucunsene. Witnesses present at signing and sealing,—Return J. Meigs, Jacob Laub, Gid: Davis. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1816-05-13 Treaty 7 Stat. 141 A TREATY OF PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, May 13, 1816.Proclamation, Dec. 30, 1816. and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said states, of the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors of the Sacs of Rock river and the adjacent country, of the other part.* Whereas by the ninth article of the treaty of peace, which was concluded Preamble. on the twenty-fourth day of December, eighteen hundred and fourteen, between the United States and Great Britain, at Ghent, and which was ratified by the president, with the advice and consent of the senate, on the seventeenth day of February, eighteen hundred and fifteen, it was stipulated that the said parties should severally put an end to all hostilities with the Indian tribes, with whom they might be at war, at the time of the ratification of said treaty; and to place the said tribes inhabiting their respective territories, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war:
Provided, they should agree to desist from all hostilities against the said parties, their citizens or subjects respectively, upon the ratification of the said treaty being notified to them, and should so desist accordingly. And whereas the United States being determined to execute every article of the treaty with perfect good faith, and wishing to be particularly exact in the execution of the article above alluded to, relating to the Indian tribes: The president, in consequence thereof, for that purpose, on the eleventh day of March, eighteen hundred and fifteen, appointed the undersigned William Clark, governor of Missouri territory, Ninian Edwards, governor of Illinois territory, and Auguste Chouteau, esq. of the Missouri territory, commissioners, with full power to conclude a treaty of peace and amity with all those tribes of Indians, conformably to the stipulations contained in the said article, on the part of the United States, in relation to such tribes.
And whereas the commissioners, in conformity with their instructions in the early part of last year, notified the Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, of the time of the ratification of said treaty; of the stipulations it contained in relation to them; of the disposition of the American government to fulfil those stipulations, by entering into a treaty with them, conformably thereto; and invited the said Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, to send forward a deputation of their chiefs to meet the said commissioners at Portage des Sioux, for the purpose of concluding such a treaty as aforesaid, between the United States and the said Indians, and the said Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, having not only declined that friendly overture, but having continued their hostilities, and committed many depredations thereafter, which would have justified the infliction of the severest chastisement upon them; but having earnestly repented of their conduct, now imploring mercy, and being anxious to return to the habits of peace and friendship with the United States; and the latter being always disposed to pursue the most liberal and humane policy towards the Indian tribes within their territory, preferring their reclamation by peaceful measures, to their punishment, by the application of the military force of the nation—Now, therefore, 141 TREATY WITH THE SACS. 1816. 142 The said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners as aforesaid, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors, as aforesaid, for the purpose of restoring peace and friendship between the parties, do agree to the following articles:
Art. 1. The Sacs of Rock river, and the adjacent country, do hereby Treaty of St. Louis, of Nov. 3, 1804, confirmed. Ante, p. 84. unconditionally assent to recognize, re-establish, and confirm the treaty between the United States of America and the united tribes of Sacs and Foxes, which was concluded at St. Louis, on the third day of November, one thousand eight hundred and four; as well as all other contracts and agreements, heretofore made between the Sac tribe or nation, and the United States.
Art. 2. The United States agree to place the aforesaid Sacs of Rock Sacs placed on the same footing as before the war; provided, &c. river, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war; provided they shall, on or before the first day of July next, deliver up to the officer commanding at cautionment Davis, on the Mississippi, all the property they, or any part of their tribe, have plundered or stolen from the citizens of the United States, since they were notified, as aforesaid, of the time of the ratification of the late treaty between the United States and Great Britain.
Art. 3. If the said tribe shall fail or neglect to deliver up the property Consequences of a failure or neglect to deliver up property. aforesaid, or any part thereof, on or before the first day of July aforesaid, they shall forfeit to the United States all right and title to their proportion of the annuities which, by the treaty of St. Louis, were covenanted to be paid to the Sac tribe; and the United States shall for ever afterwards be exonerated from the payment of so much of said annuities as, upon a fair distribution, would fall to the share of that portion of the Sacs who are represented by the undersigned chiefs and warriors.
