Sec. 304. ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH

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## SEC. 304 ADVANCED SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING RESEARCH **[**[42 U.S.C. 18642](/us/usc/t42/s18642)**]** ###

(a)In General As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act (42 U.S.C. 7139), the Director shall carry out, in coordination with academia and relevant public and private sector entities, a research, development, and demonstration program— ####

(1)to steward applied mathematics, computational science, and computer science research relevant to the missions of the Department and the competitiveness of the United States; ####

(2)to develop modeling, simulation, and other computational tools relevant to other scientific disciplines and to the development of new energy technologies and other technologies; ####

(3)to advance computing and networking capabilities for data-driven discovery; and ####

(4)to develop advanced scientific computing hardware and software tools for science and engineering. ###

(b)American Super Computing Leadership ####

(1)Renaming of act #####

(A)In general Section 1 of the Department of Energy High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004 (15 U.S.C. 5501 note; Public Law 108-423) is amended by striking “Department of Energy High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004” and inserting “American Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017”. #####

(B)Conforming amendment Section 976(a)(1) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316(1)) is amended by striking “Department of Energy High-End Computing Revitalization Act of 2004” and inserting “American Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017”. ####

(2)Definitions Section 2 of the American Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541) is amended— #####

(A)by redesignating paragraphs

(2)through

(5)as paragraphs

(3)through (6), respectively; #####

(B)by striking paragraph

(1)and inserting the following: > > #### “(1) Department > > The term ‘Department’ means the Department of Energy. > > > #### “(2) Exascale computing > > The term ‘exascale computing’ means computing through the use of a computing machine that performs near or above 10 to the 18th power operations per second.” > ; and #####

(C)in paragraph

(6)(as redesignated by subparagraph (A)), by striking “, acting through the Director of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy”. ####

(3)Department of energy high-end computing research and development program Section 3 of the American Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5542) is amended— #####

(A)in subsection (a)(1), by striking “program” and inserting “coordinated program across the Department”; #####

(B)in subsection (b)(2), by striking “, which may” and all that follows through “architectures”; and #####

(C)by striking subsection

(d)and inserting the following: > > ### “(d) Exascale Computing Program > > > #### “(1) In general > > The Secretary shall conduct a research program (referred to in this subsection as the ‘Program’) for exascale computing, including the development of two or more exascale computing machine architectures, to promote the missions of the Department. > > > #### “(2) Execution > > > ##### “(A) In general > > In carrying out the Program, the Secretary shall— > > > ###### “(i) > > establish two or more National Laboratory partnerships with industry partners and institutions of higher education for the research and development of two or more exascale computing architectures across all applicable organizations of the Department; > > > ###### “(ii) > > conduct mission-related codesign activities in developing the exascale computing architectures under clause (i); > > > ###### “(iii) > > develop such advancements in hardware and software technology as are required to fully realize the potential of an exascale production system in addressing Department target applications and solving scientific problems involving predictive modeling and simulation and large scale data analytics and management; > > > ###### “(iv) > > explore the use of exascale computing technologies to advance a broad range of science and engineering; and > > > ###### “(v) > > provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for researchers in industries in the United States, institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and other Federal agencies to the exascale computing systems developed pursuant to clause (i). > > > ##### “(B) Selection of partners > > The Secretary shall select the partnerships with the computing facilities of the Department under subparagraph

(A)through a competitive, peer-review process. > > > #### “(3) Codesign and application development > > > ##### “(A) In general > > The Secretary shall— > > > ###### “(i) > > carry out the Program through an integration of applications, computer science, applied mathematics, and computer hardware architecture using the partnerships established pursuant to paragraph

(2)to ensure that, to the maximum extent practicable, two or more exascale computing machine architectures are capable of solving Department target applications and broader scientific problems, including predictive modeling and simulation and large scale data analytics and management; and > > > ###### “(ii) > > conduct outreach programs to increase the readiness for the use of such platforms by domestic industries, including manufacturers. > > > ##### “(B) Report > > The Secretary shall submit to Congress a report describing— > > > ###### “(i) > > how the integration under subparagraph

(A)is furthering application science data and computational workloads across application interests, including national security, material science, physical science, cybersecurity, biological science, the Materials Genome and BRAIN Initiatives of the President, advanced manufacturing, and the national electric grid; and > > > ###### “(ii) > > the roles and responsibilities of National Laboratories and industry, including the definition of the roles and responsibilities within the Department to ensure an integrated program across the Department. > > > #### “(4) Project review > > > ##### “(A) In general > > The exascale architectures developed pursuant to partnerships established pursuant to paragraph

(2)shall be reviewed through a project review process. > > > ##### “(B) Report > > Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on— > > > ###### “(i) > > the results of the review conducted under subparagraph (A); and > > > ###### “(ii) > > the coordination and management of the Program to ensure an integrated research program across the Department. > > > #### “(5) Annual reports > > At the time of the budget submission of the Department for each fiscal year, the Secretary, in consultation with the members of the partnerships established pursuant to paragraph (2), shall submit to Congress a report that describes funding for the Program as a whole by functional element of the Department and critical milestones.” > . ###

(c)High-Performance Computing and Networking Research ####

(1)Director The Director shall support research in high-performance computing and networking relevant to energy applications, including modeling, simulation, and advanced data analytics for basic and applied energy research programs carried out by the Secretary. ####

(2)Coordination The Under Secretary for Science shall ensure the coordination of the activities of the Department, including activities under this section, to determine and meet the computational and networking research and facility needs of the Office of Science and all other relevant energy technology and energy efficiency programs within the Department and with other Federal agencies as appropriate. ###

(d)Applied Mathematics and Software Development for High-end Computing Systems and Computer Sciences Research ####

(1)In general The Director shall carry out activities to develop, test, and support— #####

