Sec. 1531. ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE HUMAN FACTORS INTEGRATION INITIATIVE

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## SEC. 1531 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE HUMAN FACTORS INTEGRATION INITIATIVE ###

(a)Initiative Required ####

(1)In general The Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering, in coordination with the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment and the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense, shall establish an initiative— #####

(A)to improve the human usability of artificial intelligence systems and information derived from such systems through the application of cognitive ergonomics techniques; and #####

(B)to improve the human usability and cognitive effectiveness of artificial intelligence systems adopted by the Department of Defense by ensuring that design tools and metrics are available for artificial intelligence and machine learning programs that ensure human factors considerations are included for such systems. ####

(2)Designation The initiative established pursuant to paragraph

(1)shall be known as the “Artificial Intelligence Human Factors Integration Initiative” (in this section the “Initiative”). ###

(b)Briefing Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering, the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, and the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense shall jointly brief the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate and the Committee on Armed Services of the House of Representatives on the following: ####

(1)Existing research and development work within the Department of Defense laboratories relating to human-machine teaming, human-centered design, cognitive load, cognitive ergonomics, and similar topics that are currently being used or could be used to inform or enhance Department personnel usability of artificial intelligence systems and artificial intelligence-derived information. ####

(2)Identification of gaps in research with respect to interactions of personnel of the Department with artificial intelligence systems in warfighting and nonwarfighting environments that may necessitate additional research within the Federal Government, industry, or academia. ####

(3)Identification of relevant tools, methodologies, testing processes or systems, and evaluation metrics that may be of use to the Department in improving the cognitive ergonomic and human usability features of artificial intelligence systems for personnel of the Department. ###

(c)Plan Not later than 90 days after the date on which the briefing required by subsection

(b)is provided, the Under Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering, the Under Secretary of Defense for Acquisition and Sustainment, and the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense shall jointly develop and implement a plan to— ####

(1)work with the military departments (as defined in section 101(a) of title 10, United States Code) and other components of the Department to ensure human factors and human systems integration elements are considered early in the development or evaluation process with respect to the procurement, adoption, or use of artificial intelligence systems or artificial intelligence-derived information; ####

(2)convene research meetings or other forums to coordinate cognitive ergonomics research or related research challenges with a broad community of academic, commercial, and international partners; ####

(3)work with the Chief Digital and Artificial Intelligence Officer of the Department of Defense to review commercial toolsets to assess the level of human factors integration investment of such commercial toolsets; and ####

(4)develop guidance based on the research and development work identified pursuant to subsection (b)(1) regarding how to create a framework or taxonomy for characterizing the exercise of appropriate levels of human judgment within Department of Defense Directive 3000.09 (relating to Autonomy in Weapons Systems), or successor directive, for artificial intelligence programs in the Department. ###

(d)Rule of Construction Nothing in this section shall be construed to prohibit or otherwise limit the authority of the Secretary of Defense to research, develop, improve, or acquire any weapon system or other capability that is enabled, empowered, enhanced, or improved by artificial intelligence, machine learning, or a large language model.