Sec. 7209. HIGH-PRIORITY RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INITIATIVES
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## SEC. 7209 HIGH-PRIORITY RESEARCH AND EXTENSION INITIATIVES Section 1672 of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 (7 U.S.C. 5925) is amended— ####
(1)in subsection (d)— #####
(A)in paragraph (8)— ######
(i)in the heading, by striking “Alfalfa and forage” and inserting “Alfalfa seed and alfalfa forage systems”; ######
(ii)by striking “alfalfa and forage” and inserting “alfalfa seed and alfalfa forage systems”; and ######
(iii)by striking “alfalfa and other forages, and” and inserting “alfalfa seed and other alfalfa forage”; and #####
(B)by adding at the end the following new paragraphs: > > #### “(11) Macadamia tree health initiative > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of— > > > ##### “(A) > > developing and disseminating science-based tools and treatments to combat the macadamia felted coccid (*Eriococcus ironsidei*); and > > > ##### “(B) > > establishing an areawide integrated pest management program in areas affected by, or areas at risk of being affected by, the macadamia felted coccid. > > > #### “(12) National turfgrass research initiative > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of— > > > ##### “(A) > > carrying out or enhancing research related to turfgrass and sod issues; > > > ##### “(B) > > enhancing production and uses of turfgrass for the general public; > > > ##### “(C) > > identifying new turfgrass varieties with superior drought, heat, cold, and pest tolerance to reduce water, fertilizer, and pesticide use; > > > ##### “(D) > > selecting genetically superior turfgrasses and developing improved technologies for managing commercial, residential, and recreational turfgrass areas; > > > ##### “(E) > > producing turfgrasses that— > > > ###### “(i) > > aid in mitigating soil erosion; > > > ###### “(ii) > > protect against pollutant runoff into waterways; or > > > ###### “(iii) > > provide other environmental benefits; > > > ##### “(F) > > investigating, preserving, and protecting native plant species, including grasses not currently utilized in turfgrass systems; > > > ##### “(G) > > creating systems for more economical and viable turfgrass seed and sod production throughout the United States; and > > > ##### “(H) > > investigating the turfgrass phytobiome and developing biologic products to enhance soil, enrich plants, and mitigate pests. > > > #### “(13) Fertilizer management initiative > > > ##### “(A) In general > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purpose of carrying out research to improve fertilizer use efficiency in crops— > > > ###### “(i) > > to maximize crop yield; and > > > ###### “(ii) > > to minimize nutrient losses to surface and groundwater and the atmosphere. > > > ##### “(B) Priority > > In awarding grants under subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall give priority to research examining the impact of the source, rate, timing, and placement of plant nutrients. > > > #### “(14) Cattle fever tick program > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section to study cattle fever ticks— > > > ##### “(A) > > to facilitate the understanding of the role of wildlife in the persistence and spread of cattle fever ticks; > > > ##### “(B) > > to develop advanced methods for eradication of cattle fever ticks, including— > > > ###### “(i) > > alternative treatment methods for cattle and other susceptible species; > > > ###### “(ii) > > field treatment for premises, including corral pens and pasture loafing areas; > > > ###### “(iii) > > methods for treatment and control on infested wildlife; > > > ###### “(iv) > > biological control agents; and > > > ###### “(v) > > new and improved vaccines; > > > ##### “(C) > > to evaluate rangeland vegetation that impacts the survival of cattle fever ticks; > > > ##### “(D) > > to improve management of diseases relating to cattle fever ticks that are associated with wildlife, livestock, and human health; > > > ##### “(E) > > to improve diagnostic detection of tick-infested or infected animals and pastures; and > > > ##### “(F) > > to conduct outreach to impacted ranchers, hunters, and landowners to integrate tactics and document sustainability of best practices. > > > #### “(15) Laying hen and turkey research program > > Research grants may be made under this section for the purpose of improving the efficiency and sustainability of laying hen and turkey production through integrated, collaborative research and technology transfer. Emphasis may be placed on laying hen and turkey disease prevention, antimicrobial resistance, nutrition, gut health, and alternative housing systems under extreme seasonal weather conditions. > > > #### “(16) Chronic wasting disease > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of supporting research projects at land-grant colleges and universities (as defined in section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 (7 U.S.C. 3103)) with established deer research programs for the purposes of treating, mitigating, or eliminating chronic wasting disease. > > > #### “(17) Algae agriculture research program > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the development and testing of algae and algae systems (including micro- and macro-algae systems). > > > #### “(18) Nutrient management > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of examining nutrient management based on the source, rate, timing, and placement of crop nutrients. > > > #### “(19) Dryland farming agricultural systems > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of carrying out or enhancing research on the utilization of big data for more precise management of dryland farming agricultural systems. > > > #### “(20) Hop plant health initiative > > Research and extension grants may be made under this section for the purposes of developing and disseminating science-based tools and treatments to combat diseases of hops caused by the plant pathogens *Podosphaera macularis* and *Pseudoperonospora humuli*.” > ; ####
