Sec. 7. Improvements to National Quantum Initiative Program

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It is the sense of Congress that— the execution of the National Defense Strategy is critical to the functions of the Federal participants of the National Quantum Initiative Program; and the success of the National Quantum Initiative Program is necessary for the Department of Defense to carry out the National Defense Strategy. The National Quantum Initiative Act ( Public Law 115–368 ; 15 U.S.C. 8801 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following new title: The quantum information science and technology research and development program carried out under section 234 of the John S.

McCain National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2019 ( Public Law 115–232 ; 10 U.S.C. 2358 note) shall be treated as part of the National Quantum Initiative Program implemented under section 101(a) of this Act. The Secretary of Energy, the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, and the Director of the National Science Foundation shall each coordinate with the Secretary of Defense in the efforts of the Secretary of Defense to conduct basic research to accelerate scientific breakthroughs in quantum information science and technology. .

The table of contents is section 1(b) of such Act is amended by adding at the end the following: TITLE V—Department of Defense quantum activities Sec. 501. Defense quantum information science and technology research and development program. Sec. 502. Coordination. . The Comptroller General of the United States shall— assess the National Quantum Initiative Program; and submit to Congress a report on the findings of the Comptroller General with respect to such assessment. The assessment required by paragraph (1)(A) shall cover the following:

The effectiveness of the National Quantum Initiative Program. Whether all of the programs, committees, and centers required by the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8801 et seq.) have been established. Whether the agencies, programs, committees, and centers described in subparagraph

(B)are effectively collaborating together and conducting joint activities where appropriate. Identification of inefficiencies or duplications across the various programs of the National Quantum Initiative Program. The Secretary of Energy, the Secretary of Commerce acting through the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the Director of the National Science Foundation, and the heads of other Federal agencies participating in the National Quantum Initiative Program shall coordinate with each other and the heads of other relevant Federal agencies, including the Secretary of Defense, to carry out the goals of the National Quantum Initiative Program. The President shall establish, through the National Science and Technology Council, the Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Science (in this paragraph referred to as the Subcommittee ). The Subcommittee shall be composed of members as follows: One member appointed by the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology. One member appointed by the Director of the National Science Foundation. One member appointed by the Secretary of Energy. One member appointed by the Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Three members appointed by the Secretary of Defense, of whom— one shall be a representative of the Army; one shall be a representative of the Navy; and one shall be a representative of the Air Force. One member appointed by the Director of the National Security Agency. One member appointed by the Director of National Intelligence. One member appointed by the Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy. Such other members as the President considers appropriate. Each member of the Subcommittee shall be an employee of the Federal Government. The Director of the Office of Science and Technology Policy, the Secretary of Defense, the Secretary of Energy, and the Director of the National Security Agency shall jointly be chairpersons of the Subcommittee. The Subcommittee shall— coordinate with the National Science and Technology Council and its subcommittees to ensure that the economic and national security implications of basic research and development in quantum information science, along with other related technologies, are reviewed and planned for; analyze economic and national security risks arising from research and development in such areas and make recommendations on how to mitigate those risks; and review new programs for national security implications, when feasible, prior to public announcement. Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the chairpersons of the Subcommittee shall submit to Congress a report on the findings and assessments of the Subcommittee regarding economic and national security risks resulting from quantum information science and technology research. The Subcommittee shall terminate on the later of the following: The date that is five years after the date of the enactment of this Act. Such date as the Subcommittee determines appropriate. Subsection

(b)of section 104 of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( Public Law 115–368 ; 15 U.S.C. 8814 ) is amended by striking and Federal laboratories and inserting Federal laboratories, and defense researchers . Such section is amended— by redesignating subsections

(e)through

(g)as subsection

(f)through (h), respectively; and by inserting after subsection

(d)the following new subsection (e): The Committee shall take such actions as may be necessary, including by modifying policies and procedures of the Committee, to ensure the full integration of the Department of Defense in activities and programs of the Committee. . Section 302(c) of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( Public Law 115–368 ; 15 U.S.C. 8842(c) ) is amended— in paragraph (2), by striking ; and and inserting a semicolon; in paragraph (3), by striking the period at the end and inserting ; and ; and by adding at the end the following new paragraph: encouraging workforce collaboration, both with private industry and among Federal entities, including national defense agencies. . Subsection

(c)of section 402 of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( Public Law 115–368 ; 15 U.S.C. 8852 ) is amended by inserting the national defense agencies, after industry, . Subsection

(d)of such section is amended— by redesignating paragraphs

(2)and

(3)as paragraphs

(3)and (4), respectively; and by inserting after paragraph

(1)the following new paragraph (2): other research entities of the Federal Government, including research entities in the Department of Defense; . Section 102 of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( Public Law 115–368 ; 15 U.S.C. 8812 ) is amended— by redesignating subsection

(c)as subsection (d); and by inserting after subsection

(b)the following new subsection (c): The Coordination Office shall ensure that when participants in the National Quantum Initiative Program prepare and submit reports to Congress that they do so in collaboration with each other and all appropriate Federal civilian, defense, and intelligence research entities. . The National Quantum Coordination Office may make such additional adjustments as it deems necessary to ensure full integration of the Department of Defense into the National Quantum Initiative Program. Paragraph

(2)of section 2 of such Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8801 ) is amended to read as follows: The term appropriate committees of Congress means— the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Select Committee on Intelligence of the Senate; and the Committee on Energy and Commerce, the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology, the Committee on Armed Services, and the Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence of the House of Representatives. .

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