Art. 4. This treaty shall take effect and be obligatory on the contracting When to take effect. parties, unless the same shall be disapproved by the president and senate of the United States, or by the president only; and in the mean time all hostilities shall cease from this date. In testimony whereof, the said William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners as aforesaid, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, this thirteenth day of May, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen.
WM. CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. Anowart, or the One who Speaks, Namawenane, or Sturgeon Man, Nasawarku, the Fork, Namatchesa, the Jumping Sturgeon, Matchequawa, the Bad Axe, Mashco, Young Eagle, Aquaosa, a Lion coming out of the Water, Mucketamachekaka, Black Sparrow Hawk, Poinaketa, the Cloud that don’t stop, Mealeseta, Bad Weather, Anawashqueth, the Bad Root, Wassekenequa, Sharp-faced Bear, Sakeetoo, the Thunder that Frightens, Warpaloka, the Humbling Thunder, Kemeslesha, the Swan that flies in the Rain, Pashekomack, the Swan that flies low, Keotasheka, the Running Partridge, Wapalamo, the White Wolf, Caskupwa, the Swan whose wings crack when he flies, Napetaka, he who has a Swan’s throat around his neck, Mashashe, the Fox, Wapamukqua, the White Bear.
St. Louis, May 13th, 1816. Done in the presence of R. Wash, Secretary to the commission. R. Paul, C. T. of the C. J. Bt. Caron, Samuel Solomon, Interpreters, Joshua Norvell, Judge Adv. M. M. Joseph Perkins. Joseph Charless. B. G. Tavar. Charles Wm. Hunter. Cerré. M. La Croix. Guyol de Guirano. Boon Ingels. Moses Scott. James Sawyer. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1816-06-01 Treaty 7 Stat. 143 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, June 1, 1816.Proclamation, Dec. 30, 1816. and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said states, of the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors, representing eight bands of the Siouxs, composing the three tribes called the Siouxs of the Leaf, the Siouxs of the Broad Leaf, and the Siouxs who shoot in the Pine Tops, on the part and behalf of their said tribes, of the other part.* The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribes, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the late war between the United States and Great Britain, have agreed to the following articles:
Art. 1. Every injury or act of hostility, committed by one or either Injuries, &c. forgiven. of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot. Art. 2. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all Perpetual peace and friendship, &c. the citizens of the United States, and all the individuals composing the aforesaid tribes; and all the friendly relations that existed between them before the war shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed.
Art. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and Former cessions, treaties, &c. confirmed. their tribes respectively, do, by these presents, confirm to the United States all and every cession, or cessions, of land heretofore made by their tribes to the British, French, or Spanish government, within the limits of the United States or their territories; and the parties here contracting do, moreover, in the sincerity of mutual friendship, recognise, re-establish, and confirm, all and every treaty, contract, and agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the said tribes or nations.
Art. 4. The undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, for themselves Protection of U. S. acknowledged. and their said tribes, do hereby acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. In witness whereof, the commissioners aforesaid, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this first day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixteen, and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WILLIAM CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. 143 TREATY WITH THE WINNEBAGOES. 1816. 144 Tatamanee, the Marching Wind, Warmadearwar-up, the Man who looks at the Calumet Eagle, Peneshon, Kanggawachecha, or French Crow, Eanggamanee, the Runner, Tatangaseartop, the Playing Buffalo, Tatanggamarnee, the Walking Buffalo, or Red Wing, Warseconta, who shoots in the Pine Tops, Weeshto, the Shoulder, Warmarnosa, the Thief, Shutkaongka, the Bird on the Limb, Shakaska, White Nails, Shuskamanee, the Walking Bird, Manakohomonee, the Turning Iron, Oocus, the Watchman, Pahataka, the Humming Bird, Eaohungko, the Man who marches quick, Medermee, the Muddy Lake, Tatawaka, the Medicine Wind, Warshushasta, the Bad Hall, Eoshark, the Belly-Ache, Tuquaacundup, the Doctor, Onudokea, the Fluttering Eagle, Tusarquarp, he that walks with a Cane, Markpeasena, the Black Cloud, Warksuamance, the Man who is sick when he walks, Otanggamanee, the Man with a strong Voice, Hungkrehearpee, or the Half of his Body Gray, Warpearmusee, the Iron Cloud, Etoagungamanee, the White Face, Warchesuosupa, the Negro, Ehaarp, the Climber, Nahre, the Shifting Shadow, Hapula, the fourth Son, Marcawachup, the Dancer, Shantanggaup, the Big Tree, Shongkaska, the White Big-eared Dog, Hasanee, the Buffalo with one Horn, Narissakata, the Old Man who can hardly Walk, Aearpa, the Speaker, Muckpeasarp, the Black Cloud.
