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Code · REGISTER · 2002-02-01 · PROPOSED RULES · Unknown

Unknown. Final rule

5,844 words·~27 min read·/register/2002/02/01/02-2492

A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.

--- schema: federal-register doc_type: fedreg source_file: FR-2002-02-01.xml --- 67 22 Friday, February 1, 2002 Contents Agricultural Agricultural Marketing Service PROPOSED RULES Tobacco inspection: Mandatory grading; producer referenda, 4926-4927 02-2403 Agriculture Agriculture Department See Agricultural Marketing Service See Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service See Rural Telephone Bank Animal Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service RULES Importation and exportation of animals and animal products:
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy; disease status change— Slovakia and Slovenia, 4877-4878 02-2494 Plant-related quarantine; foreign: Unshu oranges from Japan, 4873-4877 02-2492 PROPOSED RULES Exportation and importation of animals and animal products: Rinderpest and foot-and-mouth disease; disease status change— Estonia, 4927-4930 02-2493 Architectural Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board NOTICES Meetings: Public Rights-of-Way Access Advisory Committee, 4943 02-2520 Blind Blind or Severely Disabled, Committee for Purchase From People Who Are See Committee for Purchase From People Who Are Blind or Severely Disabled Centers Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services NOTICES Agency information collection activities:
Proposed collection; comment request, 4982-4985 02-2442 02-2443 02-2444 02-2445 02-2446 02-2452 02-2453 Submission for OMB review; comment request, 4985-4988 02-2441 02-2447 02-2448 02-2449 02-2450 02-2451 02-2454 Coast Guard Coast Guard RULES Drawbridge operations: Iowa and Illinois, 4909 02-2545 Ports and waterways safety: St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands; security zone, 4911-4913 02-2543 St. Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands; security zones, 4909-4911 02-2546 NOTICES Bridges: Vancouver, WA;
Vancouver Railroad Bridge across Columbia River; hearing, 5032-5033 02-2544 Commerce Commerce Department See International Trade Administration See National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Committee for Purchase Committee for Purchase From People Who Are Blind or Severely Disabled NOTICES Agency information collection activities: Proposed collection; comment request, 4944 02-2518 Procurement list; additions and deletions, 4944, 4945 02-2516 02-2517 Copyright Copyright Office, Library of Congress NOTICES Copyright Arbitration Royalty Panels; list of arbitrators, 5000-5001 02-2519 Customs Customs Service PROPOSED RULES Border Release Advanced Screening and Selectivity (BRASS) Program; procedures, 4930-4938 02-2466 Defense Defense Department NOTICES Agency information collection activities:
Proposed collection; comment request, 02-2471 4948-4949 02-2472 Submission for OMB review; comment request, 4949 02-2469 02-2470 Education Education Department NOTICES Grants and cooperative agreements; availability, etc.: Elementary and secondary education— High School Equivalency Program and College Assistance Migrant Program, 4949-4950 02-2485 Postsecondary education: Accrediting agencies and State approval agencies for vocational and nurse education institutions; national recognition; comment request, 4950-4952 02-2440 Employment Employment Standards Administration NOTICES Agency information collection activities:
Proposed collection; comment request; correction, 4999 02-2496 Minimum wages for Federal and federally-assisted construction; general wage determination decisions, 4999-5000 02-2225 Energy Energy Department See Federal Energy Regulatory Commission NOTICES Grants and cooperative agreements; availability, etc.: Locomotive emissions reduction and efficiency improvements; research and development, 4952 02-2484 EPA Environmental Protection Agency RULES Pesticides; tolerances in food, animal feeds, and raw agricultural commodities:
Bifenazate, 4913-4922 02-2612 NOTICES Agency information collection activities: Proposed collection; comment request, 4957 02-2510 Environmental statements; availability, etc.: Agency statements— Comment availability, 4957-4958 02-2523 Weekly receipts, 4959 02-2524 Meetings: Environmental Laboratory Advisory Board, 4959-4960 02-2511 Executive Executive Office of the President See Presidential Documents Federal Accounting Federal Accounting Standards Advisory Board NOTICES Meetings, 4960 02-2527 FAA Federal Aviation Administration RULES Airworthiness directives:
Bell, 4878-4895 02-2422 Eurocopter France, 4895-4898 02-2423 02-2425 Class E airspace, 4898-4899 02-2539 NOTICES Advisory circulars; availability, etc.: Ice contaminated tailplane stall, 5033 02-2537 Exemption petitions; summary and disposition, 5033, 5034 02-2541 02-2542 Reports and guidance documents; availability, etc.: Designated Alteration Station activities, 5034 02-2540 FCC Federal Communications Commission PROPOSED RULES Digital television stations; table of assignments:
