Sec. 10102. BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM

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## SEC. 10102 BASIC ENERGY SCIENCES PROGRAM **[**[42 U.S.C. 18911](/us/usc/t42/s18911)**]** ###

(a)Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act Section 303 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act (42 U.S.C. 18641) is amended— ####

(1)**[**[42 U.S.C. 16313](/us/usc/t42/s16313)**]** by redesignating subsections

(a)through

(e)as subsections

(c)through (g), respectively; ####

(2)by inserting before subsection (c), as so redesignated, the following: > > ### “(a) Program > > As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out a research and development program in basic energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to understand, model, and control matter and energy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and support the energy, environment, and national security missions of the Department. > > > ### “(b) Sustainable Chemistry > > In carrying out chemistry-related research and development activities under this section, the Director shall prioritize research and development of sustainable chemistry to support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to traditional chemical products and processes.” > ; ####

(3)in subsection (d), as so redesignated— #####

(A)in paragraph (3)— ######

(i)in subparagraph (C), by striking “and” at the end; ######

(ii)by redesignating subparagraph

(D)as subparagraph (E); and ######

(iii)by inserting after subparagraph

(C)the following: > > ##### “(D) > > autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis and characterization facilities that leverage advances in artificial intelligence; and” > ; and #####

(B)by adding at the end the following: > > #### “(4) Advanced photon source upgrade > > > ##### “(A) Definitions > > In this paragraph: > > > ###### “(i) Flux > > The term ‘flux’ means the rate of flow of photons. > > > ###### “(ii) Hard x-ray > > The term ‘hard x-ray’ means a photon with energy greater than 20 kiloelectron volts. > > > ##### “(B) Upgrade > > The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facility Upgrades’, including the development of a multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and a suite of beamlines optimized for this source. > > > ##### “(C) Start of operations > > The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before March 31, 2026. > > > ##### “(D) Funding > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph $14,200,000 for fiscal year 2023. > > > #### “(5) Spallation neutron source proton power upgrade > > > ##### “(A) In general > > The Secretary shall provide for the proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron Source. > > > ##### “(B) Proton power upgrade defined > > In this paragraph, the term ‘proton power upgrade’ means the Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described in— > > > ###### “(i) > > the publication entitled ‘Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’, published by the Office of Science of the Department in December, 2003; > > > ###### “(ii) > > the publication entitled ‘Four Years Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’, published by the Office of Science of the Department in August, 2007; and > > > ###### “(iii) > > the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facility Upgrades’. > > > ##### “(C) Start of operations > > The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before July 30, 2028, with the option for early operation in 2025. > > > ##### “(D) Funding > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— > > > ###### “(i) > > $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; > > > ###### “(ii) > > $14,202,000 for fiscal year 2024; and > > > ###### “(iii) > > $1,567,000 for fiscal year 2025. > > > #### “(6) Spallation neutron source second target station > > > ##### “(A) In general > > The Secretary shall provide for a second target station for the Spallation Neutron Source. > > > ##### “(B) Second target station defined > > In this paragraph, the term ‘second target station’ means the Spallation Neutron Source second target station described in— > > > ###### “(i) > > the publication entitled, ‘Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’, published by the Office of Science of the Department in December, 2003; > > > ###### “(ii) > > the publication entitled, ‘Four Years Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook’, published by the Office of Science of the Department in August, 2007; and > > > ###### “(iii) > > the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facility Upgrades’. > > > ##### “(C) Start of operations > > The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the second target station under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2033, with the option for early operation in 2029. > > > ##### “(D) Funding > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this paragraph, including construction— > > > ###### “(i) > > $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; > > > ###### “(ii) > > $205,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; > > > ###### “(iii) > > $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; > > > ###### “(iv) > > $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and > > > ###### “(v) > > $281,000,000 for fiscal year 2027. > > > #### “(7) Advanced light source upgrade > > > ##### “(A) Definitions > > In this paragraph: > > > ###### “(i) Flux > > The term ‘flux’ means the rate of flow of photons. > > > ###### “(ii) Soft x-ray > > The term ‘soft x-ray’ means a photon with energy in the range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts. > > > ##### “(B) Upgrade > > The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facility Upgrades’, including the development of a multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region. > > > ##### “(C) Start of operations > > The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before September 30, 2029. > > > ##### “(D) Funding > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— > > > ###### “(i) > > $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; > > > ###### “(ii) > > $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024; > > > ###### “(iii) > > $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and > > > ###### “(iv) > > $1,400,000 for fiscal year 2026. > > > #### “(8) Linac coherent light source ii high energy upgrade > > > ##### “(A) Definitions > > In this paragraph: > > > ###### “(i) High energy > > The term ‘high energy’, with respect to an x-ray, means a photon with an energy in the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt range. > > > ###### “(ii) High repetition rate > > The term ‘high repetition rate’ means the delivery of x-ray pulses up to 1,000,000 pulses per second. > > > ###### “(iii) Ultra-short pulse > > The term ‘ultra-short pulse’, with respect to an x-ray, means that the x-ray has bursts capable of durations of less than 100 femtoseconds. > > > ##### “(B) Upgrade > > The Secretary shall— > > > ###### “(i) > > provide for the upgrade to the Linac Coherent Light Source II facility described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, entitled ‘Report on Facility Upgrades’, including the development of experimental capabilities for high energy x-rays to reveal fundamental scientific discoveries; and > > > ###### “(ii) > > ensure such upgrade enables the production and use of high energy, ultra-short pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition rate. > > > ##### “(C) Start of operations > > The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2026. > > > ##### “(D) Funding > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— > > > ###### “(i) > > $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; > > > ###### “(ii) > > $130,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; > > > ###### “(iii) > > $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and > > > ###### “(iv) > > $99,343,000 for fiscal year 2026. > > > #### “(9) Cryomodule repair and maintenance facility > > > ##### “(A) In general > > The Secretary shall provide for the construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance facility to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II and subsequent upgrades. > > > ##### “(B) Consultation required > > The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that the facility described in subparagraph

