Tap any paragraph to write a margin note. Your notes collect in the Desk below the text and file under cases with @. The side-by-side margin rail opens on a larger screen.

Code · Iowa · Chapter 478 — Electric Transmission Lines

478.23 Prior franchises — legislative control.

60 words·~1 min read·/ia/chapter-478-electric-transmission-lines/478-23·

A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.

Any such franchise granted under previously existing law shall not be abrogated by the provisions of this chapter, but all such franchises and all franchises granted under the provisions of this chapter shall be subject to further legislative control.
[C24, 27, 31, 35, 39, §8331; C46, 50, 54, 58, 62, §489.22; C66, 71, 73, 75, §489.23; C77, 79, 81, §478.23]
★   the supreme law of the land   ★
Don't Tread on Me
E Pluribus Unum — out of many, one

"If you don't know your rights, you don't have any."

Marginalia · a citizen's law index
A research desk, not legal advice. Always read the cited source before relying on a summary.
Questions or an issue? support@self-law.org
disclaimerMarginalia is a research index, not a law firm. Nothing on this site is legal, tax, or financial advice and no attorney–client relationship is formed by using it. Statutes, regulations, and case law change; summaries, search results, AI output, and member posts may be incomplete, out of date, or wrong. Any interpretation drawn from material on this site should be validated by a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before you act on it.