102.07 Employee defined.
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/wi/chapter-102/102-07-2A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.
102.07 Employee defined. “Employee” as used in this chapter means:
(a)Every person, including all officials, in the service of the state, or of any local governmental unit in this state, whether elected or under any appointment or contract of hire, express or implied, and whether a resident of the state or employed or injured within or without the state. The state and any local governmental unit may require a bond from a contractor to protect the state or local governmental unit against compensation to employees of the contractor or to employees of a subcontractor under the contractor. This paragraph does not apply beginning on the first day of the first July beginning after the day that the secretary files the certificate under s. 102.80
(a), except that if the secretary files the certificate under s. 102.80
(ag)this paragraph does apply to claims for compensation filed on or after the date specified in that certificate.
(b)Every person, including all officials, in the service of the state, or of any local governmental unit in this state, whether elected or under any appointment or contract of hire, express or implied, and whether a resident of the state or employed or injured within or without the state. This paragraph first applies on the first day of the first July beginning after the day that the secretary files the certificate under s. 102.80
(a), except that if the secretary files the certificate under s. 102.80
(ag)this paragraph does apply to claims for compensation filed on or after the date specified in that certificate.
(2)Any peace officer shall be considered an employee while engaged in the enforcement of peace or in the pursuit and capture of those charged with crime.
(3)Nothing in this chapter prevents a local governmental unit from paying a teacher, police officer, fire fighter, or any other employee his or her full salary during a period of disability, nor interferes with any pension fund, nor prevents payment to a teacher, police officer, fire fighter, or any other employee from a pension fund.
(a)Every person in the service of another under any contract of hire, express or implied, all helpers and assistants of employees, whether paid by the employer or employee, if employed with the knowledge, actual or constructive, of the employer, including minors, who shall have the same power of contracting as adult employees, but not including the following:
1. Domestic servants.
2. Any person whose employment is not in the course of a trade, business, profession or occupation of the employer, unless as to any of said classes, the employer has elected to include them.
(b)Par.
(a)2. shall not operate to exclude an employee whose employment is in the course of any trade, business, profession or occupation of the employer, however casual, unusual, desultory or isolated the employer’s trade, business, profession or occupation may be.
(4m)For the purpose of determining the number of employees to be counted under s. 102.04
(b), but for no other purpose, a member of a religious sect is not considered to be an employee if the conditions specified in s. 102.28
(b)have been satisfied with respect to that member.
(5)For the purpose of determining the number of employees to be counted under s. 102.04
(c), but for no other purpose, the following definitions shall apply:
(a)Farmers or their employees working on an exchange basis shall not be deemed employees of a farmer to whom their labor is furnished in exchange.
(b)The parents, spouse, child, brother, sister, son-in-law, daughter-in-law, father-in-law, mother-in-law, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law of a farmer shall not be deemed the farmer’s employees.
(c)A shareholder-employee of a family farm corporation shall be deemed a “farmer” for purposes of this chapter and shall not be deemed an employee of a farmer. A “family farm corporation” means a corporation engaged in farming all of whose shareholders are related as lineal ancestors or lineal descendants, whether by blood or by adoption, or as spouses, brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, cousins, sons-in-law, daughters-in-law, fathers-in-law, mothers-in-law, brothers-in-law or sisters-in-law of such lineal ancestors or lineal descendants.
(d)A member of a religious sect is not considered to be an employee of a farmer if the conditions specified in s. 102.28
(b)have been satisfied with respect to that member.
(a)Every member of a volunteer fire company or fire department organized under ch. 213 , a legally organized rescue squad, or a legally organized diving team is considered to be an employee of that company, department, squad, or team. Every member of a company, department, squad, or team described in this paragraph, while serving as an auxiliary police officer at an emergency, is also considered to be an employee of that company, department, squad, or team. If a company, department, squad, or team described in this paragraph has not insured its liability for compensation to its employees, the political subdivision within which that company, department, squad, or team was organized shall be liable for that compensation.
(b)The department may issue an order under s. 102.31
(b)permitting the county within which a volunteer fire company or fire department organized under ch. 213 , a legally organized rescue squad, an ambulance service provider, as defined in s. 256.01
(3), or a legally organized diving team is organized to assume full liability for the compensation provided under this chapter of all volunteer members of that company, department, squad, provider or team.