(A)has the capability to maintain, repair, and test superconducting radio frequency accelerator components. > > > ##### “(C) Funding > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this paragraph— > > > ###### “(i) > > $29,300,000 for fiscal year 2023; > > > ###### “(ii) > > $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; > > > ###### “(iii) > > $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and > > > ###### “(iv) > > $15,700,000 for fiscal year 2026. > > > #### “(10) Nanoscale science research center recapitalization project > > > ##### “(A) In general > > The Secretary shall provide for the recapitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research Centers, to include the upgrade of equipment at each Center supported by the Office of Science on the date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, to accelerate advances in the various fields of science including nanoscience, materials, chemistry, biology, and quantum information science. > > > ##### “(B) Funding > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the recapitalization under this paragraph— > > > ###### “(i) > > $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; and > > > ###### “(ii) > > $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024. > > > #### “(11) National synchrotron light source ii beamline buildout > > > ##### “(A) In general > > The Secretary shall provide for the development and construction of experimental stations to provide significant additional beamline and instrument capacity, complement the existing portfolio of beamlines, and complete the buildout of the National Synchrotron Light Source II. > > > ##### “(B) Start of operations > > Subject to the availability of appropriations, the Secretary— > > > ###### “(i) > > shall begin carrying out subparagraph

(A)not later than September 30, 2036; and > > > ###### “(ii) > > may begin carrying out subparagraph (A)— > > > ###### “(I) > > in calendar year 2033; or > > > ###### “(II) > > after the construction of individual beamlines is complete.” > ; and ####

(4)by adding at the end the following: > > ### “(h) Computational Materials and Chemical Sciences > > > #### “(1) In general > > The Director shall support a program of research and development for the application of advanced computing practices to foundational and emerging research problems in chemistry and materials science. Research activities shall include— > > > ##### “(A) > > chemical catalysis research and development; > > > ##### “(B) > > the use of large data sets to model materials phenomena, including through advanced characterization of materials, materials synthesis, processing, and innovative use of experimental and theoretical data; > > > ##### “(C) > > codesign of chemical system and chemistry modeling software with advanced computing systems and hardware technologies; and > > > ##### “(D) > > modeling of chemical processes, assemblies, and reactions such as molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry, including through novel computing methods. > > > #### “(2) Computational materials and chemical sciences centers > > > ##### “(A) In general > > In carrying out the activities authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall select and establish up to 6 computational materials and chemical sciences centers to— > > > ###### “(i) > > develop open-source, robust, and validated computational codes and user-friendly software, coupled with innovative use of experimental and theoretical data, to enable the design, discovery, and development of new materials and chemical systems; and > > > ###### “(ii) > > focus on overcoming challenges and maximizing the benefits of exascale and other high performance computing underpinned by accelerated node technologies. > > > ##### “(B) Selection > > The Director shall select centers under subparagraph