Kansas, 4941 02-2438 Radio stations; table of assignments: Alabama, 4941 02-2437 NOTICES Agency information collection activities: Proposed collection; comment request, 4960, 4961 02-2463 02-2464 Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, 4961-4962 02-2465 FDIC Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation NOTICES Meetings; Sunshine Act, 4962 02-2585 Federal Energy Federal Energy Regulatory Commission NOTICES *Applications, hearings, determinations, etc.:* ANR Pipeline Co., 02-2477 4952-4953 02-2480 Columbia Gulf Transmission Co., 4953 02-2475 Enbridge Pipelines (Midla) Inc., 4953-4954 02-2473 Midwestern Gas Transmission Co., 4954 02-2481 Reliant Energy Gas Transmission Co., 4954-4955 02-2482 Transcontinental Gas Pipe Line Corp., 4955 02-2478 Williams Field Services-Matagorda Offshore Co., LLC, 4955-4956 02-2474 Williston Basin Interstate Pipeline Co., 4956 02-2479 Wyoming Interstate Co., Ltd., 4956 02-2476 Federal Register Federal Register Office NOTICES Public Laws; cumulative list: 107th Congress;
First Session, 5037-5040 Federal Reserve Federal Reserve System NOTICES Banks and bank holding companies: Change in bank control, 4962 02-2433 Formations, acquisitions, and mergers, 4962-4963 02-2432 02-2526 FTC Federal Trade Commission RULES Textile Fiber Products Identification Act: Natureworks PLA; new generic fiber name and definition, 4901-4904 02-2434 NOTICES Prohibited trade practices: Ely Lilly & Co., 4963-4964 02-2435 Financial Financial Management Service See Fiscal Service Fiscal Fiscal Service NOTICES Surety companies and reinsuring companies; application and renewal fees, 5035 02-2502 Fish Fish and Wildlife Service PROPOSED RULES Rulemaking documents; opportunity to resubmit comments due to interruption of mail service, 4940 02-1917 NOTICES Comprehensive conservation plans; availability, etc.:
Great Dismal Swamp National Wildlife Refuge, VA and NC, 4993 02-2088 Interruption of mail service; opportunity to resubmit comments, 4992-4993 02-2468 Meetings: Klamath River Basin Fisheries Task Force, 4994 02-2457 Food Food and Drug Administration RULES Human drugs: Prescription drugs; labeling requirements, 4904-4907 02-2548 NOTICES Meetings: Best practices for reducing transfusion errors; public workshop, 4988-4989 02-2550 GSA General Services Administration RULES Federal travel:
Relocation income tax allowance tax tables, 4923-4925 02-2431 Health Health and Human Services Department See Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services See Food and Drug Administration See Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration NOTICES Federal claims; interest rates on overdue debts, 4965 02-2455 Meetings: Bioethics, President's Council, 4965 02-2430 Privacy Act: Systems of records, 4965-4967 02-2456 Reports and guidance documents; availability, etc.: Limited English proficient persons;
Civil Rights Act Title VI prohibition against national origin discrimination; policy guidance, 4968-4982 02-2467 Housing Housing and Urban Development Department NOTICES Grants and cooperative agreements; availability, etc.: Facilities to assist homeless— Excess and surplus Federal property, 4990-4992 02-2178 Immigration Immigration and Naturalization Service NOTICES Temporary protected status program designations: Angola, 4997-4999 02-2528 Interior Interior Department See Fish and Wildlife Service See Land Management Bureau See National Park Service NOTICES Interruption of mail service; opportunity to resubmit comments, 4992-4993 02-2468 IRS Internal Revenue Service RULES Income taxes:
Disqualified person; definition, 4907-4909 02-2532 PROPOSED RULES Procedure and administration: Agent for certain purposes; definition, 4938-4939 02-2533 NOTICES Agency information collection activities: Proposed collection; comment request, 5035-5036 02-2534 02-2535 International International Trade Administration NOTICES Antidumping and countervailing duties: Administrative review requests, 4945-4947 02-2525 International International Trade Commission NOTICES Import investigations:
Individually quick frozen red raspberries from— Chile, 4994-4995 02-2461 Polyethylene terephthalate film, sheet, and strip from— India and Taiwan, 4995-4997 02-2460 Justice Justice Department See Immigration and Naturalization Service Labor Labor Department See Employment Standards Administration Land Land Management Bureau PROPOSED RULES Rulemaking documents; opportunity to resubmit comments due to interruption of mail service, 4940 02-1917 NOTICES Interruption of mail service; opportunity to resubmit comments, 4992-4993 02-2468 Library Library of Congress See Copyright Office, Library of Congress NASA National Aeronautics and Space Administration NOTICES Meetings:
