§ 10.
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§ 10. Vermont endangered and threatened species rule
1.0 Authority
This rule is adopted pursuant to 10 V.S.A. Chapter 123 which provides that the Secretary “shall adopt by rule a State endangered species list and a State threatened species list,” and may “adopt rules for the protection, conservation, or recovery of endangered and threatened species.”
2.0 Purpose
The purpose of this rule is to identify and list species of wild plants and animals and designate critical habitats that have been determined by the Secretary to require protection under Vermont law. The rule also sets out a process for the issuance of permits for the taking and possession of endangered and threatened species and the destruction or adverse impact to designated critical habitat.
3.0 Definitions
3.1 “Accepted silvicultural practices” means the accepted silvicultural practices defined by the Commissioner of Forests, Parks and Recreation, including the Acceptable Management Practices for Maintaining Water Quality on Logging Jobs in Vermont adopted by the Commissioner of Forests, Parks and Recreation.
3.2 “Critical habitat” for a threatened species or endangered species means:
(A)a delineated location within the geographical area occupied by the species that:
(i)has the physical or biological features that are identifiable, concentrated, and decisive to the survival of a population of the species; and
(ii)is necessary for the conservation or recovery of the species; and
(iii)may require special management considerations or protection; or
(B)a delineated location outside the geographical area occupied by a species at the time it is listed under 10 V.S.A. § 5402, Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species Rule that: (i)(I) was historically occupied by a species; or
(II)contains habitat that is hydrologically connected or directly adjacent to occupied habitat; and
(ii)contains habitat that is identifiable, concentrated, and decisive to the continued survival of a population of the species; and
(iii)is necessary for the conservation or recovery of the species.
3.3 “Destroy or adversely impact” means, with respect to critical habitat, a direct or indirect activity that negatively affects the value of critical habitat for the survival, conservation, or recovery of a listed threatened or endangered species.
3.4 “Endangered Species” means a species that has been listed as endangered by the Secretary because the species normally occurs in the State and its continued existence as a sustainable component of the State’s wildlife or wild plants is in jeopardy, or it is listed as an “endangered species” under the federal Endangered Species Act.
3.5 “Farming” shall have the same meaning as used in 10 V.S.A. § 6001(22) of this title.
3.6 “Forestry operations” means activities related to the management of forests, including a timber harvest; pruning; planting; reforestation; pest, disease, and invasive species control; wildlife habitat management; and fertilization. “Forestry operations” include the primary processing of forest products of commercial value on a parcel where the timber harvest occurs.
3.7 “Habitat” means the physical and biological environment in which a particular species of plant or animal lives.
3.8 “Harming,” as used in the definition of “take” or “taking” in this rule means: an act that kills or injures a threatened or endangered species; or the destruction or imperilment of habitat that kills or injures a threatened or endangered species by significantly impairing continued survival or essential behavioral patterns, including reproduction, feeding, or sheltering.
3.9 “Plant” means any member of the plant kingdom, including seeds, roots, and other parts thereof. As used in this rule, plants shall include fungi.
3.10 “Possession” means holding, controlling, exporting, importing, processing, selling, offering to sell, delivering, carrying, transporting, or shipping by any means a member of a species.
3.11 “Secretary” means the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources except where otherwise specified.
3.12 “Take and taking”
(a)With respect to wildlife designated a threatened or endangered species, means:
(1)pursuing, shooting, hunting, killing, capturing, trapping, harming, snaring, or netting wildlife;
(2)an act that creates a risk of injury to wildlife, whether or not the injury occurs, including harassing, wounding, or placing, setting, drawing, or using any net or other device used to take animals; or
(3)attempting to engage in or assisting another to engage in an act set forth under subdivision
(1)or
(2)of this subdivision.
(b)With respect to a wild plant designated a threatened or endangered species, means uprooting, transplanting, gathering seeds or fruit, cutting, injuring, harming, or killing or any attempt to do the same or assisting another who is doing or attempting to do the same.
3.13 “Threatened Species” means a species that has been listed as threatened by the Secretary because the species is a sustainable component of the State’s wildlife or wild plants; it is reasonable to conclude based on available information that its numbers are declining; and unless protected, it will become an endangered species or, a species determined to be a “threatened species” under the federal Endangered Species Act.
4.0 Critical Habitat Designations
4.1 “Critical habitat,” as defined in 10 V.S.A. § 5401(4) and 10 V.S.A. § 5402a, has been designated for the following locations:
(a)Three
(3)Common Tern Nesting Islands.
(b)Four
(4)Spiny Softshell Nesting Areas.
(c)One
(1)Bat Hibernaculum.
5.0 Permits for Taking and Possession
5.1 No person shall take or possess an endangered or threatened species without a permit, unless exempt as provided for in 10 V.S.A. § 5408(d) and as follows:
(a)No enforcement shall be taken, and no permit shall be required for the taking of listed threatened or endangered plants in instances where the plants are legally acquired and exist in a cultivated state or are artificially propagated (produced and grown under controlled conditions or originated from cultivated parental stock); unless the plants are cultivated or artificially propagated as part of a recovery plan or, for mitigation purposes in accordance with a takings permit, a directive of the Secretary, or an enforcement action.
