Sec. 531. Improving checks and balances on the use of the National Emergencies Act

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Title II of the National Emergencies Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1621 et seq. ) is amended by striking sections 201 and 202 and inserting the following: With respect to Acts of Congress authorizing the exercise, during the period of a national emergency, of any special or extraordinary power, the President is authorized to declare such a national emergency by proclamation. Such proclamation shall immediately be transmitted to Congress and published in the Federal Register. No powers or authorities made available by statute for use during the period of a national emergency shall be exercised unless and until the President specifies the provisions of law under which the President proposes that the President or other officers will act in— a proclamation declaring a national emergency under subsection (a); or one or more Executive orders relating to the emergency published in the Federal Register and transmitted to Congress.

If a joint resolution of approval is not enacted under section 203 with respect to a national emergency before the expiration of the period described in section 202(a), or with respect to a national emergency proposed to be renewed under section 202(b), the President may not, during the remainder of the term of office of that President, declare a subsequent national emergency under subsection

(a)with respect to the same circumstances. If a joint resolution of approval is not enacted under section 203 with respect to a power or authority specified by the President in a proclamation under subsection

(a)or an Executive order under subsection (b)(2) with respect to a national emergency, the President may not, during the remainder of the term of office of that President, exercise that power or authority with respect to that emergency. No law enacted after the date of the enactment of the Congressional Power of the Purse Act shall supersede this title unless it does so in specific terms, referring to this title, and declaring that the new law supersedes the provisions of this title. A declaration of a national emergency shall remain in effect for a period of 20 days from the issuance of the proclamation under section 201(a) (unless the declaration is terminated before the end of that period pursuant to an Act of Congress under subsection (c)(1)(C) or a proclamation of the President under subsection (c)(1)(D)) and shall terminate when that 20-day period expires unless there is enacted into law a joint resolution of approval under section 203 with respect to the proclamation. Any emergency power or authority made available under a provision of law specified in a proclamation or Executive order pursuant to section 201(b) may be exercised pursuant to the declaration of a national emergency for a period of 20 days from the issuance of the proclamation or Executive order (unless the declaration is terminated before the end of that period pursuant to an Act of Congress under subsection (c)(1)(C) or a proclamation of the President under subsection (c)(1)(D)). That power or authority may not be exercised after that 20-day period expires unless there is enacted into law a joint resolution of approval under section 203 approving— the proclamation of the national emergency or the Executive order; and the exercise of the power or authority specified by the President in such proclamation or Executive order. For purposes of paragraphs

(1)and (2), a period of days shall be computed excluding— the days on which the Senate or the House of Representatives is not in session because of an adjournment of more than 3 days to a day certain or an adjournment of the Congress sine die; any Saturday and Sunday, not excluded under subparagraph (A), when the Senate or the House of Representatives is not in session; or the date on which the proclamation or Executive order described in paragraph

(1)or (2), as applicable, is issued. A national emergency declared by the President under section 201(a) or previously renewed under this subsection, and not already terminated pursuant to subsection

(a)or (c), shall terminate on the date described in paragraph

(2)unless— the President publishes in the Federal Register and transmits to Congress an Executive order renewing the emergency; and there is enacted into law a joint resolution of approval with respect to renewing the emergency pursuant to section 203 before the termination of the emergency or previous renewal of the emergency. The date described in this paragraph is the date that is one year after, as applicable— the date on which the President transmitted to Congress the proclamation declaring the emergency; or the date of the enactment of a previous joint resolution of approval with respect to renewing the emergency pursuant to section 203. Any national emergency declared by the President under section 201(a) shall terminate on the earliest of— the date provided for in subsection (a); the date provided for in subsection (b); the date specified in an Act of Congress terminating the emergency; or the date specified in a proclamation of the President terminating the emergency. Effective on the date of the termination of a national emergency under paragraph (1)— any powers or authorities exercised by reason of the emergency shall cease to be exercised; any amounts reprogrammed, repurposed, or transferred under any provision of law with respect to the emergency that remain unobligated on that date shall be returned and made available for the purpose for which such amounts were appropriated; and any contracts entered into under any provision of law relating to the emergency shall be terminated. In this section, the term joint resolution of approval means a joint resolution that does not have a preamble and that contains only the following provisions after its resolving clause: A provision approving one or more— proclamations declaring national emergencies under section 201(a); Executive orders issued under section 201(b)(2); or Executive orders issued under section 202(b). A provision approving a list of all or a portion of the provisions of law specified by the President under section 201(b) in the proclamations or Executive orders that are the subject of the joint resolution. After the President transmits to Congress a proclamation declaring a national emergency under section 201(a), or an Executive order specifying emergency powers or authorities under section 201(b)(2) or renewing a national emergency under section 202(b), a joint resolution of approval may be introduced in either House of Congress by any member of that House. In the Senate, a joint resolution of approval shall be referred to the appropriate committee. In the Senate, the following shall apply: A joint resolution of approval shall be referred to the appropriate committee or committees. If the committee to which a joint resolution of approval has been referred has not reported it at the end of 10 calendar days after its introduction, that committee shall be discharged from further consideration of the resolution and it shall be placed on the calendar. Notwithstanding Rule XXII of the Standing Rules of the Senate, when a committee to which a joint resolution of approval is referred has reported the resolution, or when that committee is discharged under subparagraph