Advisory Council Space Science Advisory Committee, 5001 02-2536 NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOTICES Meetings: Mid-Atlantic Fishery Management Council, 4947 02-2530 Pacific Fishery Management Council, 4947 02-2529 National Park National Park Service NOTICES Meetings: Acadia National Park Advisory Commission, 4994 02-2483 Nuclear Nuclear Regulatory Commission NOTICES Decommissioning plans; sites: West Valley Demonstration Project and Site, NY, 5003-5012 02-2373 Environmental statements; availability, etc.:
Florida Power & Light Co., 5012-5013 02-2497 Meetings: Medical Uses of Isotopes Advisory Committee, 5013 02-2501 *Applications, hearings, determinations, etc.:* AmerGen Energy Co., LLC, 5001-5002 02-2499 Exelon Generation Co., LLC, 5002-5003 02-2498 Tennessee Valley Authority, 5003 02-2500 Presidential Presidential Documents EXECUTIVE ORDERS Government agencies and employees: USA Freedom Corps; establishment (EO 13254), 4869-4871 02-2638 Public Public Debt Bureau See Fiscal Service Public Public Health Service See Food and Drug Administration See Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Research Research and Special Programs Administration PROPOSED RULES Hazardous materials:
Hazardous materials transportation— Cargo tank motor vehicles; construction and maintenance requirements; correction, 4941-4942 02-2515 Rural Rural Telephone Bank NOTICES Meetings; Sunshine Act, 4943 02-2605 SEC Securities and Exchange Commission NOTICES Investment Company Act of 1940: Exemption applications— Memorial Funds et al., 5013-5015 02-2458 Self-regulatory organizations; proposed rule changes: American Stock Exchange LLC, 5015-5016 02-2459 Chicago Board Options Exchange, Inc., 5016-5018 02-2489 International Securities Exchange LLC, 5018-5019 02-2488 National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc., 5019-5023 02-2486 02-2491 New York Stock Exchange, Inc., 5024-5027 02-2487 Philadelphia Stock Exchange, Inc., 5027-5029 02-2490 Social Social Security Administration NOTICES Agency information collection activities:
Reporting and recordkeeping requirements; proposed collection, comment request; and submission for OMB review, comment request, 5029-5031 02-2429 State State Department NOTICES Art objects; importation for exhibition: Central European Avant-Gardes: Exchange and Transformation (1910-1930), 5031 02-2606 Tapestry in the Renaissance: Art and Magnificence, 5031-5032 02-2547 Substance Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration NOTICES Federal agency urine drug testing; certified laboratories meeting minimum standards, list, 4989-4990 02-2315 Surface Surface Transportation Board NOTICES Rail carriers:
Cost recovery procedures— Productivity adjustment, 5034-5035 02-2521 TVA Tennessee Valley Authority NOTICES Agency information collection activities: Proposed collection; comment request, 5032 02-2462 Transportation Transportation Department See Coast Guard See Federal Aviation Administration See Research and Special Programs Administration See Surface Transportation Board RULES Procedural regulations: Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act; air carriers compensation procedures, 4899-4901 02-2652 Treasury Treasury Department See Customs Service See Fiscal Service See Internal Revenue Service Veterans Veterans Affairs Department PROPOSED RULES Board of Veterans Appeals:
Appeals regulations and rules of practice— Appeal withdrawal procedures; restriction removed, plus clarification, 4939-4940 02-2428 Separate Parts In This Issue Part II Reader Aids, Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration, 5037-5040 Reader Aids Consult the Reader Aids section at the end of this issue for phone numbers, online resources, finding aids, reminders, and notice of recently enacted public laws. To subscribe to the Federal Register Table of Contents LISTSERV electronic mailing list, go to http://listserv.access.gpo.gov and select Online mailing list archives, FEDREGTOC-L, Join or leave the list (or change settings); then follow the instructions. 67 22 Friday, February 1, 2002 Rules and Regulations DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service 7 CFR Part 319 [Docket No. 99-099-2] RIN 0579-AB17 Importation of Unshu Oranges From Japan AGENCY:
Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, USDA. ACTION: Final rule. SUMMARY: We are amending the regulations governing the importation of citrus fruit to allow, under certain conditions, Unshu oranges grown on Kyushu Island, Japan, to be imported into non-citrus-producing areas of the United States. We are also amending the regulations for importing Unshu oranges from Honshu Island, Japan, by requiring fumigation using methyl bromide prior to exportation and by allowing the fruit to be distributed to additional areas in the United States, including citrus-producing areas.