(7m)An employee, volunteer, or member of an emergency management program is considered an employee for purposes of this chapter as provided in s. 323.40 , a member of a regional emergency response team who is acting under a contract under s. 323.70
(2)is considered an employee of the state for purposes of this chapter as provided in s. 323.70
(5), and a practitioner is considered an employee of the state for purposes of this chapter as provided in s. 257.03 .
(a)Except as provided in pars.
(b)and
(bm), every independent contractor is, for the purpose of this chapter, an employee of any employer under this chapter for whom he or she is performing service in the course of the trade, business, profession or occupation of such employer at the time of the injury.
(b)An independent contractor is not an employee of an employer for whom the independent contractor performs work or services if the independent contractor meets all of the following conditions:
1. Maintains a separate business with his or her own office, equipment, materials and other facilities.
2. Holds or has applied for a federal employer identification number with the federal internal revenue service or has filed business or self-employment income tax returns with the federal internal revenue service based on that work or service in the previous year.
3. Operates under contracts to perform specific services or work for specific amounts of money and under which the independent contractor controls the means of performing the services or work.
4. Incurs the main expenses related to the service or work that he or she performs under contract.
5. Is responsible for the satisfactory completion of work or services that he or she contracts to perform and is liable for a failure to complete the work or service.
6. Receives compensation for work or service performed under a contract on a commission or per job or competitive bid basis and not on any other basis.
7. May realize a profit or suffer a loss under contracts to perform work or service.
8. Has continuing or recurring business liabilities or obligations.
9. The success or failure of the independent contractor’s business depends on the relationship of business receipts to expenditures.
(bm)A real estate broker or salesperson who is excluded under s. 452.38 is not an employee of a firm, as defined in s. 452.01
(4w), for whom the real estate broker or salesperson performs services unless the firm elects under s. 102.078 to name the real estate broker or salesperson as its employee.
(c)The department may not admit in evidence any state or federal law, regulation, or document granting operating authority or a license when determining whether an independent contractor meets the conditions specified in par.
(b)1. or 3.
(8m)An employer who is subject to this chapter is not an employee of another employer for whom the first employer performs work or service in the course of the other employer’s trade, business, profession or occupation.
(9)Members of the national guard and state defense force, when on state active duty under direction of appropriate authority, but only in case federal laws, rules or regulations provide no benefits substantially equivalent to those provided in this chapter.
(10)Further to effectuate the policy of the state that the benefits of this chapter shall extend and be granted to employees in the service of the state, or of any local governmental unit in this state, on the same basis, in the same manner, under the same conditions, and with like right of recovery as in the case of employees of persons, firms, or private corporations, any question whether any person is an employee under this chapter shall be governed by and determined under the same standards, considerations, and rules of decision in all cases under subs.
(1)to
(9). Any statute, ordinance, or rule that may be otherwise applicable to the classes of employees enumerated in sub.
(1)shall not be controlling in deciding whether any person is an employee for the purposes of this chapter.
(11)The department may by rule prescribe classes of volunteer workers who may, at the election of the person for whom the service is being performed, be deemed to be employees for the purposes of this chapter. Election shall be by endorsement upon the worker’s compensation insurance policy with written notice to the department. In the case of an employer exempt from insuring liability, election shall be by written notice to the department. The department shall by rule prescribe the means and manner in which notice of election by the employer is to be provided to the volunteer workers.
(11m)Subject to sub.
(11), a volunteer for a nonprofit organization described in section 501
(c)of the internal revenue code, as defined in s. 71.01
(6), that is exempt or eligible for exemption from federal income taxation under section 501
(a)of the internal revenue code who receives from that nonprofit organization nominal payments of money or other things of value totaling not more than $10 per week is not considered to be an employee of that nonprofit organization for purposes of this chapter.
(12)A student in a technical college district while, as a part of a training program, he or she is engaged in performing services for which a school organized under ch. 38 collects a fee or is engaged in producing a product sold by such a school is an employee of that school.
(a)In this subsection:
1. “Institution of higher education” means an institution within the University of Wisconsin System, a technical college, a tribally controlled college controlled by an Indian tribe that has elected under s. 102.05
(2)to become subject to this chapter, a school approved under s. 440.52 , or a private, nonprofit institution of higher education located in this state.