(A)on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Director shall consider applications from the National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities. > > > ##### “(C) Duration > > > ###### “(i) New centers > > A center selected under subparagraph

(A)shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of that center, subject to the availability of appropriations. > > > ###### “(ii) Existing centers > > A center already in existence on the date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act may continue to receive support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of that center. > > > ##### “(D) Renewal > > Upon the expiration of any period of support of a center under this subsection, the Director may renew support for the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years. > > > ### “(i) Materials Research Database > > > #### “(1) In general > > The Director shall support the development of a web-based platform to develop and provide access to a database of computed information on known and predicted materials properties and computational tools to accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design. > > > #### “(2) Program > > In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall— > > > ##### “(A) > > conduct cooperative research among National Laboratories, industry, academia, and other research institutions to advance understanding, prediction, and manipulation of materials and facilitate the design of novel materials; > > > ##### “(B) > > develop and maintain data infrastructure at user facilities that generate data to collect, analyze, label, and otherwise prepare the data for inclusion in the database; > > > ##### “(C) > > leverage existing high performance computing systems to conduct high throughput calculations, and develop computational and data mining algorithms for the prediction of material properties; > > > ##### “(D) > > strengthen the foundation for new technologies and advanced manufacturing; and > > > ##### “(E) > > drive the development of advanced materials for applications that span the Department’s missions in energy, environment, and national security. > > > #### “(3) Coordination > > In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall leverage programs and activities across the Department, including computational materials and chemical sciences centers established under subsection (h). > > > #### “(4) Funding > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under this subsection $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027. > > > ### “(j) Authorization of Appropriations > > Out of funds authorized to be appropriated to the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section— > > > #### “(1) > > $2,685,414,000 for fiscal year 2023; > > > #### “(2) > > $2,866,890,840 for fiscal year 2024; > > > #### “(3) > > $2,987,727,170 for fiscal year 2025; > > > #### “(4) > > $3,062,732,781 for fiscal year 2026; and > > > #### “(5) > > $3,080,067,167 for fiscal year 2027.” > . ###

(b)Artificial Photosynthesis Section 973 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16313) is amended— ####

(1)in subsection (b), by striking paragraph

(4)and inserting the following: > > #### “(4) Funds > > Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.” > ; and ####

(2)in subsection (c), by striking paragraph

(c)Electricity Storage Research Initiative Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16315) is amended— ####

(1)in subsection (a)— #####

(A)in paragraph (1)— ######

(i)in subparagraph (A)(ii), by striking “and” after the semicolon at the end; ######

(ii)in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and ######

(iii)by adding at the end the following: > > ##### “(C) > > to ensure the competitiveness of the United States in energy storage by fostering an ecosystem linking fundamental research and development to deployment of storage solutions while minimizing the environmental impacts of energy storage technologies.” > ; and #####

(B)in paragraph (2)— ######

(i)in subparagraph (A), by striking “and” after the semicolon at the end; ######

(ii)in subparagraph (B), by striking the period at the end and inserting “; and”; and ######

(iii)by adding at the end the following: > > ##### “(C) > > any other relevant office of the Department.” > ; ####

(2)in subsection (b), by striking paragraph

(4)and inserting the following: > > #### “(4) Funding > > Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.” > ; ####

(3)in subsection (c), by striking paragraph

(4)in subsection (d), by striking paragraph

(4)and inserting the following: > > #### “(4) Funding > > Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.” > . ###