In addition, we are removing the requirement for individually wrapping Unshu oranges imported from Japan or the Republic of Korea. These actions would relieve restrictions on the importation into and distribution within the United States of Unshu oranges without presenting a significant risk of introducing citrus canker or other diseases or pests of plants. EFFECTIVE DATE: January 28, 2002. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Dr. Inder P. Gadh, Import Specialist, Phytosanitary Issues Management Team, PPQ, APHIS, 4700 River Road Unit 140, Riverdale, MD 20737-1236;
(301)734-6799. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Background Citrus canker is a disease that affects citrus and is caused by the infectious bacterium *Xanthomonas campestris* pv. *citri* (Hasse) Dye. The strain of citrus canker that occurs in Japan infects twigs, leaves, and fruit in a wide spectrum of citrus species. Currently, the regulations in 7 CFR 319.28 (referred to below as the regulations) prohibit the importation of citrus from Eastern and Southeastern Asia, Japan, Brazil, Paraguay, and other designated areas, with certain exceptions. One exception is for Unshu oranges ( *Citrus reticulata* Blanco var. *unshu,* also known as Satsuma) grown in citrus-canker-free areas of Japan or on Cheju Island, Republic of Korea. After meeting certain growing, packing, and inspection requirements, Unshu oranges may be imported from these areas of Japan and Korea into any area of the United States except American Samoa, Arizona, California, Florida, Louisiana, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Texas, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. Also, under the regulations in 7 CFR 301.11, the interstate movement of Unshu oranges is prohibited from any State or area into which they may be imported into or through any State or area where importation is prohibited under § 319.28. Unshu oranges eligible for importation into the United States are grown under a system of safeguards in citrus-canker-free areas in Japan and Korea. Unshu oranges are known to be resistant to citrus canker, and the system of safeguards established in the regulations for Unshu oranges approximately 30 years ago has proven effective, as evidenced by the record of citrus-canker-free imports. On April 18, 2001, we published in the **Federal Register** (66 FR 19892-19898, Docket No. 99-099-1) a proposed rule to amend regulations governing the importation of citrus fruit to allow, under certain conditions, Unshu oranges grown on Kyushu Island, Japan, to be imported into non-citrus-producing areas of the United States. We also proposed to amend the regulations for importing Unshu oranges from Honshu Island, Japan, by requiring fumigation using methyl bromide prior to exportation and by allowing the fruit to be distributed to additional areas in the United States, including citrus-producing areas. Finally, we proposed to remove the requirement for individually wrapping Unshu oranges imported from Japan or the Republic of Korea. We solicited comments concerning our proposal for 60 days ending June 18, 2001. We received five comments by that date. These comments were from State agricultural agencies, a citrus growers cooperative, and a university. All of the commenters raised specific concerns regarding the proposed rule. Those concerns are discussed below by topic. Two commenters opposed allowing Unshu oranges from Japan to enter citrus-producing areas of the United States under any conditions due to the risk of citrus canker. One of the commenters argued that fruit treatments and growing area inspections have not been conclusively proven to eliminate that risk. We believe that the risk of citrus canker being introduced into citrus-producing areas via imported Unshu oranges is almost nonexistent. The pest risk assessment estimated that the probability of the citrus canker bacterium ( *Xanthomonas campestris* pv. *citri* ) from imported Unshu orange fruits coming in contact with and infecting a suitable host material and establishing was nearly zero. The published literature indicates that no authenticated outbreak of citrus canker has ever been traced back to the importation of infected fruit. In addition, the Unshu oranges are known for their resistance to the disease. Three commenters opposed removing the requirement to wrap individual oranges, especially given some Unshu oranges from Japan would be allowed into citrus-producing areas and others would not. These commenters argued that once cartons are opened and fruit distributed, it would be difficult to identify the origin of individual oranges. As we noted in the proposed rule, we will continue to require that each box containing fruit will have to be clearly marked with the States into which the fruit may be imported, and from which they are prohibited removal under a Federal plant quarantine. Our experience has shown that Unshu oranges are marketed and retailed by the box. We do not think that wrapping of individual fruits with tissue paper provides additional phytosanitary security; any importers engaged in swapping boxes to misrepresent the origin (i.e., Kyushu-grown oranges in Honshu boxes) could also engage in swapping or fabricating wrapping papers. Three commenters suggested that methyl