(b)Prior to requiring a permit or initiating enforcement for the taking of any threatened or endangered bee(s), the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources shall:
1. notify affected landowners and persons who are engaged in activities that may result in taking the threatened or endangered bees of the presence of threatened or endangered bees and the requirement to avoid taking the bees or to obtain a permit; and
2. notify and consult with affected or interested state agencies including as applicable: the Agency of Commerce and Community Development (ACCD), the Agency of Transportation (AOT), the Vermont Department of Health (VDH), and the Agency of Agriculture, Food, and Markets
(AAFM)whenever the presence of bees may impact farming or the application of pesticides.
(c)Upon discovering the presence of a threatened or endangered grassland bird on or in proximity to any farm or land used for farming, the Secretary of the Agency of Natural Resources shall:
1. consult with the Secretary of the AAFM prior to requiring a taking permit or engaging in enforcement activities; and
2. ensure that the regulatory actions taken to protect the species do not cause undue interference with farming.
5.2 No person shall destroy or adversely impact the designated critical habitat of an endangered or threatened species without a permit.
5.3 Pursuant to 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a) the Secretary may, after receiving the advice of the Endangered Species Committee, grant permits for the taking and possession of an endangered or threatened species:
(a)for scientific purposes;
(b)to enhance the propagation or survival of species;
(c)for zoological exhibition;
(d)for educational purposes;
(e)for noncommercial cultural or ceremonial purposes; or
(f)for a special purpose consistent with the purpose of the Federal Endangered Species Act (see16 U.S.C. § 1531(b)).
5.4 Pursuant to 10 V.S.A. § 5408(b), the Secretary may allow the incidental take of a threatened or endangered species or the destruction or adverse impact to critical habitat only if:
(a)the taking is necessary to conduct an otherwise lawful activity;
(b)the taking or the destruction and impact to the critical habitat, is attendant or secondary to, and not the purpose of, the lawful activity;
(c)the impact of the permitted incidental take or impact to critical habitat is minimized; and
(d)the incidental taking or the impact to critical habitat will not impair the conservation or recovery of any endangered species or threatened species.
5.5 An applicant for a Taking and Possession permit shall submit an administratively complete application to the Secretary, specifying for which purpose(s) the permit is required, as listed in 10 V.S.A. § 5408(a) and (b). The permit application shall include:
(a)a description of the activities that could lead to a taking of a listed threatened or endangered species or the destruction of or adverse impact on critical habitat;
(b)the steps that the applicant has or will take to avoid, minimize, and mitigate the impact to the relevant threatened or endangered species or critical habitat;
(c)a plan for ensuring that funding is available to conduct any required monitoring and mitigation, if applicable;
(d)a summary of the alternative actions to the taking or destruction of critical habitat that the applicant considered and the reasons that these alternatives were not selected, if applicable;
(e)the name or names and obligations and responsibilities of the person or persons that will be involved in the proposed taking or destruction of critical habitat;
(f)a description of the possible impacts due to the proposed action, and as applicable a plan for conservation or mitigation;
(g)permit fees and mitigation funding, if applicable; and
(h)any additional information that the Secretary may require.
5.6 Avoidance and Minimization
(a)Applicants for Taking and Possession permits shall have the burden to show that reasonable steps have been taken to avoid and minimize takings. The Applicant must provide information that demonstrates:
(1)The proposed activity cannot practicably be designed to avoid taking or the destruction or adverse impact to critical habitat, and still satisfy the basic project purpose; and
(2)If avoidance of taking of a listed species or the destruction or adverse impact to critical habitat, cannot practicably be achieved, the proposed activity has been planned to minimize adverse impacts on the listed species.
(b)The Secretary may require an applicant to submit additional information that the Secretary considers necessary to make a decision on the issuance or denial of a permit. The Secretary may dismiss the application without prejudice if the requested information is not provided to the Secretary within sixty
(60)days of the Secretary's request.
(c)In determining whether the burden has been met, the Secretary shall evaluate the potential effect of any proposed activity on the basis of both its direct and immediate effects, as well as on the basis of any cumulative or on-going effects on the listed species.
(d)The Secretary may develop, and require the implementation of, best management practices
(BMPs)to avoid and minimize the taking of threatened and endangered species. The Secretary shall consult with the AAFM, the AOT, VDH, and any other interested state agency prior to finalizing the BMPs.
5.7 Mitigation
The Secretary may require the implementation of mitigation strategies and may collect mitigation funds, in addition to the permit fees, in order to mitigate the impacts of a taking or the destruction of or adverse impact on critical habitat. Provided that the mitigation is commensurate with the taking or adverse impact proposed, mitigation may include:
(a)a requirement to rectify the taking or adverse impact or to reduce the adverse impact over time;
(b)a requirement to manage or restore land within the area of the proposed activity or in an area outside the proposed area as habitat for the threatened or endangered species, including treatment of conserved areas for the purposes of restoration or propagation of listed species;
(c)compensation, including payment into the Threatened and Endangered Species Fund for the uses of that Fund; or
(d)permanent conservation of habitat in which the same species exists, and ongoing monitoring of conserved areas.
5.8 Hearings
(a)The Secretary may conduct a non-adversarial, public hearing in order to evaluate the application. Such a hearing will be held within 60 (sixty) days of the receipt of the administratively complete application.
(b)When a petition has been denied and no public hearing has been held, the Applicant may request in writing to the Secretary that a hearing be held regarding the proposed activity. The Secretary will conduct a hearing within 30 (thirty) days of receipt of the request.
