§ 5562. INTERNATIONAL PANDEMIC PREVENTION AND PREPAREDNESS.
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United States International Activities To Advance Global Health Security and Diplomacy Strategy and Report.— In general .— The President shall develop, update, maintain, and advance a comprehensive strategy for improving United States global health security and diplomacy for pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response which, consistent with the purposes of this subtitle, shall— clearly articulate United States policy goals related to pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, including through actions to strengthen diplomatic leadership and the effectiveness of United States foreign policy and international preparedness assistance for global health security through advancement of a One Health approach, the Global Health Security Agenda, the International Health Regulations (2005), and other relevant frameworks that contribute to pandemic prevention and preparedness; establish specific and measurable goals, benchmarks, timetables, performance metrics, and monitoring and evaluation plans for United States foreign policy and assistance for global health security that promote learning and adaptation and reflect international best practices relating to global health security, transparency, and accountability; establish transparent mechanisms to improve coordination and avoid duplication of effort between and among the relevant Federal departments and agencies, partner countries, donor countries, the private sector, multilateral organizations, and other key stakeholders; prioritize working with partner countries with— demonstrated need, as identified through the Joint External Evaluation process, the Global Health Security Index classification of health systems, national action plans for health security, Global Health Security Agenda, other risk-based assessments, and complementary or successor indicators of global health security and pandemic preparedness; and demonstrated commitment to transparency, including budget and global health data transparency, complying with the International Health Regulations (2005), investing in domestic health systems, and achieving measurable results; reduce long-term reliance upon United States foreign assistance for global health security by— ensuring that United States global health assistance authorized under this subtitle is strategically planned and coordinated in a manner that delivers immediate impact and contributes to enduring results, including through efforts to enhance community capacity and resilience to infectious disease threats and emergencies; and ensuring partner country ownership of global health security strategies, data, programs, and outcomes and improved domestic resource mobilization, co-financing, and appropriate national budget allocations for global health security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response; assist partner countries in building the technical capacity of relevant ministries, systems, and networks to prepare, execute, monitor, and evaluate national action plans for global health security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response that are developed with input from key stakeholders, including mechanism to enhance budget and global health data transparency, as necessary and appropriate; support and align United States foreign assistance authorized under this subtitle with such national action plans for health security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, as appropriate; facilitate communication and collaboration, as appropriate, among local stakeholders in support of country-led strategies and initiatives to better identify and prevent health impacts related to the emergence, reemergence, and spread of zoonoses; support the long-term success of programs by building the pandemic preparedness capacity of local organizations and institutions in target countries and communities; develop community resilience to infectious disease threats and emergencies; support global health budget and workforce planning in partner countries, consistent with the purposes of this subtitle, including training in financial management and budget and global health data transparency; strengthen linkages between complementary bilateral and multilateral foreign assistance programs, including efforts of the World Bank, the World Health Organization, the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, and Gavi, the Vaccine Alliance, that contribute to the development of more resilient health systems and global supply chains for global health security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response in partner countries with the capacity, resources, and personnel required to prevent, detect, and respond to infectious disease threats; and support innovation and partnerships with the private sector, health organizations, civil society, nongovernmental, faith-based and indigenous organizations, and health research and academic institutions to improve pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, including for the development and deployment of effective and accessible infectious disease tracking tools, diagnostics, therapeutics, and vaccines.
