§ 247. Damage to religious property; obstruction of persons in the free exercise of religious beliefs
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/usc/title-18/section-247A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.
(a)Whoever, in any of the circumstances referred to in subsection
(b)of this section—
(1)intentionally defaces, damages, or destroys any religious real property, because of the religious character of that property, or attempts to do so; or
(2)intentionally obstructs, by force or threat of force, including by threat of force against religious real property, any person in the enjoyment of that person’s free exercise of religious beliefs, or attempts to do so;
shall be punished as provided in subsection (d).
(b)The circumstances referred to in subsection
(a)are that the offense is in or affects interstate or foreign commerce.
(c)Whoever intentionally defaces, damages, or destroys any religious real property because of the race, color, or ethnic characteristics of any individual associated with that religious property, or attempts to do so, shall be punished as provided in subsection (d).
(d)The punishment for a violation of subsection
(a)or
(c)of this section shall be—
(1)if death results from acts committed in violation of this section or if such acts include kidnapping or an attempt to kidnap, aggravated sexual abuse or an attempt to commit aggravated sexual abuse, or an attempt to kill, a fine in accordance with this title and imprisonment for any term of years or for life, or both, or may be sentenced to death;
(2)if bodily injury results to any person, including any public safety officer performing duties as a direct or proximate result of conduct prohibited by this section, and the violation is by means of fire or an explosive, a fine under this title or imprisonment for not more that 40 years, or both;
(3)if bodily injury to any person, including any public safety officer performing duties as a direct or proximate result of conduct prohibited by this section, results from the acts committed in violation of this section or if such acts include the use, attempted use, or threatened use of a dangerous weapon, explosives, or fire, a fine in accordance with this title and imprisonment for not more than 20 years, or both;
(4)if damage to or destruction of property results from the acts committed in violation of this section, which damage to or destruction of such property is in an amount that exceeds $5,000, a fine in accordance with this title, imprisonment for not more than 3 years, or both; and
(5)in any other case, a fine in accordance with this title and imprisonment for not more than one year, or both.
(e)No prosecution of any offense described in this section shall be undertaken by the United States except upon the certification in writing of the Attorney General or his designee that in his judgment a prosecution by the United States is in the public interest and necessary to secure substantial justice.
(f)As used in this section, the term “religious real property” means any church, synagogue, mosque, religious cemetery, or other religious real property, including fixtures or religious objects contained within a place of religious worship, or real property owned or leased by a nonprofit, religiously affiliated organization.
(g)No person shall be prosecuted, tried, or punished for any noncapital offense under this section unless the indictment is found or the information is instituted not later than 7 years after the date on which the offense was committed.
(Added Pub. L. 100–346, § 1, June 24, 1988, 102 Stat. 644; amended Pub. L. 103–322, title VI, § 60006(d), title XXXII, § 320103(d), Sept. 13, 1994, 108 Stat. 1971, 2110; Pub. L. 104–155, § 3, July 3, 1996, 110 Stat. 1392; Pub. L. 104–294, title VI, §§ 601(c)(3), 605(r), Oct. 11, 1996, 110 Stat. 3499, 3511; Pub. L. 107–273, div. B, title IV, § 4002(c)(1), (e)(4), Nov. 2, 2002, 116 Stat. 1808, 1810; Pub. L. 115–249, § 2, Sept. 28, 2018, 132 Stat. 3162.)
Connections14 cite this · traces to 1
Cited by 14 sections · top 9
U.S. Code
statutes-at-large
- Public Law 100–346To amend chapter 13 of title 18, United States Code, to impose criminal penalties for damage to religious property and for obstruction of persons in the free exercise of religious beliefs
- Public Law 104–155To amend title 18, United States Code, to clarify the Federal jurisdiction over offenses relating to damage to religious property
- Public Law 107–273To authorize appropriations for the Department of Justice for fiscal year 2002,and for other purposes
Traces to 1 document
29 references not yet in our index
- Pub. L. 100–346, § 1
- 102 Stat. 644
- Pub. L. 103–322, title VI, § 60006(d)
- 108 Stat. 1971
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 3
- 110 Stat. 1392
- Pub. L. 104–294, title VI
- 110 Stat. 3499
- Pub. L. 107–273, div. B, title IV, § 4002(c)(1)
- 116 Stat. 1808
- 132 Stat. 3162
- Pub. L. 107–273, § 4002(c)(1)
- Pub. L. 104–294, § 605(r)
- Pub. L. 107–273, § 4002(e)(4)
- Pub. L. 104–294, § 601(c)(3)
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 3(1)
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 3(3)
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 3(2)
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 3(4)(C)
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 3(4)(A)
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 3(4)(B)
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 3(6)
- Pub. L. 103–322, § 320103(d)(1)
- Pub. L. 103–322, § 60006(d)
- Pub. L. 103–322, § 320103(d)(2)
- Pub. L. 103–322, § 320103(d)(3)
- Pub. L. 107–273, div. B, title IV, § 4002(e)(4)
- 116 Stat. 1810
- Pub. L. 104–155, § 2
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§ 247
Damage to religious property; obstruction of persons in the free exercise of religious beliefs
U.S.C.×6
Fed. Reg.×4
Stat.×4
Pub. L.Pub. L. 100–346, § 1
Stat.102 Stat. 644
Pub. L.Pub. L. 103–322, title VI, § 60006(d)
Stat.108 Stat. 1971
Pub. L.Pub. L. 104–155, § 3
Cites 30 · showing 6Cited by 14 across 3 sources