Tap any paragraph to write a margin note. Your notes collect in the Desk below the text and file under cases with @. The side-by-side margin rail opens on a larger screen.

Code · BILL · 118th Congress · S. 422 (Introduced in Senate) — To remove legal impediments preventing construction of a border barrier along the international border between the Un... · Sec. 3

Sec. 3. Improving the requirements for barriers along the southern border

853 words·~4 min read·/bill/118/s/422/is/section-3

A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.

Section 102 of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (division C of Public Law 104–208 ; 8 U.S.C. 1103 note) is amended— in subsection (a), by striking to install and all that follows and inserting (including the removal of obstacles to detection of illegal entrants) to design, test, construct, install, deploy, integrate, and operate physical barriers, tactical infrastructure, and technology in the vicinity of the United States border to achieve situational awareness and operational control of the border and deter, impede, and detect illegal activity in high traffic areas. ; in subsection (b)— in the subsection heading, by striking and inserting fencing and road improvements ; physical barriers in paragraph (1)— in subparagraph (A)— by striking subsection
(a)and inserting this section ; and by striking roads, lighting, cameras, and sensors to gain and inserting tactical infrastructure, and technology to achieve situational awareness and ; by amending subparagraph
(B)to read as follows: The Secretary, in carrying out this section, shall deploy along the United States border the most practical and effective physical barriers and tactical infrastructure available for achieving situational awareness and operational control of the border. ; in subparagraph (C)— in clause (i)— by striking the Secretary of the Interior, the Secretary of Agriculture, States, local governments, Indian tribes, and and inserting appropriate Federal agency partners, appropriate representatives of Federal, State, Tribal, and local governments, and appropriate private ; and by striking fencing is and inserting physical barriers are ; and in clause (ii)— in subclause (I), by striking or after the semicolon at the end; by amending subclause
(II)to read as follows: delay the transfer to the United States of the possession of property or affect the validity of any property acquisition by the United States by purchase or eminent domain, or to otherwise affect the eminent domain laws of the United States or of any State; or ; and by adding at the end the following: create any right or liability for any party. ; and by striking subparagraph (D); in paragraph (2)— by striking Attorney General and inserting Secretary of Homeland Security ; and by striking this subsection and shall commence construction of fences and inserting this section and shall commence the construction of physical barriers ; by amending paragraph
(3)to read as follows: In carrying out this section, the Secretary of Homeland Security, when designing, constructing, and deploying physical barriers, tactical infrastructure, or technology, shall incorporate such safety features into such design, construction, or deployment of such physical barriers, tactical infrastructure, or technology, as the case may be, that the Secretary determines, in consultation with the labor organization representing agents of U.S. Border Patrol, are necessary to maximize the safety and effectiveness of officers or agents of the Department of Homeland Security or of any other Federal agency deployed in the vicinity of such physical barriers, tactical infrastructure, or technology. ; and in paragraph (4), by striking this subsection and inserting this section ; by striking subsection (c); by inserting after subsection
(b)the following: In carrying out this section, the Secretary of Homeland Security shall deploy along the United States border the most practical and effective technology available for achieving situational awareness and operational control of the border. ; and by adding at the end the following: In this section: The term advanced unattended surveillance sensors means sensors that utilize an onboard computer to analyze detections in an effort to discern between vehicles, humans, and animals, and ultimately filter false positives prior to transmission. The term high traffic areas means areas in the vicinity of the United States border that— are within the responsibility of U.S. Customs and Border Protection; and have significant unlawful cross-border activity, as determined by the Secretary of Homeland Security. The term operational control has the meaning given such term in section 2(b) of the Secure Fence Act of 2006 ( Public Law 109–367 ; 8 U.S.C. 1701 note). The term physical barriers includes reinforced fencing, the border barrier system, and levee walls. The term situational awareness has the meaning given such term in section 1092(a)(7) of the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 ( Public Law 114–328 ; 6 U.S.C. 223(a)(7) ). The term tactical infrastructure includes boat ramps, access gates, checkpoints, lighting, and roads. The term technology means border surveillance and detection technology, including— tower-based surveillance technology; deployable, lighter-than-air ground surveillance equipment; Vehicle and Dismount Exploitation Radars (VADER); 3-dimensional, seismic acoustic detection and ranging border tunneling detection technology; advanced unattended surveillance sensors; mobile vehicle-mounted and man-portable surveillance capabilities; unmanned aircraft systems; and other border detection, communication, and surveillance technology. The term unmanned aircraft system has the meaning given such term in section 44801(12) of title 49, United States Code. . A waiver issued by the Secretary of Homeland Security pursuant to section 102(c) of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act of 1996 (division C of Public Law 104–208 ; 8 U.S.C. 1103 note) that was published in the Federal Register before the date of the enactment of this Act shall not be affected by the amendment made by subsection (a).
Connectionstraces to 4
2 references not yet in our index
  • Pub. L. 104-208
  • Pub. L. 109-367
Citation graph
cites case law
Sec. 3
Improving the requirements for barriers along the southern border
Pub. L.Pub. L. 104-208
Pub. L.Pub. L. 109-367
Cites 6Cited by 0 across 0 sources
★   the supreme law of the land   ★
Don't Tread on Me
E Pluribus Unum — out of many, one

"If you don't know your rights, you don't have any."

Marginalia · a citizen's law index
A research desk, not legal advice. Always read the cited source before relying on a summary.
Questions or an issue? support@self-law.org
disclaimerMarginalia is a research index, not a law firm. Nothing on this site is legal, tax, or financial advice and no attorney–client relationship is formed by using it. Statutes, regulations, and case law change; summaries, search results, AI output, and member posts may be incomplete, out of date, or wrong. Any interpretation drawn from material on this site should be validated by a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before you act on it.