5.9 The Secretary may require, as part of an issued permit, conditions for the protection and conservation of endangered species.
5.10 The Secretary shall inform an applicant of a decision to approve or deny a permit no more than 60 (sixty) days following an application being deemed administratively complete unless the Secretary determines there is just cause.
5.11 The Secretary maintains continuing jurisdiction over activity permitted under this rule and may, at any time, order the permittee to undertake remedial measures to ensure the protection and conservation of listed species.
6.0 Listing
6.1 The following list of plants and animals is adopted as the Vermont Endangered and Threatened Species List pursuant to 10 V.S.A., chapter 123.
Group Family English Name Scientific
Name Author Date Listed Sta-
tus Previously
Listed As Notes
6.2 Plants Apiaceae-
Carrot
Family Long-styled
Snakeroot Sanicula
canadensis var.
grandis Fern. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Apiaceae-
Carrot
Family Yellow
Pimpernel Taenidia
integerrima (L.) Drude 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Apocyna-
ceae-Dog-
bane Family Blunt-leaved
Milkweed Asclepias
amplexicaulis Sm. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Apocyna-
ceae-Dog-
bane Family Butterfly-weed
Asclepias
tuberosa ssp.
tuberosa L. 04-13-1987 T Asclepias
tuberosa L.
6.2 Plants Apocyna-
ceae-Dog-
bane Family Whorled
Milkweed Asclepias
verticillata L. 03-28-2015 E
6.2 Plants Araceae-
Arum
Family Green Dragon
Arisaema
dracontium (L.) Schott 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Aspleniaceae-
Spleenwort
Family Mountain
Spleenwort Asplenium
montanum Willd. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Aspleniaceae-
Spleenwort
Family Green
Spleenwort Asplenium
viride Huds. 04-13-1987 T Asplenium
trichomanes-
ramosum L.
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family Sessile-leaved
Boneset Eupatorium
sessilifolium L. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family Harsh
Sunflower Helianthus
strumosus L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family Hairy
Lettuce Lactuca
hirsuta Muhl.
ex Nutt. 12-07-1994 T
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family Boott’s
Rattlesnake-
root Nabalus
boottii D.C. 04-13-1987 E Prenan-
thes
boottii (DC.)
A. Gray
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family Woodland
Cudweed Omalotheca
sylvatica (L.) Schultz-
Bip. & F.W.
Schultz 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family Sweet
Coltsfoot Petasites
frigidus var.
palmatus (Ait.) Cronq. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family White-
flowered
Leafcup Polymnia
canadensis L. 12-07-1994 E Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family Sweet
Goldenrod Solidago
odora ssp.
odora Ait. 04-13-1987 T Solidago
odora Ait.
6.2 Plants Astera-
ceae-Aster
Family Elm-leaved
Goldenrod Solidago
ulmifolia Muhl. ex
Willd. 11-09-1991 E Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Betula-
ceae-
Birch
Family Dwarf
Birch Betula
minor (Tuckerman) Fern. 03-28-2015 E
6.2 Plants Blechna-
ceae-
Chain-
fern Family Virginia
Chain-fern Woodwardia
virginica (L.) Sm. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Boragina-
ceae-
Borage
Family Northern
Wild
Comfrey Cynoglossum
virginianum
var. boreale (Fern.)
Cooperrider 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Brassica-
ceae-
Mustard
Family Nodding
Stickseed Hackelia
deflexa ssp.
americana
(Gray)A.
& D. Löve 04-13-1987 T Hackelia
deflexa var.
americana
(Gray)Fern.
& I.M.
Johnston
6.2 Plants Brassica-
ceae-
Mustard
Family Lyre-leaved
Rock-cress Arabidopsis
lyrata (L.) O’Kane
& Al-Shehbaz 04-13-1987 T Arabis
lyrata L.
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-
Mustard
Family Drummond’s
Rock-cress Boechera
stricta (Graham)
Al- Shehbaz 11-09-1991 E Arabis
drum-
mondii A.
Gray
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-
Mustard
Family Northern
Rock-cress Braya
humilis ssp.
humilis (C.A. Mey.)
B.L. Robins. 04-13-1987 T Braya
humilis
(C.A. Mey)
B.L. Rob.
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-
Mustard
Family Hoary
Draba Draba
cana Rydb. 04-13-1987 T Draba
breweri var.
cana (Rydb.)
Rollins
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-
Mustard
Family Smooth
Draba Draba
glabella Pursh 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Brassicaceae-
Mustard
Family Lake-cress Rorippa
aquatica (Eat.) Palmer
& Steyermark 04-13-1987 T Neobeckia
aquatica
(Eaton)
Greene
6.2 Plants Bryaceae-
Bryum
Moss
Family A Moss Plagiobryum
zieri (Hedw.)
Lindb. 06-23-1989 E
6.2 Plants Caprifoliaceae-
Honeysuckle
Family Squash-
berry Viburnum
edule (Michx.)
Raf. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Caryophylla-
ceae-Pink
Family Marcescent
Sandwort Minuartia
marcescens (Fern.)
House 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Caryophylla-
ceae-Pink
Family Marble
Sandwort Minuartia
rubella (Wahlenb.)
Hiern 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cistaceae-
Rock-rose
Family Plains
Frostweed Crocan-
the-mum
bicknellii (Fernald)
Janchen 04-13-1987 T Helianthe-
mum bick-
nellii Fern.