Submission of strategy.— In general .— Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the President, in consultation with the heads of the relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall submit the strategy required under paragraph
(1)to— the appropriate congressional committees; the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate; and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives. Agency-specific plans .— The strategy required under paragraph
(1)shall include specific implementation plans from each relevant Federal department and agency that describe— the anticipated contributions of the Federal department or agency, including technical, financial, and in-kind contributions, to implement the strategy; and the efforts of the Federal department or agency to ensure that the activities and programs carried out pursuant to the strategy are designed to achieve maximum impact and long-term sustainability. Annual report.— In general .— Not later than 1 year after the submission of the strategy pursuant to paragraph (2)(A), and not later than October 1 of each year thereafter, the President shall submit to the committees listed in such paragraph a report that describes the status of the implementation of such strategy. Contents .— Each report submitted pursuant to subparagraph
(A)shall— identify any substantial changes made to the strategy during the preceding calendar year; describe the progress made in implementing the strategy, including specific information related to the progress toward improving countries’ ability to detect, prevent, and respond to infectious disease threats; identify— the indicators used to establish benchmarks and measure results over time; and the mechanisms for reporting such results in an open and transparent manner; contain a transparent, open, and detailed accounting of obligations by relevant Federal departments and agencies to implement the strategy, including, to the extent practicable, for each such Federal department and agency, the statutory source of obligated funds, the amounts obligated, implementing partners and sub-partners, targeted beneficiaries, and activities supported; the efforts of the relevant Federal department or agency to ensure that the activities and programs carried out pursuant to the strategy are designed to achieve maximum impact and enduring results, including through specific activities to strengthen health systems for global health security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response, as appropriate; assess efforts to coordinate United States global health security programs, activities, and initiatives with key stakeholders; incorporate a plan for regularly reviewing and updating strategies, partnerships, and programs and sharing lessons learned with a wide range of stakeholders in an open, transparent manner; and describe the progress achieved and challenges concerning the United States Government’s ability to advance the Global Health Security Agenda and pandemic preparedness, including data disaggregated by priority country using indicators that are consistent on a year-to-year basis and recommendations to resolve, mitigate, or otherwise address the challenges identified through such indicators. Form .— The strategy and reports required under this subsection shall be submitted in unclassified form, but may contain a classified annex. United States Coordinator for Global Health Security .— The President shall designate an appropriate senior official to be the United States Coordinator for Global Health Security, who shall be responsible for the coordination of the Global Health Security Agenda Interagency Review Council and who should— have significant background and expertise in public health, health security, and emergency response management; coordinate, through a whole-of-government approach, the efforts of relevant Federal departments and agencies to implement the strategy under subsection (a); and seek to fully use the unique capabilities of each relevant Federal department and agency and ensure effective and appropriate United States representation at relevant international forums, while collaborating with and leveraging the contributions of other key stakeholders. Ambassador-At-Large for Global Health Security and Diplomacy.— Establishment .— There is established, within the Department of State, the position of Ambassador-At-Large for Global Health Security and Diplomacy (referred to in this section as the ‘Ambassador-At-Large’). Appointment; qualifications .— The Ambassador-At-Large— shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate; shall report to the Secretary of State; and shall have— demonstrated knowledge and experience in the field of health security, development, public health, epidemiology, or medicine; and relevant diplomatic, policy, and political expertise. Authorities .— The Ambassador-At-Large may— operate internationally to carry out the purposes of this section; ensure effective coordination, management, and oversight of United States foreign policy, diplomatic efforts, and foreign assistance funded with amounts authorized to be appropriated pursuant to section 5564(a) that are used by the Department of State to advance the relevant elements of the United States global health security and diplomacy strategy developed pursuant to subsection
(a)by— developing and updating, as appropriate, in collaboration with the Administrator of the USAID and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, related policy guidance and unified auditing, monitoring, and evaluation plans; avoiding duplication of effort and collaborating with other relevant Federal departments and agencies; leading, in collaboration with the Secretary of Health and Human Services, the Administrator of the USAID, and other relevant Federal departments and agencies, diplomatic efforts to identify and address current and emerging threats to global health security; working to enhance coordination with, and transparency among, the governments of partner countries and key stakeholders, including the private sector; promoting greater donor and national investment in partner countries to build health systems and supply chains for global health security and pandemic prevention and preparedness; securing bilateral and multilateral financing commitments to advance the Global Health Security Agenda, in coordination