Sec. 10222. Greenhouse gas measurement research
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The Director, in consultation with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Science Foundation, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall carry out a measurement research program to inform the development of best practices, benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical standards for the measurement of greenhouse gas emissions and to assess and improve the performance of greenhouse gas emissions measurement systems placed in-situ and on space-based platforms.
In carrying out such a program, the Director may— conduct research and testing to improve the accuracy, efficacy, and reliability of the measurement of greenhouse gas emissions at a range of scales that covers direct measurement at the component or process level through atmospheric observations; conduct research to create novel measurement technologies and techniques for the measurement of greenhouse gas emissions; convene and engage with relevant Federal agencies and stakeholders to establish common definitions and characterizations for the measurement of greenhouse gas emissions, taking into account any existing United States and international technical standards and guidance; conduct outreach and coordination to share technical expertise with relevant industry and non-industry stakeholders and standards development organizations to assist such entities in the development of best practices and technical standards for greenhouse gas emissions measurements; in coordination with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration and the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, develop such standard reference materials as the Director determines is necessary to further the development of such technical standards, taking into account any existing United States or international standards; coordinate with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to ensure data are managed, stewarded, and archived at all levels and promote full and open exchange at Federal and State levels, and with academia, industry, and other users; and coordinate with international partners, including international standards organizations, to maintain global greenhouse gas measurement technical standards.
In coordination with the private sector, institutions of higher education, State and local governments, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Environmental Protection Agency, and other Federal agencies, as appropriate, the Director may continue to develop and manage testbeds to advance research and standards development for greenhouse gas emissions measurements from in-situ and space-based platforms. The Director, in collaboration with the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency, and the heads of other Federal agencies, as appropriate, shall award to an institution of higher education or an eligible nonprofit organization (or a consortium thereof), on a merit-reviewed, competitive basis, funds to establish a Center of Excellence in Greenhouse Gas Measurement.
The Director shall require, as a condition of receipt of the award under this paragraph, that the activities of the Center of Excellence include collaboration among public and private organizations, including institutions of higher education, nonprofit organizations, private sector entities, and State, tribal, territorial, and local officials. The purpose of the Center of Excellence shall be to— advance measurement science, data analytics, and modeling at a range of scales that covers direct measurement at the component or process level through atmospheric observations to improve the accuracy of greenhouse gas emissions measurement, validation, and attribution to specific underlying activities and processes; test and evaluate the performance of existing capabilities, and inform and improve best practices, benchmarks, methodologies, procedures, and technical standards, for the measurement and validation of greenhouse gas emissions at scales noted in clause (i); educate and train students in measurement science, computational science, and systems engineering research relevant to greenhouse gas emissions measurements; foster collaboration among academic researchers, private sector stakeholders, and State, Tribal, territorial, and local officials; support Institute test beds as described in subsection (a)(3); and collaborate with other Federal agencies to conduct outreach and coordination to share technical expertise with relevant public and private sector stakeholders, including academia, State, Tribal, territorial, local officials, and international partners to assist such entities in measuring greenhouse gas emissions.
An institution of higher education or an eligible nonprofit organization (or a consortium thereof) seeking funding under this subsection shall submit an application to the Director at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Director may require. Each application made under clause
(i)shall include a description of— how the Center will work with other research institutions, industry partners, and State and local officials to identify research, testing, and technical standards needs relevant to greenhouse gas emissions; how the Center will promote active collaboration among researchers in multiple disciplines involved in the measurement of greenhouse gas emissions; and how the Center will share technical expertise with relevant public and private sector stakeholders, including state and local officials, to assist such entities in measuring greenhouse gas emissions. Each Center established under this section is authorized to carry out activities for a period of 5 years, renewable for an additional 5 years at the discretion of the Director, in consultation with other Federal agencies as appropriate.