Sec. 13. National Science Foundation quantum information science research and education activities

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Section 301 of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8841 ) is amended— in the heading, by inserting after , engineering, and technology ; science in subsection (a)— by striking basic ; and by striking science and engineering and inserting science, engineering, and technology ; in subsection (b)— in paragraph (1)— in subparagraph (A)— by striking basic ; and by striking science and engineering and inserting science, engineering, and technology ; and in subparagraph (B)— by striking human resources and inserting education and workforce ; and by striking science and engineering and inserting science, engineering, and technology ; and in paragraph (2)— in subparagraph (A)— in clause (i)— by striking science and engineering and inserting science, engineering, and technology ; by inserting K–12, vocational, before undergraduate ; and by striking and after the semicolon; in clause (ii), by inserting and after the semicolon; and by adding at the end the following new clause: to pursue research at the frontiers of quantum information science, engineering, and technology, and explore solutions to important challenges for the development, application, and commercialization of quantum technologies; ; in subparagraph (B), by striking science and engineering and inserting science, engineering, and technology ; and in subparagraph (C), by striking science and engineering and inserting science, engineering, and technology ; in subparagraph (D), by striking and after the semicolon; in subparagraph (E), by striking the period and inserting ; and ; and by adding at the end the following new subparagraph: providing infrastructure to support academic quantum information science, engineering, and technology, including through existing infrastructure programs and new activities. ; by amending subsection

(c)to read as follows: The Director of the National Science Foundation, in consultation with heads of Federal agencies the Director considers appropriate, shall award grants to institutions of higher education or eligible nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof) to increase capacity and broaden participation, including through provisioning of experiential opportunities, where appropriate, in quantum information science, engineering, and technology and other related disciplines. The Director of the National Science Foundation may establish or use existing programs to make awards to institutions of higher education or nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof) to provide traineeships to graduate students at institutions of higher education within the United States who are citizens of the United States and who choose or plan to pursue masters or doctoral degrees in quantum information science, engineering, and technology, or related fields, and by providing students with opportunities for research experiences in government or industry related to such students’ quantum studies. The Director of the National Science Foundation may establish or use existing programs to support fellowships and scholarships for students at institutions of higher education for the purpose of increasing quantum information science, engineering, and technology exposure for undergraduate and graduate STEM students and increasing post-graduation employment opportunities for STEM students. Eligible participants in the fellowship and scholarship program shall— be enrolled in or have graduated from a STEM degree program at a domestic institution of higher education; and have taken at least one quantum-science or quantum-relevant course as part of their degree programs. Eligible fellowships and scholarships may include temporary quantum-related positions at State or Federal agencies, national laboratories, private sector entities, institutions of higher education, the Quantum Centers and Institute established in sections 202, 302, 402, and 502, or other quantum-relevant entities, as determined appropriate by the Director. Fellowships and scholarships shall be competitively awarded through a merit-review process. The Director of the National Science Foundation may prioritize fellowships that include an industry partner that provides financial assistance to the applicant for direct or indirect costs. The Director of the National Science Foundation shall seek to increase opportunities for quantum research for undergraduate students by encouraging proposals in quantum information science, engineering, and technology, through the research experiences for undergraduates pursuant to section 514 of the America COMPETES Reauthorization Act of 2010 ( 42 U.S.C. 1862p–6 ). The Director of the National Science Foundation may establish or use existing programs to support cooperative education programs between institutions of higher education and employers that increase opportunities for undergraduate students to acquire experiential learning and professional experiences in quantum information sciences, engineering, and technology. In carrying out the activities under this subsection, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall encourage awardees to partner with relevant Federal agencies, Federal laboratories, industry and other private sector organizations, and nonprofit organizations to facilitate the expansion of workforce pathways and hands-on learning experiences. ; in subsection (d)— in the subsection heading, by striking and inserting QISE ; QISET in paragraph (1)— by striking information science and engineering (referred to in this subsection as and inserting QISE ) information science, engineering, and technology (referred to in this subsection as QISET) ; and by inserting and career and technical education entities after colleges ; in paragraph (2)— in subparagraph (A), by striking QISE and inserting quantum information science, engineering, and technology ; in subparagraph (D), by inserting , engineering, and technology after science ; in subparagraph (D), by inserting , including those relevant to emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence, microelectronics, and nano technology after fields . by redesignating subparagraphs