with relevant Federal departments and agencies, including through funding for the Financial Intermediary Fund for Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness, and Response; and providing regular updates to the appropriate congressional committees, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives regarding the fulfillment of the activities described in this paragraph; ensure, in collaboration with the Secretary of the Treasury, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, and the Administrator of the USAID, effective representation of the United States in the Financial Intermediary Fund for Pandemic Prevention, Preparedness, and Response; use detailees, on a reimbursable or nonreimbursable basis, from relevant Federal departments and agencies and hire personal service contractors, who may operate domestically and internationally, to ensure that the Ambassador-At-Large has access to the highest quality experts available to the United States Government to carry out the functions under this subtitle; and perform such other functions as the Secretary of State may assign. Strengthening Health Systems for Global Health Security and Pandemic Prevention and Preparedness.— Statement of policy .— It is the policy of the United States to ensure that bilateral global health assistance programs are effectively managed and coordinated, as necessary and appropriate to achieve the purposes of this subtitle, to contribute to the strengthening of health systems for global health security and pandemic prevention, preparedness, and response in each country in which such programs are carried out. Coordination .— The Administrator of the USAID shall work with the Global Malaria Coordinator, the Coordinator of United States Government Activities to Combat HIV/AIDS Globally, the Ambassador-at-Large for Global Health Security and Diplomacy at the Department of State, and the Secretary of Health and Human Services, to identify areas of collaboration and coordination in countries with global health programs and activities undertaken by the USAID pursuant to the United States Leadership Against HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria Act of 2003 ( Public Law 108–25 ) [ 22 U.S.C. 7601 et seq.] and other relevant provisions of law, to ensure that such activities contribute to the strengthening of health systems for global health security and pandemic prevention and preparedness. Coordination for International Pandemic Early Warning Network.— Sense of congress .— It is the sense of Congress that the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in coordination with the Secretary of State, the USAID Administrator, the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the heads of the other relevant Federal departments and agencies, should work with the World Health Organization and other key stakeholders to establish or strengthen effective early warning systems, at the partner country, regional, and international levels, that utilize innovative information and analytical tools and robust review processes to track, document, analyze, and forecast infectious disease threats with epidemic and pandemic potential. Report .— Not later than 1 year after the date of the enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter for the following 4 years, the Secretary of Health and Human Services, in coordination with the Secretary of State and the heads of the other relevant Federal departments and agencies, shall submit a report to the appropriate congressional committees, the Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions of the Senate, and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives that describes United States Government efforts and opportunities to establish or strengthen effective early warning systems to detect infectious disease threats internationally. International Emergency Operations.— Sense of congress .— It is the sense of Congress that it is essential to enhance the capacity of key stakeholders to effectively operationalize early warning and execute multi-sectoral emergency operations during an infectious disease outbreak, particularly in countries and areas that deliberately withhold critical global health data and delay access during an infectious disease outbreak, in advance of the next infectious disease outbreak with pandemic potential. Public health emergencies of international concern .— The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in coordination with the Secretary of State, should work with the World Health Organization and like-minded member states to adopt an approach toward assessing infectious disease threats under the International Health Regulations
(2005)for the World Health Organization to identify and transparently communicate, on an ongoing basis, varying levels of risk leading up to a declaration by the Director General of the World Health Organization of a Public Health Emergency of International Concern for the duration and in the aftermath of such declaration. Emergency operations .— The Secretary of Health and Human Services, in coordination with the Secretary of State, the Administrator of the USAID, the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the heads of other relevant Federal departments and agencies and consistent with the requirements under the International Health Regulations
(2005)and the objectives of the World Health Organization’s Health Emergencies Programme, the Global Health Security Agenda, and national actions plans for health security, should work, in cooperation with the World Health Organization, with partner countries, and other key stakeholders, to support the establishment, strengthening, and rapid response capacity of global health emergency operations centers, at the partner country and international levels, including efforts— to collect and share de-identified public health data, assess risk, and operationalize early warning; to secure, including through utilization of stand-by arrangements and emergency funding mechanisms, the staff, systems, and resources necessary to execute cross-sectoral emergency operations during the 48-hour period immediately following an infectious disease outbreak with pandemic potential; and to organize and conduct emergency simulations.
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- Pub. L. 108-25
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