Sec. 1503. Emergency relief program

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Subtitle E of the Agricultural Act of 2014 ( 7 U.S.C. 9081 et seq. ) (as amended by section 1501(a)) is amended by adding at the end the following: In this section: The term covered crop means crops, trees, bushes, and vines. The term disaster means— a natural disaster designated by the Secretary under section 321(a) of the Consolidated Farm and Rural Development Act ( 7 U.S.C. 1961(a) ); a major disaster or emergency designated by the President under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq. ); a quarantine imposed by the Secretary under the Plant Protection Act ( 7 U.S.C. 7701 et seq. ) or the animal quarantine laws (as defined in section 2509(f) of the Food, Agriculture, Conservation, and Trade Act of 1990 ( 21 U.S.C. 136a(f) )); a physical loss notification by the Administrator of the Farm Service Agency under section 759.6(a)(2) of title 7, Code of Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation); or any other disruption outside of the control of an eligible producer on a farm that results in a significant loss of production or revenue, as determined by the Secretary.

The term expected crop revenue means— in the case of covered crops insured under Federal Crop Insurance— the revenue used to calculate the liability for the Federal Crop Insurance; or a higher amount, as determined by the Secretary, to reflect costs of production that exceed the insured value of the covered crop; in the case of covered crops covered under the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program— the revenue used to calculate the liability for the coverage; or a higher amount, as determined by the Secretary, to reflect costs of production that exceed the coverage for the covered crop; and in the case of covered crops that are neither insured under Federal Crop Insurance nor covered under the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program, the expected revenue for the covered crop, as determined by the Secretary, which the Secretary may adjust to reflect costs of production that exceed the expected revenue for the covered crop.

The term Federal Crop Insurance means any crop insurance program, policy, or plan of insurance under the Federal Crop Insurance Act ( 7 U.S.C. 1501 et seq. ). The term net crop insurance indemnity means the difference between— the indemnity paid to an eligible producer on a farm under Federal Crop Insurance; and the cost to the eligible producer on a farm for that Federal Crop Insurance. The term net noninsured crop disaster assistance program payment means the difference between— the payment received by an eligible producer on a farm for coverage under the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program; and the cost to the eligible producer on a farm for that coverage.

The term Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program means the program under section 196 of the Federal Agriculture Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 ( 7 U.S.C. 7333 ). The term qualified loss means a production or value loss in a covered crop incurred by an eligible producer on a farm as a consequence of a disaster. The term qualified loss includes— a loss incurred by an eligible producer on a farm as a result of being prevented from planting a crop due to a disaster; a loss in the quality of a crop, trees, bushes, or vines due to a disaster; and a loss in the quality of a crop (including wine grapes), trees, bushes, or vines due to smoke exposure from a wildfire.

The Secretary shall establish a program under which the Secretary shall provide payments during each crop year to eligible producers on farms that experienced a qualified loss during the crop year. To be eligible to receive a payment under this section for a crop year, an eligible producer on a farm shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require, including a description of each qualified loss incurred by the eligible producer on a farm during the crop year.

The Secretary shall approve an application submitted by an eligible producer on a farm under paragraph

(1)if the application demonstrates to the satisfaction of the Secretary that the eligible producer on a farm has incurred a qualified loss during the applicable crop year. The Secretary shall provide to each eligible producer on a farm the application of whom is approved under subsection (c)(2) a payment for the applicable crop year, in accordance with subsection (e). As a condition of receiving a payment under this section, an eligible producer on a farm shall purchase, for each of the 2 succeeding crop years for each crop for which the eligible producer on a farm received a payment— Federal Crop Insurance, if available; or if Federal Crop Insurance is not available, coverage under the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program. Subject to paragraph

