Sec. 202. FINDINGS
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## SEC. 202 FINDINGS **[**[22 U.S.C. 2151b note](/us/usc/t22/s2151b)**]** Congress makes the following findings: ####
(1)Since the development of antibiotics in the 1950s, tuberculosis has been largely controlled in the United States and the Western World. ####
(2)Due to societal factors, including growing urban decay, inadequate health care systems, persistent poverty, overcrowding, and malnutrition, as well as medical factors, including the HIV/AIDS epidemic and the emergence of multi-drug resistant strains of tuberculosis, tuberculosis has again become a leading and growing cause of adult deaths in the developing world. ####
(3)According to the World Health Organization— #####
(A)in 1998, about 1,860,000 people worldwide died of tuberculosis-related illnesses; #####
(B)one-third of the world's total population is infected with tuberculosis; and #####
(C)tuberculosis is the world's leading killer of women between 15 and 44 years old and is a leading cause of children becoming orphans. ####
(4)Because of the ease of transmission of tuberculosis, its international persistence and growth pose a direct public health threat to those nations that had previously largely controlled the disease. This is complicated in the United States by the growth of the homeless population, the rate of incarceration, international travel, immigration, and HIV/AIDS. ####
(5)With nearly 40 percent of the tuberculosis cases in the United States attributable to foreign-born persons, tuberculosis will never be controlled in the United States until it is controlled abroad. ####
(6)The means exist to control tuberculosis through screening, diagnosis, treatment, patient compliance, monitoring, and ongoing review of outcomes. ####
(7)Efforts to control tuberculosis are complicated by several barriers, including— #####
(A)the labor intensive and lengthy process involved in screening, detecting, and treating the disease; #####
(B)a lack of funding, trained personnel, and medicine in virtually every nation with a high rate of the disease; #####
(C)the unique circumstances in each country, which requires the development and implementation of country-specific programs; and #####
(D)the risk of having a bad tuberculosis program, which is worse than having no tuberculosis program because it would significantly increase the risk of the development of more widespread drug-resistant strains of the disease. ####
(8)Eliminating the barriers to the international control of tuberculosis through a well-structured, comprehensive, and coordinated worldwide effort would be a significant step in dealing with the increasing public health problem posed by the disease.
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