6.2 Plants Cistaceae-
Rock-rose
Family Beach
Heather Hudsonia
tomentosa Nutt. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Cistaceae-
Rock-rose
Family Hairy
Pinweed Lechea
mucronata Raf. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Clusiaceae-
St. John’s-
wort Family Great St.
John’s-wort Hypericum
ascyron L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Convolvula-
ceae-Morn-
ing-glory
Family Low
Bindweed Calystegia
spithamaea
ssp. spitha-
maea (L.) Pursh 04-13-1987 T Calystegia
spithamaea
(L.) Pursh
6.2 Plants Cornaceae-
Dogwood
Family Flowering
Dogwood Cornus
florida L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Crassulaceae-
Stonecrop
Family Roseroot Rhodiola
rosea L. 04-13-1987 T Sedum
rosea L.
Scop.
6.2 Plants Cupressaceae-
Cypress
Family Creeping
Juniper Juniperus
horizontalis Moench 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Contracted
Sedge Carex
arcta Boott 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Blackish
Sedge Carex
atratiformis Britt. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Buxb-
aum’s
Sedge Carex
buxbaumii Wahlenb. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Capillary
Sedge Carex
capillaris ssp.
capillaris L. 04-13-1987 T Carex
capillaris L.
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge Family Creeping
Sedge Carex
chordorrhiza Ehrh.
ex L. f 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge Family Bronze
Sedge Carex
foenea Willd. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Garber’s
Sedge Carex
garberi Fern. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Houghton’s
Sedge Carex
houghtoniana Torr.
ex Dewey 02-10-2022 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Pale Sedge Carex
livida (Wahlenb.)
Willd. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Nerveless
Muehlen-
berg Sedge Carex
muehlen-
bergii var.
enervis Boott 04-13-1987 T Carex
muehlen-
bergii
Schkuhr ex
Willd.
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Muehlen-
berg’s Sedge Carex
muehlen-
bergii var.
muehlen-
bergii Schkuhr
ex Willd. 04-13-1987 T Carex
muehlen-
bergii
Schkuhr ex
Willd.
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Few-fruited Sedge Carex
oligocarpa Schkuhr
ex Willd. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Richard-
son’s Sedge Carex
richardsonii R. Br. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Hay Sedge Carex
siccata Dewey 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Sheathed
Sedge Carex
vaginata Tausch 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Low
Flatsedge Cyperus
diandrus Torr. 06-23-1989 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Houghton’s
Flatsedge Cyperus
houghtonii Torr. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Few-flower-
ed Spike-
rush Eleoch-
aris
quinqueflora (F.X.
Hartmann)
Schwarz 04-13-1987 T Eleoch-
aris
pauciflora
(Lightf.)
Link
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Autumn
Fimbristylis Fimbristylis
autumnalis (L.) Roemer
& J.A.
Schultes 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Capillary
Beak-rush Rhyncho-
spora
capillacea Torr. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Barbed-
bristle
Bulrush Scirpus
ancistro-
chaetus Schuyler 11-09-1991 E Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Cyperaceae-
Sedge
Family Bashful
Bulrush Trichopho-
rum plani-
folium (Spreng.)
Palla 11-09-1991 E Scirpus
verecun-
dus Fern. Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Diapensia-
ceae-Dia-
pensia
Family Diapensia Diapensia
lapponica ssp.
lapponica L. 04-13-1987 E Diapensia
lapponica L.
6.2 Plants Dryopterida-
ceae-Wood-
fern Family Male Fern Dryopteris
filix-mas ssp.
brittonii Fraser-
Jenkins &
Widen 04-13-1987 T Dryopteris
filix-mas
(L.) Schott
6.2 Plants Dryopterida-
ceae-Wood-
fern Family Alpine
Woodsia Woodsia
alpina (Bolton)
S.F. Gray 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Equisetaceae-
Horsetail
Family Marsh
Horsetail Equisetum
palustre L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-
Heath
Family Pinedrops Pterospora
andromedea Nutt. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-
Heath
Family Bog Win-
tergreen Pyrola
asarifolia ssp.
asarifolia Michx. 11-09-1991 T Pyrola
asarifolia
Michx.
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-
Heath
Family Lesser
Pyrola Pyrola
minor L. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-
Heath
Family Great
Laurel Rhododendron
maximum L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Ericaceae-
Heath
Family Deerberry Vaccinium
stamineum L. 12-07-1994 E
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Canada
Milk-vetch Astragalus
canadensis
var. canadensis L. 04-13-1987 T Astragalus
canaden-
sis L.
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Jesup’s
Milk-vetch Astragalus
robbinsii
var. jesupii Egglest. &
Sheldon 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Rattlebox Crotalaria
sagittalis L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Large-
bracted
Tick-trefoil Desmodium
cuspidatum (Muhl. ex
Willd.) DC.
ex Loud. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Prostrate
Tick-trefoil Desmodium
rotundifolium DC. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Beach Pea Lathyrus
japonicus
var. mari-
timus (L.) Kartesz
& Gandhi 04-13-1987 T Lathyrus
maritimus
(L.) Bigelow
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Marsh
Vetchling Lathyrus
palustris L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Violet
Bush-clover Lespedeza
frutescens (L.)
Hornem. 04-13-1987 T Lespedeza
violacea
auct. non
(L.) Pers Lespedeza
violacea (L.)
Pers. is now
what was
formerly known
as L. intermedia
(S. Watts)
Britton and is
not listed.