bromide fumigation should be required for all Unshu oranges entering the United States from Japan, not just for Unshu oranges grown on Honshu. One of these commenters argued that three mealybugs identified in the pest risk assessment ( *Planococcus kraunhiae, P. lilacinus,* and *Pseudococcus cryptus* ) have a relatively wide host range and could move from imported Unshu oranges to other host material and become established in the United States. APHIS' fumigation requirement for the oranges grown on Honshu is an additional protective measure imposed because the Honshu-grown fruit can be distributed in U.S. citrus-producing areas. Because the distribution of Kyushu-grown fruit will be limited to non-citrus-producing areas, we believe that the existing safeguards will be sufficient. During the required inspections by APHIS personnel in Japan and at the U.S. port of entry, APHIS inspectors specifically target mealybugs; any shipments of Unshu oranges from Kyushu or Honshu found to be infested with mealybugs (or any other quarantine significant pest) will be prohibited entry into the United States. Two commenters suggested that APHIS should update the 1995 pest risk assessment “Importation of Japanese Unshu Orange Fruit into Citrus Producing States,” given the age of the document and the fact that Japan's work plan for the Unshu orange program does not refer to some of the pests identified as quarantine significant (e.g., the citrus fruit fly) in the pest risk assessment. We believe that the 1995 risk assessment is still applicable, given that no incidence of citrus canker or finding of a new pest of concern in the Japanese production areas has been reported or recorded since the assessment was prepared. With regard to Japan's work plan, it has not been necessary for that document to address the citrus fruit fly because that pest is not known to occur on Honshu, which has been the only area from which Unshu oranges could be imported into the United States. We will work with Japanese officials to ensure that the programmatic changes resulting from this rule are reflected in an updated work plan. Two commenters suggested that the risks presented by citrus canker and citrus greening would require that minimal acceptable growing and domestic movement standards within Japan be the same as those imposed on Florida for movement of commercial citrus. Citrus greening disease and its vector, *Diaphorina citri,* are reported as occurring only in the Ryuku Archipelago in Japan and have not been reported on Honshu or Kyushu. While *D. citri* was detected in southeastern Florida in June 1998—the only reported detection of the pest in the United States—populations of the pest are being controlled through a classical biological control program, according to a pest alert prepared by the University of Florida and the Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry. Further, *D. citri* breeds exclusively on young flush and feeds on leaves and shoots of citrus, and the citrus greening bacterium is phloem restricted, making the fruit an unlikely pathway for the vector or the disease. With regard to citrus canker, we have noted in this document and elsewhere that Unshu oranges themselves are highly resistant to citrus canker and the required growing conditions in Japan all but eliminate the risk of citrus canker being introduced via Unshu oranges from Japan. Therefore, for the reasons given in the proposed rule and in this document, we are adopting the proposed rule as a final rule, without change. Effective Date This is a substantive rule that relieves restrictions and, pursuant to the provisions of 5 U.S.C. 553, may be made effective less than 30 days after publication in the **Federal Register** . Immediate implementation of this rule is necessary to provide relief to those persons who are adversely affected by restrictions we no longer find warranted. The shipping season for Unshu oranges from Japan is in progress. Making this rule effective immediately will allow interested producers and others in the marketing chain to benefit during this year's shipping season. Therefore, the Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service has determined that this rule should be effective upon signature. Executive Order 12866 and Regulatory Flexibility Act This final rule has been reviewed under Executive Order 12866. The rule has been determined to be not significant for the purposes of Executive Order 12866 and, therefore, has not been reviewed by the Office of Management and Budget. The economic analysis for the changes in this document is set forth below. It provides a cost-benefit analysis as required by Executive Order 12866 and an analysis of the potential economic effects on small entities as required by the Regulatory Flexibility Act. In the data used to prepare this analysis, the terms “tangerine” and “mandarin” are generally interchangeable. Both refer to varieties of *Citrus reticulata* . For example, National Agricultural Statistics Service