Done at St. Louis, in the presence of R. Wash, secretary to the commission. R. Paul, C. T. of the C. Wm. O. Allen, captain United States corps Artillery. H. S. Geyer. Joshua Norvell, Judge Advocate, M. M. N. Boilvin, agent. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. Maurice Blondeaux, Sau. agt. Henry Delorier, interpreter. Pierre Lapointe, interpreter. Samuel Solomon, interpreter. Jacques Mette, interpreter. Cerré. Richard Cave. Willi Cave. Julius Pescay. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1816-06-03 Treaty 7 Stat. 144 *Made and concluded between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, June 3, 1816.Proclamation, Dec. 30, 1816. and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said states, of the one part, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors of that portion of the Winnebago tribe or nation residing on the Ouisconsin river, of the other part.* Whereas the undersigned chiefs and warriors, as well as that portion of the nation which they represent, have separated themselves from the rest of their nation, and reside in a village on the Ouisconsin river, and are desirous of returning to a state of friendly relations with the United States, the parties hereto have agreed to the following articles:
Art. 1. Every injury or act of hostility, committed by one or either Injuries, &c. forgiven. of the contracting parties against the other, shall be mutually forgiven and forgot; and all the friendly relations that existed between them before the late war, shall be, and the same are hereby, renewed. Art. 2. The undersigned chiefs and warriors, for themselves and Former cessions, treaties, &c. confirmed. those they represent, do, by these presents, confirm to the United States all and every cession of land heretofore made by their nation to the British, French, or Spanish government, within the limits of the United States, or their territories; and also, all and every treaty, contract, and 145TREATY WITH THE WEAS AND KICKAPOOS. 1816. agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the said tribe or nation, as far as their interest in the same extends.
Art. 3. The undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, for themselves Protection of U. S. acknowledged. and those they represent, do hereby acknowledge themselves to be under the protection of the United States, and of no other nation, power, or sovereign, whatsoever. Art. 4. The aforesaid chiefs and warriors, for themselves and those Indians to remain distinct from the rest of their tribe. they represent, do further promise to remain distinct and separate from the rest of their tribe or nation, giving them no aid or assistance whatever, until peace shall also be concluded between the United States and the said tribe or nation.
Art. 5. The contracting parties do hereby agree, promise, and oblige Prisoners to be delivered up. themselves, reciprocally, to deliver up all prisoners now in their hands (by what means soever the same may have come into their possession) to the officer commanding at Prairie du Chien, to be by him restored to the respective parties hereto, as soon as it may be practicable. In witness whereof, the commissioners aforesaid, and the undersigned chiefs and warriors as aforesaid, have hereunto subscribed their names, and affixed their seals, this third day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixteen and of the independence of the United States the fortieth.
WM. CLARK, NINIAN EDWARDS, AUG. CHOUTEAU. Choukeka, or Dekare, the spoon, Onuuska, or Karamenu, Achahouska, the White Sky, Chenapinka, the Good House, Makahka, the Earth, Wechoka, the Green Feather, Shougkapar, the Dog, Nekousaka, the Main Channel, Wapanonekee, the Bear, Opwarchickwaka, the Rain, Chepurganika, the Little Buffalo Head. Done at St. Louis, in the presence of R. Wash, secretary to the commission. R. Paul, C. T. of the C. Wm. O. Allen, captain U. S. Corps of Artillery.