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Hairy
Bush-
clover Lespedeza
hirta ssp.
hirta (L.)
Hornem. 11-09-1991 T Lespedeza
hirta (L.)
Hornem.
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea
Family Wild
Lupine Lupinus
perennis ssp.
perennis L. 03-18-1999 E Lupinus
perennis L. Listed as
Threatened on
04-13-1987.
6.2 Plants Fabaceae-
Pea Family Wild Senna Senna
hebecarpa (Fern.) Irwin
& Barneby 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Fagaceae-
Beech
Family Scrub Oak Quercus
ilicifolia Wangenh. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Fagaceae-
Beech
Family Dwarf Chinqua-
pin Oak Quercus
prinoides Willd. 04-23-2005 E
6.2 Plants Gentianaceae-
Gentian Family Fringe-top
Closed
Gentian Gentiana
andrewsii Griseb. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Gentiana-
ceae-
Gentian
Family Felwort Gentianella
amarella ssp.
acuta (Michx.)
J. Gillett 04-13-1987 T Gentianella
amarella
(L.) Boerner
6.2 Plants Gentiana-
ceae-
Gentian
Family Stiff Gentian Gentianella
quinquefolia (L.) Small 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Hydrophyll-
aceae-Water-
leaf Family Broad-leaved
Waterleaf Hydrophy-
llum cana-
dense L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Isoetaceae-
Quillwort
Family Engelmann’s
Quillwort Isoetes
engelmannii A. Braun 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Isoetaceae-
Quillwort
Family Green
Mountain
Quillwort Isoetes
viridimon-
tana M. Rosen-
thal & W.C.
Taylor 03-28-2015 E
6.2 Plants Juncaceae-
Rush
Family Greene’s
Rush Juncus
greenei Oakes &
Tuckerman 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Juncaceae-
Rush
Family Soldier
Rush Juncus
militaris Bigelow 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Juncaceae-
Rush
Family Secund
Rush Juncus
secundus Beauv.
ex Poir. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Juncagina-
ceae-Arrow-
grass
Family Common
Arrow-
grass Triglochin
maritima L. 02-16-2011 E
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-
Mint
Family Yellow
Giant
Hyssop Agast-
ache
nepetoides (L.) Kuntze 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-
Mint
Family Purple Giant
Hyssop Agast-
ache
scrophulariifolia (Willd.)
Kuntze 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-
Mint
Family Smooth
Wood-mint Blephilia
hirsuta var.
glabrata Fern. 04-13-1987 T Blephilia
hirsuta
(Pursh.)
Benth.
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-
Mint
Family Hairy
Wood-mint Blephilia
hirsuta var.
hirsuta (Pursh)
Benth. 04-13-1987 T Blephilia
hirsuta
(Pursh.)
Benth.
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-
Mint
Family American
Dragon-
head Dracoceph-
alum parvi-
florum Nutt. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-
Mint
Family Obedient
Plant Physostegia
virginiana
ssp. virgin-
iana (L.) Benth. 04-13-1987 T Physostegia
virginiana
(L.) Benth.
6.2 Plants Lamiaceae-
Mint
Family Hoary
Mountain-
mint Pycnan-
themum
incanum
var. incanum (L.) Michx. 11-09-1991 E Pycnan-
themum
incanum
(L.) Michx.
6.2 Plants Lentibular-
iaceae-
Bladder-
wort Family North-
eastern Bladder-
wort Utricularia
resupinata B.D.
Greene ex
Bigelow 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Liliaceae-
Lily
Family Wild Garlic Allium
cana-
dense
var. cana-
dense L. 04-13-1987 T Allium
cana-
dense
L.
6.2 Plants Liliaceae-
Lily
Family White Camas Anticlea
elegans ssp.
glauca (Nutt.) A.
Haines 11-15-2012 E Anticlea
glauca
(Nutt.)
Kunth
6.2 Plants Lygodia-
ceae-
Climbing
Fern
Family Climbing
Fern Lygodium
palmatum (Bernh.)
Sw. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Magnolia-
ceae-
Magnolia
Family Tulip Tree Lirioden-
dron tulip-
ifera L. 03-28-2015 E
6.2 Plants Melastoma-
taceae-
Mela-
stome
Family Virginia
Meadow-
beauty Rhexia
virginica L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Moraceae-
Mulberry
Family Red
Mulberry Moras
rubra L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Nymphaea-
ceae-Water-
lily Family Dwarf
Water-lily Nymph-
aea
leibergii Morong 04-23-2005 E
6.2 Plants Onagraceae-
Evening-
primrose
Family Many-
fruited
False-
loosestrife Ludwigia
polycarpa Short
& Peter 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Ophioglossa-
ceae-
Adder’s-
tongue
Family Mingan
Moonwort Botrychium
minganense Victorin 02-16-2011 E
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Putty-
root Aplectrum
hyemale (Muhl. ex
Willd.) Torr. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Arethusa Arethusa
bulbosa L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Fairy
Slipper Calypso
bulbosa var.
americana (R. Br.
ex Ait.
f.) Luer 04-13-1987 T Calypso
bulbosa
(L.) Oakes
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Autumn
Coral-root Corallorhiza
odontorhiza
var. odon-
torhiza (Willd.)