(NASS)production data are aggregated under “tangerine,” while Census Bureau trade data use the term “mandarin.” Because of its familiarity, we use only the term “tangerine” in this analysis. Unshu oranges ( *Citrus reticulata* var. *unshu* ) are a variety of tangerine currently allowed to be imported into the United States from citrus canker-free production areas of Japan and Korea. They may be imported into any part of the United States except for commercial citrus-producing areas. This rule amends the provisions regarding the importation of Unshu oranges from Honshu Island, where all such shipments from Japan originated prior to this rule, and allow importations from four prefectures on Kyushu Island. Unshu oranges imported from Honshu Island will no longer be prohibited from being distributed in five citrus-producing States (Arizona, California, Florida, Louisiana, and Texas), and postharvest treatment with methyl bromide will be mandatory. Unshu oranges from Kyushu Island will be prohibited from being distributed in those five citrus-producing States, American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, and methyl bromide treatment will not be mandatory. This rule also removes the requirement that imported Unshu oranges be individually wrapped, regardless of whether they come from Japan or Korea. Because Unshu oranges are not grown in the United States, entities that might be affected by this rule will be producers of other tangerine varieties, assuming Unshu oranges can be considered a substitute fruit. Annual receipts of $750,000 or less is the small-entity criterion set by the Small Business Administration for establishments primarily engaged in the production of citrus fruits. Most tangerine producers in the United States are small entities. Although the *1997 Census of Agriculture* excluded information on California's “honey tangerine” growers to avoid disclosing data for individual farms, the information that is available for “other tangerine” growers in California and other States indicates that most operations are small. Quantities of Unshu oranges imported from Japan and Korea between 1994 and 1999 are shown in Table 1. Unshu orange imports from Japan between 1994 and 1999 averaged 240 metric tons per year. Table 1—Unshu Orange Imports by the United States From Japan and Korea [In metric tons] Year Japan Korea Total 1994 324 324 1995 232 43 275 1996 165 214 379 1997 144 887 1,031 1998 224 31 255 1999 349 377 726 Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Japan. Japan's Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries is unable to project future Unshu orange exports to the United States that may result from this final rule. For the purposes of this analysis, therefore, we estimated that the level of imports would be double the 1994-1999 average, i.e., 480 metric tons per year. Adding to this amount the average of yearly imports from Korea shown in Table 1, namely, 310 metric tons, would mean 790 metric tons of Unshu oranges imported annually. The estimated increase in imports from Japan may be too high, but we do not have information that would allow a more factually based projection. A high estimate of the potential increase in Japan's Unshu orange exports to the United States lends confidence to our conclusion regarding the potential economic effect on U.S. tangerine producers. U.S. tangerine production, imports, and domestic supplies are shown in Table 2. U.S. net imports were less than 4 percent of the domestic supply in 1997-98. In addition, as Table 2 shows, the United States shifted from being a net exporter from 1994 through 1996 to being a net importer of tangerines beginning in 1996, reflecting increased demand for imported varieties. Annual exports from 1994 through 1998 were fairly constant at about 33,400 metric tons. Imports, however, increased sharply, from about 20,000 metric tons in 1994-95, to about 42,800 metric tons in 1997-98. Table 2—U.S. Fresh Tangerine Production and Importation [In metric tons] Year U.S. production 1 Net imports 2 Domestic supply 3 1994-95 190,046 −13,794 176,251 1995-96 220,985 −9,477 211,508 1996-97 255,020 1,742 256,762 1997-98 220,878 8,848 229,726 1 Excludes processed fruit. Source: Production data from NASS, *Agricultural Statistics,* Tables 5-23 and 5-24. 2 “Net imports” are imports minus exports. Calendar year data arranged to correspond to NASS cross-year production data. Net import data source: *World Trade Atlas,* Global Trade Information Services, Inc., based on data from U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census. 3 U.S. production (excluding processed fruit) plus net imports. Comparing Unshu orange imports shown in Table 1 with U.S. tangerine supplies shown in Table 2, it is apparent that Unshu orange imports comprise a small portion of total supply. From 1994-95 to 1997-98, they averaged only 0.23 percent of U.S. tangerine supply, and when only the fruit imported from Japan is considered, 0.11 percent. The hypothesized import level, 790 metric tons a year, represents only 0.36 percent of the average annual tangerine domestic supply over this 4-year period. This very small percentage suggests that any effect of Unshu orange imports, as a substitute fruit, on the sales and prices of other tangerine varieties as a whole would not be significant. One seedless variety that is similar to the Unshu orange is the Satsuma. In the United States, it is commercially grown only in California, where there were 1,368 acres of bearing and 753 acres of nonbearing (young) trees as of May 1999, according to the California