(2)in subsection (e)(5), by striking “2018” and inserting “2023”; ####
(3)in subsection (f)(5), by striking “2018” and inserting “2023”; ####
(4)in subsection (g)— #####
(A)in paragraphs (1)(B), (2)(B), and (3), by striking “2018” each place it appears and inserting “2023”; #####
(B)by redesignating paragraphs
(4)and
(5)as paragraphs
(5)and (6), respectively; and #####
(C)by inserting after paragraph
(3)the following new paragraph: > > #### “(4) Enhanced coordination of honeybee and pollinator research > > > ##### “(A) In general > > The Chief Scientist of the Department of Agriculture shall coordinate research, extension, education, and economic activities in the Department of Agriculture relating to native and managed pollinator health and habitat. > > > ##### “(B) Duties > > In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Chief Scientist shall— > > > ###### “(i) > > assign an individual to serve in the Office of the Chief Scientist as a Honeybee and Pollinator Research Coordinator who shall be responsible for leading the efforts of the Chief Scientist in carrying out such subparagraph; > > > ###### “(ii) > > implement and coordinate pollinator health research efforts of the Department, as recommended by the Pollinator Health Task Force; > > > ###### “(iii) > > establish annual strategic priorities and goals for the Department for native and managed pollinator research; > > > ###### “(iv) > > communicate such priorities and goals to each agency or office of the Department of Agriculture, the managed pollinator industry, and relevant grant recipients under programs administered by the Secretary; and > > > ###### “(v) > > coordinate and identify all research on native and managed pollinator health needed and conducted by the Department of Agriculture and relevant grant recipients under programs administered by the Secretary to ensure consistency and reduce unintended duplication of effort. > > > ##### “(C) Research > > In coordinating research activities under subparagraph (A), the Chief Scientist shall ensure that such research— > > > ###### “(i) > > identifies and addresses the multiple stressors on pollinator health, including pests and pathogens, reduced habitat, lack of nutritional resources, and exposure to pesticides; > > > ###### “(ii) > > evaluates stewardship and management practices of managed pollinators that would impact managed pollinator health; > > > ###### “(iii) > > documents the prevalence of major pests, such as *varroa destructor* (commonly referred to as the varroa mite), and diseases that are transported between States through practices involving managed pollinators; > > > ###### “(iv) > > evaluates the impact of overcrowding of colonies for pollination services and the impact of such overcrowding on pollinator health status and pollinator health recovery; > > > ###### “(v) > > evaluates and reports on the health differences of managed pollinators in— > > > ###### “(I) > > crops not requiring contract pollination; > > > ###### “(II) > > crops requiring contract pollination; and > > > ###### “(III) > > native habitat; > > > ###### “(vi) > > evaluates the impact of horticultural and agricultural pest management practices on native and managed pollinator colonies in diverse agroecosystems; > > > ###### “(vii) > > documents pesticide residues that are— > > > ###### “(I) > > found in native and managed pollinator colonies; and > > > ###### “(II) > > associated with typical localized commercial crop pest management practices; > > > ###### “(viii) > > with respect to native and managed pollinator colonies visiting crops for crop pollination or honey production purposes, documents— > > > ###### “(I) > > the strength and health of such colonies; > > > ###### “(II) > > the survival, growth, reproduction, and production of such colonies; > > > ###### “(III) > > pests, pathogens, and viruses that affect such colonies; > > > ###### “(IV) > > environmental conditions of such colonies; > > > ###### “(V) > > beekeeper practices; and > > > ###### “(VI) > > any other relevant information, as determined by the Chief Scientist; > > > ###### “(ix) > > documents, with respect to healthy populations of managed pollinators, best management practices and other practices for managed pollinators and crop managers; > > > ###### “(x) > > evaluates the effectiveness of— > > > ###### “(I) > > conservation practices that target the specific needs of native and managed pollinator habitats; > > > ###### “(II) > > incentives that allow for the expansion of native and managed pollinator forage acreage; and > > > ###### “(III) > > managed pollinator breeding practices and efforts to, with respect to managed pollinators, avoid creating a genetic bottleneck and improve genetic diversity; > > > ###### “(xi) > > in the case of commercially managed pollinator colonies, continues to gather data— > > > ###### “(I) > > on an annual basis with respect to losses of such colonies, splits of such colonies, and the total number of pollinator colonies; > > > ###### “(II) > > on rising input costs; and > > > ###### “(III) > > overall economic value to the food economy; and > > > ###### “(xii) > > addresses any other issue relating to native and managed pollinators, as determined by the Chief Scientist, in consultation with scientific experts. > > > ##### “(D) Publication > > The Chief Scientist, to the maximum extent practicable, shall— > > > ###### “(i) > > make publicly available the results of the research described in subparagraph (C); and > > > ###### “(ii) > > in the case of the research described in subparagraph (C)(vi), publish any data or reports that were produced by the Department of Agriculture but not made publicly available during the period beginning on January 1, 2008, and ending on the date of the enactment of the Agriculture Improvement Act of 2018.” > ; and ####
(5)in subsection (h), by striking “2018” and inserting “2023”.
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