Sec. 701. Office of research and development
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The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, acting through the Assistant Administrator of Research and Development (referred to in this section as the Assistant Administrator ), shall carry out research, development, and demonstration activities in each of the areas described in this subsection. The Assistant Administrator shall carry out a lifecycle assessment of the environmental impacts of direct air capture, including— greenhouse gas emissions; air and water pollutants; water use; and land use.
The Assistant Administrator shall design and conduct a demonstration of landfills for woody biomass disposal and carbon storage; The Assistant Administrator shall carry out the activities described in subparagraph
(A)in collaboration with the Chief of the Forest Service. The Assistant Administrator shall conduct research on the environmental impacts of mineralization, including broadcasting materials, disturbing piles of mine tailings, and expanded mining activities. The Assistant Administrator shall carry out the activities described in subparagraph
(A)in collaboration with— the Director of the National Science Foundation; the Director of the United States Geological Survey; and the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy and Carbon Management of the Department of Energy. The Assistant Administrator shall conduct research on decision science, social impacts, and public engagement on carbon dioxide removal technologies and methods. The Assistant Administrator shall carry out the activities described in subparagraph
(A)in collaboration with— the Director of the National Science Foundation; and the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy and Carbon Management of the Department of Energy. The Assistant Administrator shall carry out a life cycle analysis of the impact of biomass use in carbon dioxide removal technologies, including— emissions sequestered in materials; emissions impacts of biomass harvest, processing, and transportation; unintended disturbances to ecosystem carbon stocks; indirect land-use change; and alternative fates of biomass used. In carrying out the analysis under subparagraph (A), the Assistant Administrator shall consider the social impacts of air pollution relating to biofuel and biomass combustion. The Assistant Administrator shall carry out the activities described in subparagraphs
(A)and
(B)in collaboration with the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy of the Department of Energy. The Assistant Administrator shall carry out a technoeconomic and lifecycle assessment of various mineralization pathways and research on protocols for monitoring and verification of carbon removed or sequestered through mineralization. The Assistant Administrator shall carry out other carbon dioxide removal research, development, and demonstration activities, as determined by the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency to carry out this section— $24,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; $28,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; $32,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2027 and 2028; $34,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2029 and 2030; $31,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2031 and 2032; and $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2033.