Department of Food and Agriculture. Satsuma production statistics are not recorded at the national or State level. Nearly all commercial production takes place in Fresno, Kern, and Tulare Counties, CA. Of these, only Fresno County maintains information specific to Satsumas. In 1997-98, there were 2,332 metric tons of Satsuma produced on 470 acres in Fresno County. Based on those production levels, we estimate that the entire area of California planted with Satsuma annually produces 6,785 metric tons of fruit and could potentially produce 10,520 metric tons of fruit. The hypothesized quantity of Unshu orange imports, 790 metric tons, represents 11.6 and 7.5 percent, respectively, of the estimated California Satsuma production levels (i.e., the estimated annual production and estimated potential production levels). Direct access to California markets will allow Unshu orange imports from Honshu Island to compete more directly for California's Satsuma consumers. However, prices of the two varieties are not competitive. Wholesale prices for Satsuma in 1997-98 were about 40 to 50 cents per pound. Wholesale prices for Unshu oranges for the past 6 to 7 years have been around $1.40 to $1.50 per pound ($45 to $48 per 32-pound container). One company has been the sole importer of Unshu oranges from Japan for more than 10 years. Information from the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, shows that the average price of all tangerines imported by the United States from 1994 to 1998 was more in line with Satsuma prices, at about 47 cents per pound. A price difference of this magnitude implies distinct markets; it is highly unlikely that Satsuma customers will be willing to pay a threefold premium for a substitute variety. There may be latent demand for Unshu oranges in the United States, but the extent to which this demand draws away consumers of Satsuma and other domestic tangerine varieties is expected to be marginal. More likely, Unshu orange sales in citrus-producing States and elsewhere will be to an expanding base of niche customers willing to pay the premium price for Unshu oranges. The effect on the demand for other *Citrus reticulata* varieties from increased levels of Unshu orange imports is expected to be negligible. Even when the analysis focuses more narrowly on a similar tangerine variety, the Satsuma, the higher prices paid for Unshu oranges strongly indicate a distinct market, with any effect on Satsuma sales likely to be insignificant. An increase in the importation of Unshu oranges is expected, given the addition of Unshu oranges grown on Kyushu Island and the opportunity for Unshu oranges from Honshu Island to be marketed in U.S. citrus-producing States. The requirement that shipments from Honshu Island be fumigated using methyl bromide will not affect the volume of Unshu oranges exported, since all shipments from that island are already fumigated voluntarily. Whether the fruit continues to be wrapped after individual fruit wrappers are no longer required will probably be determined largely by customer preference. As explained, increases in the quantity of Unshu oranges imported from Japan are not expected to have a significant economic effect on U.S. tangerine producers, whether the producer is a small or large entity. Cost-Benefit Analysis and Analysis of Alternatives Economic effects on U.S. producers and consumers resulting from this rule are expected to be insignificant. As described, projected Unshu orange imports represent about one-third of 1 percent of domestic tangerine supply. This small amount is unlikely to affect the demand for other tangerines, especially given that Unshu orange prices are triple those of other tangerines. U.S. retailers and consumers of Unshu oranges will benefit, particularly those in citrus-producing States that currently do not have direct access to them. Alternatives to this rule would be to either maintain existing import regulations or propose restrictions different from those set forth here. The risk assessment supports neither alternative. Japanese sources and U.S. destinations can be expanded without jeopardizing the U.S. citrus industry. The economic effect will be positive, but very minor. Under these circumstances, the Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service has determined that this action would not have a significant economic impact on a substantial number of small entities. Executive Order 12988 This final rule allows Unshu oranges to be imported into the United States from Japan. State and local laws and regulations regarding Unshu oranges imported under this rule will be preempted while the fruit is in foreign commerce. Fresh Unshu oranges are generally imported for immediate distribution and sale to the consuming public, and remain in foreign commerce until sold to the ultimate consumer. The question of when foreign commerce ceases in other cases must be addressed on a case-by-case basis. No retroactive effect will be given to this rule, and this rule will not require administrative proceedings before parties may file suit in court challenging this rule. National Environmental Policy Act An environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact have been prepared for this final rule. The assessment provides a basis for the conclusion that the importation of Unshu oranges grown at approved locations in Japan and imported into certain areas of the United States under the conditions specified in this final rule will not present a risk of introducing or disseminating citrus canker, citrus fruit fly, and mealybugs and will not have a significant impact on the quality of the human environment. Based on the finding of no significant impact, the Administrator of the Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service has determined that an environmental impact statement need not be prepared. The environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact were prepared in accordance with:
