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Code · U.S. Code · Title 18 - CRIMES AND CRIMINAL PROCEDURE · CHAPTER 25— COUNTERFEITING AND FORGERY · § 478

§ 478. Foreign obligations or securities

201 words·~1 min read·/usc/title-18/section-478

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Whoever, within the United States, with intent to defraud, falsely makes, alters, forges, or counterfeits any bond, certificate, obligation, or other security of any foreign government, purporting to be or in imitation of any such security issued under the authority of such foreign government, or any treasury note, bill, or promise to pay, lawfully issued by such foreign government and intended to circulate as money, shall be fined under this title or imprisoned not more than 20 years, or both.
(June 25, 1948, ch. 645, 62 Stat. 707; Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(K), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 2147; Pub. L. 107–56, title III, § 375(a), Oct. 26, 2001, 115 Stat. 341.)
Historical and Revision Notes
Based on title 18, U.S.C., 1940 ed., § 270 (Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 156, 35 Stat. 1117).
Reference to persons causing, procuring, aiding or assisting was omitted as unnecessary as such persons are made principals by section 2 of this title.
Mandatory punishment provision was rephrased in the alternative.
Changes were also made in phraseology.
Connections5 cite this · traces to 1
10 references not yet in our index
  • June 25, 1948, ch. 645
  • 62 Stat. 707
  • Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(K)
  • 108 Stat. 2147
  • Pub. L. 107–56, title III, § 375(a)
  • 115 Stat. 341
  • Mar. 4, 1909, ch. 321, § 156
  • 35 Stat. 1117
  • Pub. L. 107–56
  • Pub. L. 103–322
Citation graph
cites case law
§ 478
Foreign obligations or securities
Fed. Reg.×4
U.S.C.×1
ActJune 25, 1948, ch. 645
Stat.62 Stat. 707
Pub. L.Pub. L. 103–322, title XXXIII, § 330016(1)(K)
Stat.108 Stat. 2147
Pub. L.Pub. L. 107–56, title III, § 375(a)
Cites 11 · showing 6Cited by 5 across 2 sources
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