Sec. 109. Revisions to definitions
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Section 210 of the of the Coral Reef Conservation Act of 2000 ( 16 U.S.C. 6409 ) is amended to read as follows: In this Act: The term Administrator means the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, unless otherwise specified. The term at-risk reef means a coral reef that has a high exposure to vessel impacts, marine debris, harmful algal blooms, overfishing, land-based or marine-based pollution, coastal development, and changes in ocean temperature and chemistry.
The term bona fide research means scientific research on corals or coral reefs, the results of which are likely— to be eligible for publication in a peer-reviewed scientific journal; to contribute to the basic knowledge of coral biology or coral reef ecology; to improve management of coral reefs and coral reef ecosystems; or to identify, evaluate, or resolve conservation issues or decisions. The term conservation means the use of any methods and procedures necessary to preserve, restore, or sustain corals, coral reefs, and associated marine species as resilient, diverse, viable, and self-perpetuating coral reef ecosystems, including— all activities associated with resource management, such as assessment, research, protection, restoration, sustainable use, and management of habitat; mapping, observation, or monitoring of coral reef ecosystems; scientific expertise and technical assistance in the development and implementation of management strategies for marine protected areas and marine resources consistent with the National Marine Sanctuaries Act ( 16 U.S.C. 1431 et seq.) and the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act ( 16 U.S.C. 1801 et seq.), and with respect for the scientific, technical, and management expertise and responsibilities of State fish and wildlife management agencies; law enforcement; conflict resolution initiatives; community outreach and education; and activities that promote safe and ecologically sound navigation.
The term coral means species of the phylum Cnidaria, including— all species of the orders Antipatharia (black corals), Scleractinia (stony corals), Gorgonacea (horny corals), Stolonifera (organpipe corals and others), Alcyanacea (soft corals), and Coenothecalia (blue coral), of the class Anthozoa; and all species of the families Milleporidae (fire corals) and Stylasteridae (stylasterid hydrocorals), of the class Hydrozoa. The term coral reef means limestone structures in the form of a reef or shoal, comprised in whole or in part by living coral, skeletal remains of coral, and other associated sessile invertebrates and marine plants.
The term coral reef component means any part of a coral reef, including individual living coral, skeletal remains of coral, and other associated sessile invertebrates or marine plants. The term coral reef ecosystem means the system of coral and other geographically and ecologically associated marine species, habitats, and environment and the processes that control its dynamics. The term coral products means any living or dead specimens, parts, or derivatives, or any product containing specimens, parts, or derivatives, of any species referred to in paragraph (5).
The term damages includes— compensation for— the cost of replacement, restoration, remediation, or acquisition of the equivalent of a coral or coral reef resource; and the value of the lost use or services of a coral or coral reef resource pending the replacement, restoration, remediation, or acquisition of the equivalent coral or coral reef resource; or the value of a coral or coral reef resource if the coral or coral reef resource cannot be replaced, restored, or remediated or if the equivalent of such resource cannot be acquired; and the reasonable cost of monitoring appropriate to the injured, replaced, restored, or remediated coral or coral reef resource.
The term national coral reef action strategy means the strategy developed under section 203. The term resilience means the capacity for corals, coral reefs, or coral reef ecosystems to resist and recover from natural and human disturbance and maintain structure and function to allow the continued provision of ecosystem goods and services, as determined by clearly identifiable, measurable, and science-based standards. The term response costs means the costs of actions that would be necessary to— minimize destruction, loss, or taking of, or injury to a coral reef or component thereof; prevent or minimize the imminent risks of such destruction, loss, or taking of, or injury to; assess the reasonable costs of damage as determined under section 206(e); and respond to or otherwise address an emergency pertaining a coral reef or coral reef ecosystem.
The term restoration means the use of methods and procedures necessary to enhance, rescue, hold in aquarium systems, rehabilitate, recreate, or create a functioning coral reef or coral reef ecosystem, in whole or in part, within suitable waters of the historical range of such ecosystems, to benefit native populations of coral reef organisms. The term United States Coral Reef Task Force means the task force established under section 209. .
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