(d)Foundational Nuclear Science ####

(1)In general The Director of the Office of Science shall support a program of research and development to bridge scientific barriers to, and expand theoretical and fundamental knowledge relevant to, understanding nuclear materials and matter for the benefit of commerce, medicine, and national security. ####

(2)Activities As part of the program described in paragraph (1)— #####

(A)the Director of the Office of Science shall support basic research to pursue distinct lines of scientific inquiry, including— ######

(i)research in nuclear materials science, including the application of advanced computing practices to foundational and emerging research areas in nuclear materials science and discovery, such as— ######

(I)the advanced characterization of materials; ######

(II)materials synthesis; ######

(III)processing; ######

(IV)the innovative use of experimental and theoretical data; and ######

(V)mechanical behavior in unique environments, including the effects of radiation; ######

(ii)electrochemistry research and associated techniques for processing nuclear materials; ######

(iii)the development of advanced instrumentation and nuclear data collection to inform the activities described in clauses

(i)and (ii); and ######

(iv)any other area of research, as determined by the Director of the Office of Science; and #####

(B)the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy shall consult with the Director of the Office of Science to support the direction of translational research, development, and validation of physical concepts developed under the program. ####

(3)Funding Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy to carry out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027. ###

(e)Carbon Materials Science Initiative ####

(1)Initiative #####

(A)In general The Director of the Office of Science (referred to in this subsection as the “Director”) shall establish a research initiative, to be known as the “Carbon Materials Science Initiative” (referred to in this subsection as the “Initiative”), to expand the fundamental knowledge of coal, coal-wastes, and carbon ore chemistry useful for understanding the conversion of carbon to material products. #####

(B)Coordination In carrying out programs and activities under the Initiative, the Director shall leverage expertise and resources from the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United States Geological Survey. #####

(C)Teams ######

(i)In general In carrying out the Initiative, the Director shall establish and organize activities among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, expertise from the National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and the private sector. ######

(ii)Goals The multidisciplinary teams described in clause

(i)shall pursue expedient, milestone-driven research goals established by the Director. ####

(2)Research program #####

(A)In general The Director shall carry out under the Initiative a program to support, and discover fundamental knowledge relevant to, carbon materials and carbon ore processing research. #####

(B)Activities As part of the program described in subparagraph (A), the Director shall, in coordination with the Assistant Secretary of Energy for Fossil Energy and Carbon Management, as appropriate, support research to pursue distinct lines of scientific inquiry, including— ######

(i)methods of extraction, processing, recycling, and utilization of the materials and valuable minerals contained in raw coal and coal-waste; ######

(ii)methods of improving performance, cost, and availability of materials for use in carbon capture systems; and ######

(iii)unconventional pathways and materials for conversion of carbon dioxide molecules, minerals, and materials. #####

(C)Review The Director shall periodically review activities carried out under the program described in subparagraph

(A)to evaluate the achievement of scientific objectives and research milestones. #####

(D)Coordination with existing programs and centers In carrying out the program described in subparagraph (A), the Director shall— ######

(i)ensure coordination and knowledge sharing with— ######

(I)the United States Geological Survey; and ######

(II)the programs and the Carbon Utilization Research Center established under section 969A of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16298a); and ######

(ii)avoid duplication of efforts to the maximum extent practicable. ####

(3)Carbon materials research centers #####

(A)In general In carrying out the activities authorized under paragraph (2), the Director shall establish 1 center in each of the 2 major coal-producing regions of the United States, each of which shall— ######

(i)be known as a “Carbon Materials Research Center” (referred to in this paragraph as a “Center”); and ######

(ii)focus on early stage research and development activities, including— ######

(I)developing and advancing methods of extracting, processing, or recycling carbon or other valuable materials or minerals from raw coal, coal-waste, or other solid carbon materials, for the development of new carbon-based materials; ######

(II)methods of improving the structural, physical, and chemical properties of carbon-based materials or other valuable materials from raw coal, coal-waste, or other solid carbon materials and their recyclability; ######

(III)overcoming the challenges and maximizing the benefits of commercially extracting, producing, or improving coal-derived carbon and resulting products; and ######

(IV)identifying novel pathways and materials for carbon storage and conversion into useful products. #####