(1)The National Environmental Policy Act of 1969 (NEPA), as amended (42 U.S.C. 4321 *et seq.* ),
(2)regulations of the Council on Environmental Quality for implementing the procedural provisions of NEPA (40 CFR parts 1500-1508),
(3)USDA regulations implementing NEPA (7 CFR part 1b), and
(4)APHIS' NEPA Implementing Procedures (7 CFR part 372). Copies of the environmental assessment and finding of no significant impact are available for public inspection at USDA, room 1141, South Building, 14th Street and Independence Avenue SW., Washington, DC, between 8 a.m. and 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday, except holidays. Persons wishing to inspect copies are requested to call ahead on
(202)690-2817 to facilitate entry into the reading room. In addition, copies may be obtained by writing to the individual listed under FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT . Paperwork Reduction Act In accordance with the Paperwork Reduction Act of 1995 (44 U.S.C. 3501 *et seq.* ), the information collection or recordkeeping requirements included in this rule have been approved by the Office of Management and Budget
(OMB)under OMB control number 0579-0173. List of Subjects in 7 CFR Part 319 Bees, Coffee, Cotton, Fruits, Honey, Imports, Logs, Nursery Stock, Plant diseases and pests, Quarantine, Reporting and recordkeeping requirements, Rice, Vegetables. Accordingly, we are amending 7 CFR part 319 as follows: PART 319—FOREIGN QUARANTINE NOTICES 1. The authority citation for part 319 continues to read as follows: Authority: 7 U.S.C. 166, 450, 7711-7714, 7718, 7731, 7732, and 7751-7754; 21 U.S.C. 136 and 136a; 7 CFR 2.22, 2.80, and 371.3. 2. Section 319.28 is amended as follows: a. Paragraphs (b)(2), (b)(3), (b)(4), and (b)(6) are redesignated as paragraphs (b)(3), (b)(4), (b)(6), and (b)(7), respectively. b. Paragraph
(b)introductory text is revised, paragraph (b)(5) is added, and newly redesignated paragraphs (b)(6)(i) and (b)(7) are revised. c. New paragraph (b)(2) is added. § 319.28 Notice of quarantine.
(b)The prohibition does not apply to Unshu oranges ( *Citrus reticulata* Blanco var. *unshu,* Swingle [Citrus unshiu Marcovitch, Tanaka]), also known as Satsuma, grown in Japan or on Cheju Island, Republic of Korea, and imported under permit into any area of the United States except for those areas specified in paragraph (b)(7) of this section: *Provided* , that each of the following safeguards is fully carried out:
(2)In Unshu orange export areas and buffer zones on Kyushu Island, Japan, trapping for the citrus fruit fly ( *Bactrocera tsuneonis* ) must be conducted as prescribed by the Japanese Government's Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries and the U.S. Department of Agriculture. If fruit flies are detected, then shipping will be suspended from the export area until negative trapping shows the problem has been resolved.
(5)Each shipment of oranges grown on Honshu Island, Japan, must be fumigated with methyl bromide after harvest and prior to exportation to the United States. Fumigation must be at the rate of 3 lbs./1,000 cu. ft. for 2 hours at 59 °F or above at normal atmospheric pressure (chamber only) with a load factor of 32 percent or below.
(6)* * *
(i)The individual boxes in which the oranges are shipped must be stamped or printed with a statement specifying the States into which the Unshu oranges may be imported, and from which they are prohibited removal under a Federal plant quarantine.
(7)The Unshu oranges may be imported into the United States only through a port of entry listed in § 319.37-14, except as follows:
(i)Unshu oranges from Honshu Island, Japan, may not be imported into American Samoa, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, or the U.S. Virgin Islands.
(ii)Unshu oranges from Kyushu Island, Japan (Prefectures of Fukuoka, Kumanmoto, Nagasaki, and Saga only), or Cheju Island, Republic of Korea, may not be imported into American Samoa, Arizona, California, Florida, Hawaii, Louisiana, the Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, Texas, or the U.S. Virgin Islands. Done in Washington, DC, this 28th day of January 2002. W. Ron DeHaven, Acting Administrator, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service. [FR Doc. 02-2492 Filed 1-31-02; 8:45 am]
Connectionstraces to 7
6 references not yet in our index
  • 7 CFR 319
  • 7 CFR 319.28
  • 7 CFR 301.11
  • 7 CFR 1
  • 7 CFR 372
  • 7 CFR 2.22
Citation graph
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Cite7 CFR 319
Cite7 CFR 319.28
Cite7 CFR 301.11
Cite7 CFR 1
Cite7 CFR 372
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