Sec. 102. Contracts
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Section 1235 of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3835 ) is amended— in subsection (c)(1)(B)(iii), by striking a retired or retiring owner or operator and inserting an eligible landowner (as defined in section 1235(f)(1)(A)) ; in subsection (f)— in the heading by striking and inserting Option ; Options by striking paragraphs
(1)and (2), and inserting the following: In this subsection, the term eligible landowner means a landowner who is— a current contract holder under the conservation reserve program; and in the case of the transition of farmland through a long-term lease or rental agreement as outlined in paragraph (2)(A)(ii), at least 65 years of age. In this subsection, the term covered farmer means a beginning farmer or rancher, a socially disadvantaged farmer or rancher, or a veteran farmer or rancher (as defined in section 2501(e) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 ( 7 U.S.C. 2279(e) )), who is not a family member (as defined in section 1001 of this Act) of the eligible landowner. In the case of a contract modification approved in order to facilitate the transfer of land subject to a contract from an eligible landowner to a covered farmer, the Secretary shall— allow the eligible landowner to terminate the contract up to— 3 years early, without penalty, and beginning on the date of termination, sell to the covered farmer the land subject to the contract for production purposes; or 2 years early, without penalty, and beginning on the date of termination, lease (under a long-term lease or a lease with an option to purchase) to the covered farmer the land subject to the contract for production purposes; beginning on the date that is 2 years before the date of termination of the contract— allow the covered farmer, in conjunction with the eligible landowner, to make conservation and land improvements, including preparing to plant an agricultural crop; and allow the covered farmer to begin the certification process under the Organic Foods Production Act of 1990 ( 7 U.S.C. 6501 et seq.); require the covered farmer to develop and implement a comprehensive conservation plan that addresses all resource concerns and meets such sustainability criteria as the Secretary may establish; provide to the covered farmer an opportunity to enroll in the conservation stewardship program or the environmental quality incentives program at any time beginning on the date that is 1 year before the date of termination of the contract, including technical and financial assistance in the development of a comprehensive conservation plan; provide the covered farmer with the option to reenroll any applicable partial field conservation practice that— is eligible for enrollment under the continuous signup option pursuant to section 1234(d)(2)(A)(ii); and is part of an approved conservation plan; and continue to make annual payments to the eligible landowner for not more than— an additional 3 years after the date of termination of the contract in the case of the sale of farmland to the covered farmer; or an additional 2 years after the date of termination of the contract in the case of a long-term lease of farmland to the covered farmer. .
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