(B)Selection The Director shall— ######

(i)select Centers under subparagraph

(A)on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis; and ######

(ii)consider applications from the National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities. #####

(C)Duration A Center shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of that Center, subject to the availability of appropriations. #####

(D)Renewal On the expiration of any period of support of a Center, the Director may renew support for that Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years. #####

(E)Existing facilities The Director shall— ######

(i)ensure that the research activities carried out by the Centers are not duplicative of existing efforts; and ######

(ii)if practicable, leverage existing user facilities and other capabilities of the Department of Energy to carry out the research objectives of the Centers. ###

(f)Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic Computational Science Initiative ####

(1)Initiative #####

(A)In general The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this subsection as the “Secretary”) shall establish a research initiative, to be known as the “Carbon Sequestration Research and Geologic Computational Science Initiative” (referred to in this subsection as the “Initiative”), to expand the fundamental knowledge, data collection, data analysis, and modeling of subsurface geology for the purpose of advancing carbon sequestration in geologic formations. #####

(B)Leveraging In carrying out programs and activities under the Initiative, the Secretary shall leverage expertise and resources from the Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management and the United States Geological Survey. #####

(C)Teams ######

(i)In general In carrying out the Initiative, the Secretary shall establish and organize activities among multidisciplinary teams to leverage, to the maximum extent practicable, expertise from the National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and the private sector. ######

(ii)Goals The multidisciplinary teams described in clause

(i)shall pursue aggressive, milestone-driven research goals established by the Secretary. #####

(D)Additional activities The Secretary may organize additional activities under this subsection through other organizational structures. ####

(2)Research program #####

(A)In general The Secretary shall carry out under the Initiative a program to support research needed for, and discover knowledge relevant to, the sequestration of carbon in geologic formations. #####

(B)Activities As part of the program described in subparagraph (A), the Director of the Office of Science shall support fundamental research to pursue distinct lines of scientific inquiry, including— ######

(i)gathering geologic data for pore space characterization, including improvements to geologic seismic imaging; ######

(ii)evaluating pore space quality, including evaluation of geologic samples, to determine appropriate sequestration zones for carbon; ######

(iii)testing carbon sequestration; ######

(iv)monitoring carbon migration in geologic formations; ######

(v)advancements in data analytics, including the analysis of seismic data, and computational science to improve the advanced computing, visualization, and imaging of geologic formations for the sequestration of carbon; and ######

(vi)predictive understanding of coupled processes in complex subsurface geologic systems for secure carbon storage. #####

(C)Review The Secretary shall periodically review activities carried out under the program described in subparagraph

(A)to evaluate achievement of scientific objectives and research milestones. ####

(3)Carbon storage research and geologic computational science centers #####

(A)In general In carrying out the activities authorized under paragraph (2), the Secretary shall select and establish not more than 2 carbon storage research and geologic computational science centers (referred to in this paragraph as a “Center”) to develop and advance improvements to data collection, analysis, and modeling of subsurface geology for the purpose of advancing carbon sequestration in geologic formations. #####

(B)Selection ######

(i)In general The Secretary shall— ######

(I)select Centers under subparagraph

(A)on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis; and ######

(II)to the maximum extent practicable, locate each Center in a geographically diverse region with established and ongoing geologic carbon sequestration research and demonstration. ######

(ii)Applications In selecting Centers under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall consider applications from institutions of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities. #####

(C)Duration ######

(i)New centers A Center established after the date of enactment of this Act shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of that Center, subject to the availability of appropriations. ######

(ii)Existing centers A Center already in existence on the date of enactment of this Act may continue to receive support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on that date of enactment. ######

(iii)Renewal On expiration of a period of support described in clause

(i)or (ii), the Secretary may renew support for the Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years. ####

(4)Coordination with existing programs and centers In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall— #####

(A)ensure coordination with— ######

(i)the United States Geological Survey; and ######

(ii)the programs established under section 963 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16293); and #####

(B)avoid duplication of efforts to the maximum extent practicable. ###

(g)Funding for Carbon Initiatives Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for basic energy sciences in a fiscal year, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under subsections

(e)and

(f)$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027.

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