Nutt. 04-13-1987 T Corallorhiza
odontorhiza
(Willd.) Nutt.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Ram’s
Head
Lady’s-
slipper Cypripedium
arietinum Ait. f. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Small
Whorled
Pogonia Isotria
medeo-
loides (Pursh)
Raf. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Large
Whorled
Pogonia Isotria
verticillata Raf. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Lily-
leaved
Tway-
blade Liparis liliifolia (L.) L.C
Rich, ex
Ker-Gawl. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family White
Adder’s-
mouth Malaxis
monophy-
llos var.
brachypoda
(Gray)F.
Morris &
Eames 04-13-1987 T Malaxis
brachypoda
(A.Gray)
Fern.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Auricled
Tway-
blade Neottia
auriculata (Wiegand)
Szlachetko 04-13-1987 E Listera
auriculata
Wieg.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Southern
Tway-
blade Neottia
bifolia (Raf.)
Baumbach 04-13-1987 E Listera
australis
Lindl.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Tubercled
Orchid Platanthera
flava var.
herbiola (R. Br.
ex Ait.
f.) Luer 04-13-1987 T Platanthera
flava (L.)
Lindl.
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Hooker’s
Orchid Platanthera
hookeri (Torr.
ex Gray)
Lindl. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Orchidaceae-
Orchid
Family Three-bird
Orchid Triphora
triantho-
phoros ssp.
triantho-
phoros (Sw.) Rydb. 04-13-1987 T Triphora
triantho-
phora (Sw.)
Rydb.
6.2 Plants Orobancha-
ceae-Can-
cer-root
Family Pale
Painted-
cup Castilleja
septentrion-
alis Lindl. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Papavera-
ceae-
Poppy
Family Golden
Corydalis Corydalis
aurea Willd. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Pinaceae-
Pine
Family Jack Pine Pinus
banksiana Lamb. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Plantagi-
naceae-
Plantain
Family Mare’s-tail Hippuris
vulgaris L. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Plantagi-
naceae-
Plantain
Family Culver’s-
root Veronica-
strum virgini-
cum (L.) Farw. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Champlain
Beach
Grass Ammophila
breviligulata
ssp. champ-
lainensis (Seymour)
P.J. Walker,
CA. Paris &
Barrington ex
Barkworth 04-13-1987 E Ammophila
champlain-
ensis
Seymour
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Alpine
Sweet-
grass Anthoxan-
thum monti-
cola ssp.
monticola (Bigelow)
Veldkamp 04-13-1987 T Hierochloe
alpina
(Swartz)
R. & S.; Anthoxan-
thum monti-
cola (Bige-
low) Veld-
kamp
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Pickering’s
Reed-
grass Calama-
grostis
pickeringii Gray 02-16-2011 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Bentgrass Calama-
grostis
stricta ssp.
inexpansa
C.W.
Greene 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Sharp
Manna-
grass Glyceria
acutiflora Torr. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Stiff
Witch-
grass Panicum
flexile (Gattinger)
Scribn. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Slender
Mountain-
rice Piptathe-
ropsis
pungens (Torr.)
Romasch.,
P.M. Peter-
son &
Soreng 11-09-1991 T Oryzopsis
pungens
(Torr.)
Hitchc;
Piptatherum
pungens
(Torr ex
Spreng.)
Dorn
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Shiny
Wedgegrass Sphenopholis
nitida (Biehler)
Scribn. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Blunt
Sphenopholis Sphenopholis
obtusata (Michx.)
Scribn. 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Rough
Dropseed Sporobolus
compositus
var. compo-
situs (Poir.)
Merr. 04-13-1987 E Sporobolus
compositus
(Poir.) Merr.;
Sporobolus
asper (Michx.)
Kunth
6.2 Plants Poaceae-
Grass
Family Eight-
flowered
Fescue Vulpia
octoflora
var. tenella (Willd.)
Fern. 11-09-1991 E Vulpia
octoflora
(Walt.)
Rydb.
6.2 Plants Polemonia-
ceae-Phlox
Family Eastern
Jacob’s
Ladder Polemon-
ium van-
bruntiae Britt. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Polygona-
ceae-Buck-
wheat
Family Douglas’
Knotweed Polygon-
um doug-
lasii Greene 11-09-1991 E
6.2 Plants Primula-
ceae-Prim-
rose Family Bird’s-
eye Prim-
rose Primula
mistass-
inica Michx. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Pterida-
ceae-Maid-
enhair-fern
Family Green
Mountain
Maidenhair-
fern Adiantum
viridimon-
tanum Paris 12-07-1994 T
6.2 Plants Ranuncu-
laceae-
Buttercup
Family Early
Thimble-
weed Anemone
multifida
var. multi-
fida Poir. 04-13-1987 E Anemone
multifida
Poir.
6.2 Plants Ranuncu-
laceae-
Buttercup
Family Golden-
seal Hydrastis
canadensis L. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Ranuncu-
laceae-
Buttercup
Family Allegheny
Crowfoot Ranun-
culus alle-
gheniensis Britt. 11-09-1991 T
6.2 Plants Ranuncu-
laceae-
Buttercup
Family Rue-
anemone Thalic-
trum thali-
ctroides (L.)
Eames
& Boivin 02-10-2022 E
6.2 Plants Rhamn-
aceae-
Buckthorn
Family Prairie
Redroot Ceanothus
herbaceus Raf. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Rosaceae-
Rose
Family Northern
Cinquefoil Potentilla
litoralis Rydb. 11-09-1991 E Potentilla
pensylvan-
ica var.
bipinnati-
fida (Doug-
las) T. & G.
