Sec. 206. Aviation weather and data innovation
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The Under Secretary shall maintain an airborne observation program (in this section referred to as the program ) for the acquisition of atmospheric sensor data and the deployment of critical atmospheric sensors, including in partnership with the weather enterprise. The program shall include activities that carry out the following: Procurement of weather data available from commercial aircraft, as determined by the Under Secretary. Acquisition of additional vertical profile observations that provide spatial and temporal density, as determined by the Under Secretary.
Analysis of procured data when incorporated into the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s unified forecast system in order to provide improved forecast information for aircraft. The Under Secretary shall, not less frequently than annually, submit to Congress a proposed budget corresponding with the activities described in subsection (b), including an analysis of activities that can be complemented by National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration aircraft. From amounts authorized to be appropriated for the Commercial Data Program under section 302 of the Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017, there shall be available not more than $10,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2026 through 2030 to carry out the program.
The Director of the National Weather Service shall include turbulence events, icing conditions, or other phenomena in the forecasting capabilities of the Aviation Weather Center and the Center Weather Service Units, and deliver operational forecasts with consistent, timely, and accurate weather and turbulence information for the airspace system and the protection of lives and property. In carrying out subsection (e), the Director of the National Weather Service shall give consideration to recommendations from the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration in furtherance of section 44720 of title 49, United States Code, and improve weather and turbulence forecasting capabilities by carrying out the following:
Designating or establishing within the Federal Government an interagency working group to determine weather and environmental data or observation requirements, needs, and potential solutions related to aviation weather and turbulence modeling or forecasting. Identifying current and future potential data gaps related to turbulence events or phenomena that can— identify or inform route-specific flight planning; and be supplemented or filled by commercial aviation tools. Transitioning research initiatives and pilot programs, including a pilot program of instrumentation for observing greenhouse gases and other atmospheric factors deployed on commercial aircraft and support for the evaluation of a sustained observing network using such instrumentation, into operations that improve the forecasting capabilities of the Aviation Weather Center.
Developing and deploying improved probabilistic aviation weather forecast guidance technology. Updating interagency agreements as appropriate, including to address reimbursable agreements. Paragraph
(3)of section 102(b) of the Weather Research and Forecasting Innovation Act of 2017 ( 15 U.S.C. 8512(b) ), as amended by section 111(a), is further amended by— redesignating subparagraphs
(F)and
(G)as subparagraphs
(G)and (H), respectively; and inserting after subparagraph
(E)the following new subparagraph: aviation weather phenomena, including atmospheric composition and turbulence, to improve scientific understanding and forecast capabilities for the airspace system; . The Under Secretary shall ensure the Aviation Weather Center is able, to the maximum extent possible, to disseminate in a timely manner full resolution aviation weather data, forecasts, and information to meet the needs of aviation users. It is the sense of Congress that the aviation weather services provided to the Federal Aviation Administration by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration are critical to the functions of the Federal Aviation Administration and the safety of the flying public. The Under Secretary and the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall enter into or otherwise participate in an interagency agreement for a period of not less than five years under which the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration provides weather services to the Federal Aviation Administration. Not less frequently than once per quarter through 2030, the Under Secretary and the Administrator of the Federal Aviation Administration shall provide a briefing to the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate and the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives on the status of the provision by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration of weather services to the Federal Aviation Administration and the interagency agreement under paragraph (2).
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Sec. 206
Aviation weather and data innovation
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