(A)mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for modeling complex systems relevant to the missions of the Department, including on advanced computing architectures; and #####

(B)tools, languages, programming environments, and operations for high-end computing systems (as defined in section 2 of the American Super Computing Leadership Act of 2017 (15 U.S.C. 5541)). ####

(2)Portfolio balance #####

(A)In general The Director shall maintain a balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific computing research and development program established under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 (42 U.S.C. 16316) that supports robust investment in— ######

(i)applied mathematical, computational, and computer sciences research needs relevant to the mission of the Department, including foundational areas that are critical to the advancement of energy sciences and technologies and new and emerging computing technologies; and ######

(ii)associated high-performance computing hardware and facilities. #####

(B)Exascale ecosystem sustainment ######

(i)Sense of congress It is the sense of Congress that the Exascale Computing Project has successfully created a broad ecosystem that provides shared software packages, novel evaluation systems, and applications relevant to the science and engineering requirements of the Department, and that such products must be maintained and improved in order that the full potential of the deployed systems can be continuously realized. ######

(ii)Sustainment The Secretary shall seek to sustain and evolve the ecosystem described in clause

(i)to ensure that the exascale software stack and other research software will continue to be maintained, hardened, and otherwise optimized for long-term use on exascale systems and beyond and reliable availability to the user community. ###

(e)Advanced Computing Program ####

(1)In general The Secretary shall establish a program to develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing systems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. In establishing this program, the Secretary shall— #####

(A)maintain foundational research programs in mathematical, computational, and computer sciences focused on new and emerging computing needs within the mission of the Department, including post-Moore’s law computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling and simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific machine learning, quantum computing, edge computing, extreme heterogeneity, including potential quantum accelerators, and distributed high-performance computing; #####

(B)retain best practices and maintain support for essential hardware, applications, and software elements of the Exascale Computing Program that are necessary for sustaining the vitality of a long-term capable software ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and #####

(C)develop a Department-wide strategy for balancing on-premises and cloud-based computing and scientific data management. ####

(2)Report Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on the development and implementation of the strategy described in paragraph (1). ###

(f)Guidance on Mitigation of Bias in High-performance Computing Capabilities In leveraging high-performance computing systems for research purposes, including through the use of machine learning algorithms for data analysis and artificial intelligence, the Secretary shall issue, and ensure adherence to, guidance for the Department, the National Laboratories, and users as to how those capabilities should be employed in a manner that mitigates and, to the maximum extent practicable, avoids harmful algorithmic bias. ###

(g)Architectural Research in Heterogeneous Computing Systems ####

(1)In general The Secretary shall carry out a program of research and development in heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to expand understanding of the potential for heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to deliver high performance, high efficiency computing for Department mission challenges. The program shall include research and development that explores the convergence of big data analytics, simulations, and artificial intelligence to drive the design of heterogeneous computing system architectures. ####

(2)Coordination In carrying out the program described in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure coordination between research activities undertaken by the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program and materials research supported by the Basic Energy Sciences program within the Office of Science. ###

(h)Energy Efficient Computing Program ####

(1)In general The Secretary shall support a program of fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy efficient computing and data center technologies relevant to advanced computing applications, including high-performance computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine learning. ####

(2)Execution #####

(A)Program In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— ######

(i)establish a partnership for National Laboratories, industry partners, and institutions of higher education for codesign of energy efficient hardware, technology, software, and applications across all applicable program offices of the Department, and provide access to energy efficient computing resources to such partners; ######

(ii)develop hardware and software technologies that decrease the energy needs of advanced computing practices, including through data center codesign; ######

(iii)consider multiple heterogeneous computing architectures in collaboration with the program established under subsection (g), including neuromorphic computing, persistent computing, and ultrafast networking; and ######

(iv)provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for researchers from institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, industry, and other Federal agencies to the energy efficient computing technologies developed pursuant to clause (i). #####

(B)Selection of partners In selecting participants for the partnership established under subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select participants through a competitive, merit review process. #####

(C)Report Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report on— ######

(i)the activities conducted under subparagraph (A); and ######

(ii)the coordination and management of the program under subparagraph

(A)to ensure an integrated research program across the Department. ###

(i)Energy Sciences Network ####

(1)In general The Secretary shall provide for upgrades to the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order to meet the research needs of the Department for highly reliable data transport capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-scale science. ####

(2)Capabilities In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities: #####

(A)To provide high bandwidth scientific networking across the continental United States and the Atlantic Ocean. #####

(B)To ensure network reliability. #####

(C)To protect the network infrastructure from cyberattacks. #####

(D)To manage transport of exponentially increasing levels of data from the Department’s National Laboratories and sites, user facilities, experiments, and sensors. #####

(E)To contribute to the integration of heterogeneous computing frameworks and systems. ###

(j)Computational Science Graduate Fellowship ####

(1)In general The Secretary shall support the Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to facilitate collaboration between graduate students and researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to the development of a diverse and inclusive computational workforce to help advance research in all areas of computational science relevant to the mission of the Department, including quantum computing. ####

(2)Funding Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for the Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out activities under this subsection— #####

(A)$15,750,000 for fiscal year 2023; #####

(B)$16,537,500 for fiscal year 2024; #####

(C)$17,364,375 for fiscal year 2025; #####

(D)$18,232,594 for fiscal year 2026; and #####

(E)$19,144,223 for fiscal year 2027. ###

(k)Authorization of Appropriations Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section— ####

(1)$1,126,950,000 for fiscal year 2023; ####

(2)$1,194,109,500 for fiscal year 2024; ####

(3)$1,265,275,695 for fiscal year 2025; ####

(4)$1,340,687,843 for fiscal year 2026; and ####

(5)$1,420,599,500 for fiscal year 2027.

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