6.2 Plants Rosaceae-
Rose
Family Wild Plum Prunus
americana Marsh. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Rosaceae-
Rose
Family Susque-
hanna
Sand
Cherry Prunus
susquehanae hort. ex
Willd. 11-16-2012 E
6.2 Plants Rosaceae-
Rose
Family Needle-
spine
Rose Rosa
acicularis
ssp. sayi (Schwein)
W.H.
Lewis 11-09-1991 E Rosa
acicularis
Lindl.
6.2 Plants Rubiaceae-
Madder
Family Bog
Bedstraw Galium
labrador-
icum (Wieg.)
Wieg. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Salicaceae-
Willow
Family Tea-
leaved
Willow Salix
planifolia
ssp.
planifolia Pursh 04-13-1987 T Salix
planifolia
Pursh
6.2 Plants Salicaceae-
Willow
Family Bearberry
Willow Salix
uva-ursi Pursh 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Scheuchze-
riaceae-
Scheuch-
zeria
Family Pod-
grass Scheuch-
zeria
palustris L. 04-13-1987 T
6.2 Plants Spargania-
ceae-Bur-
reed Family Lesser
Bur-reed Spar-
ganium
natans L. 11-09-1991 T
6.2 Plants Sphagna-
ceae-Sphag-
num Family A Peat-
moss Sphag-
num sub-
fulvum Sjors 06-23-1989 E Sphagnum
nitidum
Warnstorf
6.2 Plants Tofieldia-
ceae-False
Asphodel
Family Sticky
False-
asphodel Triantha
glutinosa (Michx.)
Baker 04-13-1987 T Tofieldia
glutinosa
(Michx.)
Baker
6.2 Plants Ulmaceae-
Elm
Family Cork Elm
(Rock
Elm) Ulmus
thomasii Sarg. 02-16-2011 T
6.2 Plants Valeriana-
ceae-Vale-
rian Family Marsh
Valerian Valeriana
uliginosa (Torr. &
Gray) Rydb. 04-13-1987 E
6.2 Plants Violaceae-
Violet
Family Lance-
leaved
Violet Viola
lanceo-
lata ssp.
lanceo-
lata L. 04-13-1987 T Viola
lanceo-
lata L.
6.2 Plants Xyridaceae-
Yellow-eyed-
grass Family Northern
Yellow-
eyed-grass Xyris
montana Ries 04-13-1987 T
6.3 Amphipods Crangonyc-
tidae-A
Gammarid
Amphipod
Family Taconic
Cave
Amphipod Stygo-
bromus
borealis 12-07-1994 E
6.4.1 Insects Apidae-
Bee
Family Rusty-
patched
Bumble
Bee Bombus
affinis 03-28-2015 E
6.4.1 Insects Apidae-
Bee
Family Ashton
Cuckoo
Bumble
Bee Bombus
ashtoni 03-28-2015 E
6.4.1 Insects Apidae-
Bee
Family American
Bumble
Bee Bombus
pensylvan-
icus 02-10-2022 E
6.4.1 Insects Apidae-
Bee
Family Yellow-
banded
Bumble
Bee Bombus
terricola 03-28-2015 T
6.4.2 Insects Carabidae-
Ground
Beetle
Family Hairy-
necked
Tiger
Beetle Cicindela
hirticollis 12-07-1994 T
6.4.2 Insects Carabidae-
Ground
Beetle
Family Cobble-
stone
Tiger
Beetle Cicindela
margini-
pennis 04-13-1987 T
6.4.2 Insects Carabidae-
Ground
Beetle
Family Puritan
Tiger
Beetle Ellipsop-
tera puri-
tana 12-07-1994 T Cicindela
puritana
6.5 Mollusks Margariti-
feridae
-Pearl
Mussel
Family Eastern
Pearlshell Margar-
itifera
margari-
tifera 12-07-1994 T
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Dwarf
Wedge-
mussel Alasmi-
donta
heterodon 11-09-1991 E Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Brook
Floater Alasmi-
donta vari-
cosa 02-10-2022 E Listed as
Threatened
on 12-07- 1994.
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Cylindrical
Papershell Anodon-
toides
ferussa-
cianus 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Pocket-
book Lampsilis
ovata 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Fluted-
shell Lasmi-
gona co-
stata 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Fragile
Paper-
shell Lepto-
dea fra-
gilis 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Black
Sandshell Ligumia
recta 03-18-1999 E Listed as
Threatened
on 12-07- 1994.
