§ 9501. Findings
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Congress makes the following findings:
(1)On March 6, 2014, President Barack Obama issued Executive Order No. 13660 (79 Fed. Reg. 13493; relating to blocking property of certain persons contributing to the situation in Ukraine), which authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Secretary of State, to impose sanctions on those determined to be undermining democratic processes and institutions in Ukraine or threatening the peace, security, stability, sovereignty, and territorial integrity of Ukraine. President Obama subsequently issued Executive Order No. 13661 (79 Fed. Reg. 15535; relating to blocking property of additional persons contributing to the situation in Ukraine) and Executive Order No. 13662 (79 Fed. Reg. 16169; relating to blocking property of additional persons contributing to the situation in Ukraine) to expand sanctions on certain persons contributing to the situation in Ukraine.
(2)On December 18, 2014, the Ukraine Freedom Support Act of 2014 was enacted (Public Law 113–272; 22 U.S.C. 8921 et seq.), which includes provisions directing the President to impose sanctions on foreign persons that the President determines to be entities owned or controlled by the Government of the Russian Federation or nationals of the Russian Federation that manufacture, sell, transfer, or otherwise provide certain defense articles into Syria.
(3)On April 1, 2015, President Obama issued Executive Order No. 13694 (80 Fed. Reg. 18077; relating to blocking the property of certain persons engaging in significant malicious cyber-enabled activities), which authorizes the Secretary of the Treasury, in consultation with the Attorney General and the Secretary of State, to impose sanctions on persons determined to be engaged in malicious cyber-hacking.
(4)On July 26, 2016, President Obama approved a Presidential Policy Directive on United States Cyber Incident Coordination, which states, “certain cyber incidents that have significant impacts on an entity, our national security, or the broader economy require a unique approach to response efforts”.
(5)On December 29, 2016, President Obama issued an annex to Executive Order No. 13694,1 which authorized sanctions on the following entities and individuals:
(A)The Main Intelligence Directorate (also known as Glavnoe Razvedyvatel’noe Upravlenie or the GRU) in Moscow, Russian Federation.
(B)The Federal Security Service (also known as Federalnaya Sluzhba Bezopasnosti or the FSB) in Moscow, Russian Federation.
(C)The Special Technology Center (also known as STLC, Ltd. Special Technology Center St. Petersburg) in St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
(D)Zorsecurity (also known as Esage Lab) in Moscow, Russian Federation.
(E)The autonomous noncommercial organization known as the Professional Association of Designers of Data Processing Systems (also known as ANO PO KSI) in Moscow, Russian Federation.
(F)Igor Valentinovich Korobov.
(G)Sergey Aleksandrovich Gizunov.
(H)Igor Olegovich Kostyukov.
(I)Vladimir Stepanovich Alexseyev.
(6)On January 6, 2017, an assessment of the United States intelligence community entitled, “Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent U.S. Elections” stated, “Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence campaign in 2016 aimed at the United States presidential election.” The assessment warns that “Moscow will apply lessons learned from its Putin-ordered campaign aimed at the U.S. Presidential election to future influence efforts worldwide, including against U.S. allies and their election processes”.
(Pub. L. 115–44, title II, § 211, Aug. 2, 2017, 131 Stat. 898.)
Connections39 cite this · traces to 7
Cited by 39 sections · top 33
public-private-law
U.S. Code
- § 9525Imposition of sanctions with respect to persons engaging in transactions with the intelligence or defense sectors of the Government of the Russian Federation
- § 9511Congressional review of certain actions relating to sanctions imposed with respect to the Russian Federation
- § 9522Codification of sanctions relating to the Russian Federation
- § 9524Imposition of sanctions with respect to activities of the Russian Federation undermining cybersecurity
- § 9527Sanctions with respect to investment in or facilitation of privatization of State-owned assets by the Russian Federation
- § 9531Exception relating to activities of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration
- § 9561Definitions
statute-compilations
statutes-at-large
- Public Law 116–94Making further consolidated appropriations for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2020, and for other purposes
- Public Law 117–81To authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2022 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes
- Public Law 115–44To provide congressional review and to counter aggression by the Governments of Iran, the Russian Federation, and North Korea, and for other purposes
bill
- Sec. 2Findings
- Sec. 6Report on entities involved in construction or repair of Nord Stream 2
- Sec. 6Report on entities involved in construction or repair of Nord Stream 2
- Sec. 6Report on entities involved in construction or repair of Nord Stream 2
- Sec. 5125Including of Tribal Governments and Territories in the High-risk money laundering and related financial crime areas
- Sec. 5125Including of Tribal Governments and Territories in the High-risk money laundering and related financial crime areas
- Sec. 6506Updates to the National Strategy for Combating Terrorist and Other Illicit Financing
- Sec. 6506Updates to the National Strategy for Combating Terrorist and Other Illicit Financing
- Sec. 2Including of Tribal Governments and Territories in the High-risk money laundering and related financial crime areas
- Sec. 7Imposition of sanctions
- Sec. 7Imposition of sanctions
- Sec. 404Repeal of European Energy Security and Diversification Act of 2019
- Sec. 407Repeal of redundant provisions of the European Energy Security and Diversification Act of 2019
- Sec. 1298Repeal of European Energy Security and Diversification Act of 2019
Traces to 7 documents
public-private-law
6 references not yet in our index
- 1
- 131 Stat. 898
- 128 Stat. 2952
- 133 Stat. 3222
- 131 Stat. 900
- 131 Stat. 939
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§ 9501
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Stat.128 Stat. 2952
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