(B)from further consideration of the resolution, it is at any time thereafter in order to move to proceed to the consideration of the joint resolution, and all points of order against the joint resolution (and against the motion to proceed to the consideration of the joint resolution) are waived. The motion to proceed shall be debatable for 4 hours evenly divided between proponents and opponents of the joint resolution of approval. The motion is not subject to amendment, or to a motion to postpone, or to a motion to proceed to the consideration of other business. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the motion is agreed to or disagreed to shall not be in order. If a motion to proceed to the consideration of a joint resolution of approval is agreed to, the joint resolution shall remain the unfinished business of the Senate until disposed of. There shall be 10 hours of consideration on a joint resolution of approval, to be divided evenly between the proponents and opponents of the joint resolution. Of that 10 hours, there shall be a total of 2 hours of debate on any debatable motions in connection with the joint resolution, to be divided evenly between the proponents and opponents of the joint resolution. No amendments shall be in order with respect to a joint resolution of approval in the Senate. A motion to reconsider a vote on passage of a joint resolution of approval shall not be in order. Points of order and appeals from the decision of the Presiding Officer shall be decided without debate. In the House of Representatives, the following shall apply: If any committee to which a joint resolution of approval has been referred has not reported it to the House within 7 legislative days after the date of referral such committee shall be discharged from further consideration of the joint resolution. Beginning on the third legislative day after each committee to which a joint resolution of approval has been referred reports it to the House or has been discharged from further consideration thereof, it shall be in order to move to proceed to consider the joint resolution of approval in the House. All points of order against the motion are waived. Such a motion shall not be in order after the House has disposed of a motion to proceed on the joint resolution of approval. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the motion to its adoption without intervening motion. The motion shall not be debatable. A motion to reconsider the vote by which the motion is disposed of shall not be in order. A motion to proceed to the consideration of a joint resolution of approval with respect to an Executive order described in subparagraph

(B)or

(C)of subsection (a)(1) or a list described in subsection (a)(2) shall not be in order before the enactment of a joint resolution of approval with respect to the proclamation described in subsection (a)(1)(A) that is the subject of the Executive order or list. The joint resolution of approval shall be considered as read. All points of order against the joint resolution of approval and against its consideration are waived. The previous question shall be considered as ordered on the joint resolution of approval to final passage without intervening motion except 2 hours of debate equally divided and controlled by the sponsor of the joint resolution of approval (or a designee) and an opponent. A motion to reconsider the vote on passage of the joint resolution of approval shall not be in order. If, before the passage by one House of Congress of a joint resolution of approval of that House, that House receives from the other House a joint resolution of approval with respect to the same proclamation described in section 201(a) or Executive order described in section 201(b)(2) or 202(b), then the following procedures shall apply: The joint resolution of approval of the other House shall not be referred to a committee. With respect to a joint resolution of approval of the House receiving the joint resolution— the procedure in that House shall be the same as if no joint resolution of approval had been received from the other House; but the vote on passage shall be on the joint resolution of approval of the other House. Upon the failure of passage of the joint resolution of approval of the other House, the question shall immediately occur on passage of the joint resolution of approval of the receiving House. If one House fails to introduce a joint resolution of approval under this section with respect to proclamation under section 201(a) or Executive order under section 201(b)(2) or 202(b), the joint resolution of approval of the other House shall be entitled to expedited consideration under paragraph