N. Boilvin, agent. Thomas Forsyth, I. agent. Maurice Blondeaux, agent. Henry Delorier, Pierre Lapointe, Baptiste Pereault, Samuel Solomon, and Jacques Mette, Interpreters. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1816-06-04 Treaty 7 Stat. 145 ARTICLES OF A TREATY *Made and entered into at Fort Harrison, in the Indiana Territory June 4, 1816.Proclamation, Dec. 30, 1816. between Benjamin Parke, specially authorized thereto by the president of the United States, of the one part, and the tribes of Indians called the Weas and Kickapoos, by their chiefs and head men, of the other part.* Art. 1.
The Weas and Kickapoos again acknowledge themselves in Peace and friendship. peace and friendship with the United States. Art. 2. The said tribes acknowledge the validity of, and declare Treaty of Greenville confirmed. their determination to adhere to, the treaty of Greenville, made in the year seventeen hundred and ninety-five, and all subsequent treaties which they have respectively made with the United States. 146TREATY WITH THE OTTAWAS, ETC. 1816. Art. 3. The boundary line, surveyed and marked by the United Boundary line confirmed.
States, of the land on the Wabash and White rivers, ceded in the year eighteen hundred and nine, the said tribes do hereby explicitly recognise and confirm, as having been executed conformably to the several treaties they have made with the United States. Art. 4. The chiefs and warriors of the said tribe of the Kickapoos Kickapoos acknowledge a former cession. acknowledge that they have ceded to the United States all that tract of country which lies between the aforesaid boundary line on the north west side of the Wabash—the Wabash, the Vermillion river, and a line to be drawn from the north west corner of the said boundary line, so as to strike the Vermillion river twenty miles in a direct line from its mouth, according to the terms and conditions of the treaty they made with the United States on the ninth day of December, in the year eighteen hundred and nine.
In testimony whereof, the said Benjamin Parke, and the chiefs and head men of the said tribes, have hereunto set their hands and affixed their seals, at Fort Harrison, in the Indiana Territory, the fourth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixteen. B. PARKE. *Weas.* Mesaupeckaunga, or Gamlan, Jacco, Kesanguekamya, or Buffalo, Chequiha, or Little Eyes, Mahquakouonga, or Negro Legs, Pequaiah, or George, Kenokosetah, or Long Body, Owl, (a Miami) Manchekelealah, or Big Man, (a Miami.) *Kickapoos.* Sheshepah, or Little Duck, Kaanehkaka, or Drunkard’s Son, Shekonah, or Stone, Mahquah, or Bear, Penashee, or Little Turkey, Mehtahkokeah, Big Tree, Mauquasconiah, Big Tree, Keetahtey, or Little Otter, Nepiseeah, Blackherry, Pehsquonatah, Blackberry Flower, Tecomthena, Track in Prairie.
Done in the presence of John L. M‘Cullough, secretary to the commissioner. John T. Chumm, major, commanding Fort Harrison. Gab. I. Floyd, lieutenant United States army. Th. M‘Call, of Vincennes. Hen. Gilham, of do. N. B. Bailey, of do. Geo. C. Copp. Michael Brouillet, anteprete au for arisonne. Joseph Barron, sworn interpreter. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1816-08-24 Treaty 7 Stat. 146 A TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, AND LIMITS, *Made and concluded between Ninian Edwards, William Clark, Aug. 24, 1816.Proclamation, Dec. 30, 1816. and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of said states, of the one part, and the chiefs and warriors of the united tribes of Ottawa, Chipanoas, and Poltowotones, residing on the Illinois and Melvake rivers, and their waters, and on the southwestern parts of Lake Michigan, of the other part.* Whereas a serious dispute has for some time past existed between the contracting parties relative to the right to a part of the lands ceded to the United States by the tribes of Sacs and Foxes, on the third day of November, one thousand eight hundred and four, and both parties being desirous of preserving a harmonious and friendly intercourse, and 147 of establishing permanent peace and friendship, have, for the purpose of removing all difficulties, agreed to the following terms:
Art. 1. The said chiefs and warriors, for themselves and the tribes Cession to the United States. they represent, agree to relinquish, and hereby do relinquish, to the United States, all their right, claim, and title, to all the land contained in the before-mentioned cession of the Sacs and Foxes, which lies south of a due west line from the southern extremity of Lake Michigan to the Mississippi river. And they moreover cede to the United States all the land contained within the following bounds, to wit: beginning on the left bank of the Fox river of Illinois, ten miles above the mouth of said Fox river; thence running so as to cross Sandy creek, ten miles above its mouth; thence, in a direct line, to a point ten miles north of the west end of the Portage, between Chicago creek, which empties into Lake Michigan, and the river Depicines, a fork of the Illinois; thence, in a direct line, to a point on Lake Michigan, ten miles northward of the mouth of Chicago creek; thence, along the lake, to a point ten miles southward of the mouth of the said Chicago creek; thence, in a direct line, to a point on the Kankakee, ten miles above its mouth; thence, with the said Kankakee and the Illinois river, to the mouth of Fox river, and thence to the beginning: *Provided, nevertheless,* That Proviso. the said tribes shall be permitted to hunt and to fish within the limits of the land hereby relinquished and ceded, so long as it may continue to be the property of the United States.