(2)and subsection (f), the amount of a payment provided to an eligible producer on a farm under subsection (d)(1) shall be equal to— in the case of a covered crop insured under Federal Crop Insurance, the product obtained by multiplying— the difference between— the share of the eligible producer on a farm of 95 percent of the expected crop revenue for the covered crop for the crop year; and the sum obtained by adding— the share of the eligible producer on a farm of the actual revenue for the covered crop for the crop year; the net crop insurance indemnity; any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm under subtitle A with respect to the base acres on which the covered crop was planted or prevented from being planted; any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm or on behalf of the eligible producer on a farm under subtitle B with respect to the covered crop for the crop year; and any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm under section 1502 for the crop for the crop year; by in the case of a Federal Crop Insurance coverage level purchased by the eligible producer on a farm that is— catastrophic coverage, 75 percent; more than catastrophic coverage and less than 55 percent coverage, 80 percent; not less than 55 percent coverage and less than 60 percent coverage, 82.5 percent; not less than 60 percent coverage and less than 65 percent coverage, 85 percent; not less than 65 percent coverage and less than 70 percent coverage, 87.5 percent; not less than 70 percent coverage and less than 75 percent coverage, 90 percent; not less than 75 percent coverage and less than 80 percent coverage, 92.5 percent; or not less than 80 percent coverage, 95 percent; in the case of a covered crop covered under the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program, the product obtained by multiplying— the difference between— the share of the eligible producer on a farm of 95 percent of the expected crop revenue for the covered crop for the crop year; and the sum obtained by adding— the share of the eligible producer on a farm of the actual revenue for the covered crop for the crop year; the net noninsured crop disaster assistance program payment; any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm under subtitle A with respect to the base acres on which the covered crop was planted or prevented from being planted; any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm or on behalf of the eligible producer on a farm under subtitle B with respect to the covered crop for the crop year; and any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm under section 1502 for the crop for the crop year; by in the case of a Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program coverage level purchased by the eligible producer on a farm that is— catastrophic coverage, 75 percent; more than catastrophic coverage and less than 60 percent coverage, 80 percent; not less than 60 percent coverage and less than 70 percent coverage, 85 percent; not less than 70 percent coverage and less than 75 percent coverage, 90 percent; or not less than 75 percent coverage, 95 percent; or in the case of a covered crop that is neither insured under Federal Crop Insurance nor covered under the Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Program— subject to clause (ii), the product obtained by multiplying— the difference between— the share of the eligible producer on a farm of 95 percent of the expected crop revenue for the covered crop for the crop year; and the sum obtained by adding— the share of the eligible producer on a farm of the actual revenue for the covered crop for the crop year; any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm under subtitle A with respect to the base acres on which the covered commodity was planted or prevented from being planted; any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm or on behalf of the eligible producer on a farm under subtitle B with respect to the covered crop for the crop year; and any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm under section 1502 for the crop for the crop year; by 70 percent; or if the eligible producer on a farm is in an area that is not adequately served (as defined in section 508(a)(7)(A) of the Federal Crop Insurance Act ( 7 U.S.C. 1508(a)(7)(A) )) or is an underserved producer (as defined in that section), the product obtained by multiplying— the sum obtained by adding— the share of the eligible producer on a farm of the actual revenue for the covered crop for the crop year; any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm under subtitle A with respect to the base acres on which the covered crop was planted or prevented from being planted; any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm or on behalf of the eligible producer on a farm under subtitle B with respect to the covered crop for the crop year; and any payments made to the eligible producer on a farm under section 1502 for the crop for the crop year; by 75 percent. In the case of a producer of wine grapes that uses not less than 75 percent of the grapes to produce wine at a facility owned by the producer, the amount of a payment provided to the producer under subsection (d)(1) shall be calculated under paragraph

(1)based on the market rate for wine grapes at the time of calculation, in lieu of the revenue of the producer. For each crop year— Subject to paragraph (2), an eligible producer on a farm may receive payments under subsection (d)(1) in an amount equal to not more than— $500,000 for the specialty covered crops and high-value covered crops of the eligible producer on a farm, as determined by the Secretary; and $250,000 for the covered crops of the eligible producer on a farm not described in subparagraph (A). If the amount made available to make payments under subsection (d)(1) for a crop year is insufficient to pay all eligible producers on farms that are eligible for payments under that subsection the amount calculated under subsection (e), as limited by paragraph (1), the Secretary shall reduce the limitations described in that paragraph in a manner such that the maximum number of those eligible producers on farms receive 100 percent of the amount calculated under subsection (e). The Secretary shall— estimate the percentage of qualified losses that will be paid from the amount made available to make payments under subsection (d)(1) for a crop year; using the estimate under paragraph (1), provide partial payments as soon as practicable after receipt and approval of an application under subsection (c); and make final payments under subsection (d)(1) for the crop year as soon as practicable after all applications submitted under subsection

(c)have been approved, modified, or rejected. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary such sums as are necessary to carry out this section for each of fiscal years 2025 through 2029. Of the amount made available under paragraph

(1)for each fiscal year, the Secretary may use not more than 1 percent to pay the administrative costs of the Secretary. .

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