(3)or (4), as applicable. The provisions of this paragraph shall not apply in the House of Representatives to a joint resolution of approval that is a revenue measure. Debate on a veto message in the Senate under this section shall be 1 hour evenly divided between the majority and minority leaders or their designees. The enactment of a joint resolution of approval under this section shall not be interpreted to serve as a grant or modification by Congress of statutory authority for the emergency powers of the President. This section is enacted by Congress— as an exercise of the rulemaking power of the Senate and the House of Representatives, respectively, and as such is deemed a part of the rules of each House, respectively, but applicable only with respect to the procedure to be followed in the House in the case of joint resolutions of approval described in this section, and supersedes other rules only to the extent that it is inconsistent with such other rules; and with full recognition of the constitutional right of either House to change the rules (so far as relating to the procedure of that House) at any time, in the same manner, and to the same extent as in the case of any other rule of that House. In the case of a national emergency described in subsection (b), the provisions of the National Emergencies Act, as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Congressional Power of the Purse Act , shall continue to apply on and after such date of enactment. A national emergency described in this subsection is a national emergency pursuant to which the President proposes to exercise emergency powers or authorities made available under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq. ), supplemented as necessary by a provision of law specified in paragraph (2). The provisions of law specified in this paragraph are— the United Nations Participation Act of 1945 ( 22 U.S.C. 287 et seq. ); section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act ( 8 U.S.C. 1182(f) ); or any provision of law that authorizes the implementation, imposition, or enforcement of economic sanctions with respect to a foreign country. Subsection

(a)shall not apply to a national emergency or the exercise of emergency powers and authorities pursuant to the national emergency if, in addition to the exercise of emergency powers and authorities described in subsection (b), the President proposes to exercise, pursuant to the national emergency, any emergency powers and authorities under any other provision of law. . Section 401 of the National Emergencies Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1641 ) is amended by adding at the end the following: The President shall transmit to Congress, with any proclamation declaring a national emergency under section 201(a) or any Executive order specifying emergency powers or authorities under section 201(b)(2) or renewing a national emergency under section 202(b), a report, in writing, that includes the following: A description of the circumstances necessitating the declaration of a national emergency, the renewal of such an emergency, or the use of a new emergency power or authority, as the case may be. The estimated duration of the national emergency, or a statement that the duration of the national emergency cannot reasonably be estimated at the time of transmission of the report. A summary of the actions the President or other officers intend to take, including any reprogramming or transfer of funds and any contracts anticipated to be entered into, and the statutory authorities the President and such officers expect to rely on in addressing the national emergency. In the case of a renewal of a national emergency, a summary of the actions the President or other officers have taken in the preceding one-year period, including any reprogramming or transfer of funds, to address the emergency. The President shall provide to Congress such other information as Congress may request in connection with any national emergency in effect under title II. If the President declares a national emergency under section 201(a), the President shall, not less frequently than every 90 days for the duration of the emergency, report to Congress on the status of the emergency and the actions the President or other officers have taken and authorities the President and such officers have relied on in addressing the emergency. . Section 203 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1702 ) is amended— by redesignating subsection

(c)as subsection (d); and by inserting after subsection

(b)the following: The authority granted to the President by this section does not include the authority to impose duties or tariff-rate quotas or (subject to paragraph (2)) other quotas on articles entering the United States. The limitation under paragraph

(1)does not prohibit the President from excluding all articles imported from a country from entering the United States. . Title III of the National Emergencies Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1631 ) is repealed. Section 207 of the International Emergency Economic Powers Act ( 50 U.S.C. 1706 ) is amended— in subsection (b), by striking concurrent resolution and inserting joint resolution each place it appears; and by adding at the end the following: In this section, the term National Emergencies Act means the National Emergencies Act, as in effect on the day before the date of the enactment of the Congressional Power of the Purse Act . . Except as provided in paragraph (2), this section and the amendments made by this section shall take effect on the date of the enactment of this Act and apply with respect to national emergencies declared under section 201 of the National Emergencies Act on or after that date. When a national emergency declared under section 201 of the National Emergencies Act before the date of the enactment of the Congressional Power of the Purse Act would expire or be renewed under section 202(d) of that Act (as in effect on the day before such date of enactment), that national emergency shall be subject to the requirements for renewal under section 202(b) of that Act, as amended by subsection (a).

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Sec. 531

Improving checks and balances on the use of the National Emergencies Act

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