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Pink
Heel-
splitter Potami-
lus alatus 03-18-1999 E
6.5 Mollusks Unionidae-
Unionid
Mussel
Family Giant
Floater Pygano-
don gran-
dis 03-18-1999 T
6.6 Fish Acipen-
seridae-
Sturgeon
Family Lake
Sturgeon Acipenser
fulvescens 04-13-1987 E
6.6 Fish Ictaluridae-
North Amer-
ican Fresh-
water Cat-
fish Family Stonecat Noturus
flavus 12-07-1994 E
6.6 Fish Percidae-
Perch
Family Eastern
Sand
Darter Ammo-
crypta
pellucida 04-13-1987 T
6.6 Fish Percidae-
Perch
Family Channel
Darter Percina
copelandi 03-18-1999 E
6.6 Fish Petromyzon-
tidae-Lamp-
rey Family Northern
Brook
Lamprey Ichthyo-
myzon
fossor 11-09-1991 E Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.6 Fish Petromyzon-
tidae-Lamp-
rey Family American
Brook
Lamprey Lethen-
teron ap-
pendix 04-13-1987 T Lampetra
appendix
6.7 Amphibians Bufonidae-
Toad
Family Fowler’s
Toad Anaxyrus
fowleri 03-28-2015 E
6.7 Amphibians Hylidae-
New World
Tree Frog
Family Boreal
Chorus
Frog Pseuda-
cris mac-
ulata 11-15-2012 E
6.8 Reptiles Colubridae-
Colubrid
Snake
Family North
American
Racer Coluber
constrict-
or 04-23-2005 T
6.8 Reptiles Colubridae-
Colubrid
Snake
Family Eastern
Ratsnake Panther-
ophis
alleghan-
iensis 04-23-2005 T Elaphe
obsoleta
6.8 Reptiles Emydidae-
Box Turtle
and Pond
Turtle
Family Spotted
Turtle Clemmys
guttata 03-18-1999 E Listed as
Threatened
on 06-23- 1989.
6.8 Reptiles Scincidae-
Skink
Family Common
Five-lined
Skink Plestiodon
fasciatus 04-13-1987 E Eumeces
fasciatus
6.8 Reptiles Trionychi-
dae-Soft-
shell Turtle
Family Spiny
Softshell Apalone
spinifera 04-13-1987 T
6.8 Reptiles Viperidae-
Viper and
Pit Viper
Family Timber
Rattle-
snake Crotalus
horridus 04-13-1987 E
6.9 Birds Caprimul-
gidae-
Nightjar
Family Eastern
Whip-
poor-will Antrosto-
mus voci-
ferus 11-15-2012 T Capri-
mulgus voci-
ferus
6.9 Birds Caprimul-
gidae-
Nightjar
Family Common
Nighthawk Chordeiles
minor 11-15-2012 E
6.9 Birds Icteridae-
Blackbird
Family Rusty
Blackbird Euphagus
carolinus 03-28-2015 E
6.9 Birds Icteridae-
Blackbird
Family Eastern
Meadow-
lark Sturnella
magna 02-10-2022 T
6.9 Birds Laniidae-
Shrike
Family Logger-
head
Shrike Lanius
ludovi-
cianus 04-13-1987 E
6.9 Birds Laridae-
Gull and
Tern Family Black
Tern Chlidonias
niger 04-23-2005 E Listed as
Threatened
on 12-07- 1994.
6.9 Birds Laridae-
Gull and
Tern Family Common
Tern Sterna
hirundo 07-30-1988 E Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.9 Birds Passerel-
lidae-New
World Spar-
row Family Grasshop-
per Spar-
row Ammodram-
us savannar-
um 03-18-1999 T
6.9 Birds Passerel-
lidae-New
World Spar-
row Family Henslow’s
Sparrow Centronyx
henslowii 04-13-1987 E Ammo-
dramus
henslowii
6.9 Birds Phasianidae-
Turkey,
Grouse,
Pheasant and
Partridge
Family Spruce
Grouse Canachites
canadensis 07-30-1988 E Falcipen-
nis cana-
densis
6.9 Birds Scolopacidae-
Sandpiper,
Snipe and
Relatives
Family Upland
Sandpiper Bartramia
longicauda 04-23-2005 E Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.9 Birds Troglody-
tidae-Wren
Family Sedge
Wren Cistothorus
stellaris 03-18-1999 E Cistothor-
us plate-
nsis Listed as
Threatened
on 04-13-1987.
6.10 Mammals Felidae-
Cat Family Canadian
Lynx Lynx
canadensis 04-13-1987 E
6.10 Mammals Felidae-
Cat Family Eastern
Mountain
Lion Puma
concolor
couguar 04-13-1987 E Felis
concolor
couguar
6.10 Mammals Mustelidae-
Weasel
Family American
Marten Martes
americana 04-13-1987 E
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-
lioni-dae-
Evening
Bat and
Vesper Bat
Family Eastern
Small-
footed Bat Myotis
leibii 04-13-1987 T
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-
lioni-dae-
Evening
Bat and
Vesper Bat
Family Little
Brown
Bat Myotis
lucifugus 07-15-2011 E
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-
lioni-dae-
Evening
Bat and
Vesper Bat
Family Northern
Long-ear-
ed Bat Myotis
septentrion-
alis 07-15-2011 E
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-
lioni-dae-
Evening
Bat and
Vesper Bat
Family Indiana
Bat Myotis
sodalis 04-13-1987 E
6.10 Mammals Vesperti-
lioni-dae-
Evening
Bat and
Vesper Bat
Family Tri-colored
Bat Perimyotis
subflavus 11-15-2012 E
(Added 1989, Regulation of the Secretary Agency of Natural Resources, eff. June 23, 1989; amended 1991, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 9, 1991; amended 1995, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Dec. 7, 1994; amended 1999, Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Mar. 18, 1999; 2005 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Apr. 28, 2005; 2011 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff.
July 15, 2011; 2012 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Nov. 15, 2012; 2014, No. 116 (Adj. Sess.), § 13; 2015 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Mar. 28, 2015; 2022 Regulation of the Secretary of Agency of Natural Resources, eff. Feb. 10, 2022.)