(E)and

(F)as subparagraphs

(F)and (H), respectively; by inserting after subparagraph

(D)the following new subparagraph: Informal education methods to enhance experiences of students of all ages with quantum information science, engineering, and technology concepts and applications. ; by inserting after subparagraph (F), as so redesignated, the following new subparagraph: Methods to introduce security and other potential societal dimensions associated with quantum information science, engineering, and technology into STEM curricula. ; and in subparagraph (H), as so redesignated, by inserting , engineering, and technology after science ; in paragraph (3), by striking QISE and inserting quantum information science, engineering, and technology ; and by striking paragraph (4); and by adding at the end the following new subsections: The Director of the National Science Foundation shall seek to increase opportunities to engage educators, principals, or other school leaders of K-12 students in professional learning opportunities to enhance quantum information science, engineering, and technology knowledge, including by— providing hands-on training and research opportunities for such educators at Federal Laboratories, institutions of higher education, or in industry; and developing best practices. The Director of the National Science Foundation, in consultation with the heads of Federal agencies the Director considers appropriate, shall make awards on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis to eligible institutions of higher education or eligible nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof) to increase research capacity, education and infrastructure capacity, and broaden participation in quantum information science, engineering, and technology and related disciplines, including by— supporting curriculum development in quantum information science, engineering, and technology as described in section 301(d) of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8841(d) ); building upon the activities carried out under the Next Generation Quantum Leaders Pilot Program authorized under section 10661(f) of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act ( Public Law 117–167 ; 42 U.S.C. 19261(f) ); and leveraging the readiness for the involvement of local research and education communities to secure a talent pipeline in quantum information science, engineering, and technology to meet the workforce needs of industry, government, and academia. A collaboration receiving an award under this subsection may include institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, and private sector entities. In this subsection, the term eligible institution of higher education means an institution of higher education, that, according to the data published by the National Center for Science and Engineering Statistics, is not, on average, among the top 100 institutions in Federal research and development expenditures during the 3- year period prior to the year of the award. To receive an award under this subsection, an eligible institution shall submit to the Director of the National Science Foundation an application that includes the following: A plan to sustain proposed activities beyond the duration of the award. Proposed quantum information science, engineering, and technology disciplines and focus areas the eligible institution is prepared to engage in to significantly build up its quantum information science, engineering, and technology research and education capacity. A plan for education and workforce development, which may include K-12 and post-secondary education programs and activities, workforce training and career and technical education programs and activities, undergraduate, graduate, and postdoctoral education, and informal education programs and activities. Awards under this subsection to support research and related activities may include the activities relating to the following: Development or expansion of research programs in disciplines and focus areas specified in paragraph (4)(B). Faculty recruitment and professional development in disciplines and focus areas specified in paragraph (4)(B). Bridge programs focused on preparing post-baccalaureate students for graduate programs in quantum information science, engineering, and technology. To build research capacity and infrastructure at an eligible institution in disciplines and focus areas specified in paragraph (4)(B). An assessment of capacity-building and research infrastructure needs identified in paragraph (4)(B). Administrative research development support. Other activities necessary to build research capacity in quantum information science, engineering, and technology. In making awards under this subsection, the Director of the National Science Foundation may also consider the following: The extent to which the eligible applicant will support students from diverse backgrounds, including first-generation undergraduate students. The geographic and institutional diversity of eligible applicants. How the eligible applicant can leverage public-private partnerships and existing research partnerships with Federal agencies. The Director of the National Science Foundation shall ensure awards made under this subsection are complimentary to and not duplicative of existing programs. The Director of the National Science Foundation may provide awards to support mid-career scientists and faculty to upgrade, develop, or acquire essential research instruments to start new research activities, or expand existing activities, focused on quantum information science, engineering and technology. The Director of the National Science Foundation, in coordination with the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Commerce, shall support international quantum information science, engineering, and technology research, as appropriate, to enhance international cooperation and meet United States commitments, including as part of the terms and conditions of bilateral or multilateral quantum information science, engineering, and technology research agreements. In carrying out this subsection, the Director of the National Science Foundation shall ensure alignment with the national Quantum Information Strategy in accordance with Executive Order 14073 or successor strategies. The Director shall prioritize research programs with countries that have signed a Quantum Cooperation Statement with the United States. None of the funds made available under this section may be obligated or expended to an institution of higher education that maintains a contract or agreement between such institution and a Confucius Institute or any successor of a Confucius Institute. None of the funds made available under this section may be obligated or expended to promote, establish, or finance quantum research activities between a United States entity and a foreign country of concern or foreign entity of concern. In carrying out the activities described in this section, the Director of the National Science Foundation, in consultation with the heads of other Federal departments and agencies, as appropriate, shall award grants to institutions of higher education or eligible nonprofit organizations (or consortia thereof) to upgrade research facilities and improve access to research resources, such as equipment and instrumentation, that is needed for research and development in quantum information science, engineering, and technology. Grants under paragraph

(1)shall be used to facilitate quantum information science, engineering, and technology research and development, including by carrying out the following: Upgrading or adding research resources to accelerate the development of quantum technologies, including capabilities focused on addressing the roadblocks to implementation, and meet the materials, advanced materials development, high performance computing, heterogeneous computing, networking, software, data, clean room, and device needs of the scientific community and the quantum supply chain. Enhancing access to equipment and instrumentation, including at partnering institutions, by facilitating information sharing, coordination, scheduling, education, and training, including activities that provide meaningful hands-on learning experiences for students, including at community and technical colleges. Enabling professional staff to support the operation and improvement of research resources used for quantum information science, engineering, and technology. An institution of higher education or an eligible nonprofit organization (or a consortium thereof) and industry partners seeking funding under this subsection shall submit to the Director of the National Science Foundation an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may require. Of the funds authorized to be appropriated to the National Science Foundation pursuant to section 10303 of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act ( Public Law 117–167 ) for research and related activities, there is authorized to be appropriated to the Director of the National Science Foundation to carry out this section up to $141,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2024 through 2027. .

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