Art. 2. In consideration of the aforesaid relinquishment and cession, Consideration. the United States have this day delivered to said tribes a considerable quantity of merchandise, and do agree to pay them, annually, for the term of twelve years, goods to the value of one thousand dollars, reckoning that value at the first cost of the goods in the city or place in which they shall be purchased, without any charge for transportation; which said goods shall be delivered to the said tribes at some place on the Illinois river, not lower down than Peoria.
And the said United States Relinquishment by U. S. do moreover agree to relinquish to the said tribes all the land contained in the aforesaid cession of the Sacs and Foxes, which lies north of a due west line, from the southern extremity of Lake Michigan to the Mississippi river, except three leagues square at the mouth of the Ouisconsing River, including both banks, and such other tracts, on or near to the Ouisconsing and Mississippi rivers, as the president of the United States may think proper to reserve: *Provided,* That such other Proviso. tracts shall not in the whole exceed the quantity that would be contained in five leagues square.
Art. 3. The contracting parties, that peace and friendship may be Peace and friendship. permanent, promise that in all things whatever, they will act with justice and correctness towards each other, and that they will, with perfect good faith, fulfill all the obligations imposed upon them by former treaties. In witness whereof, the said Ninian Edwards, William Clark, and Auguste Chouteau, commissioners aforesaid, and the chiefs and warriors of the aforesaid tribes, have hereunto subscribed their names and affixed their seals, this twenty-fourth day of August, one thousand eight hundred and sixteen, and of the independence of the United States the forty-first.
NINIAN EDWARDS, WM. CLARK, AUGUSTE CHOUTEAU. 148TREATY WITH THE CHEROKEES. 1816. Mucketeypokee, or Black Partridge, Sinnowchewone, by his brother Ignations, Mucketepenesee, or Black Bird, Bendegakewa, Pemsaw, or Walker, Ontawa, Nangesay, alias Stout, Chamblee, Cacake, Shawanoe, Wapunsy, Cunuepepy, Wonesee, Richeikeming, or Lake, Cabenaw, Opaho, Cowwesaut, Chekinaka, Macheweskeaway, Shanquissee, Ignatius, Takaonenee, Ottawonce, Towwaniny, or Trader, Cashshakee, Nigigwash, Sheshebungge, Mowais, or Little Wolf.
Done at St. Louis, in the presence of R. Wash, secretary to the commission. R. Graham, Indian agent for the Territory of Illinois. Thomas Forsyth, Indian agent. J. Maul, lieutenant 8th regiment of Infantry. P. Provenchere, interpreter of the commissioners. Maurice Blondeaux, Indian agent. John Roland. M. Lewis Clark. Sam. Solomon, interpreter and translator. Jacques Mette, interpreter. Katasa, (a Kickapoo chief.) Tapema, do. Sakappee, do. Kenapaso, do. Pawanaqua, do. Ancowa, do.
Mackkattsoushick, do. Shaquabee, do. Quashquammee, a Sac chief. Mecitch, do. Capitoi, a Fox chief. Acoqua, or Kettle, the principal war chief of Foxes. To the Indian names are subjoined a mark and seal. 1816-09-14 Treaty
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