Sec. 10104. Advanced scientific computing research program
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Section 304 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act ( 42 U.S.C. 18642 ) is amended— by redesignating subsections
(a)through
(c)as subsections
(b)through (d), respectively; and by inserting before subsection (b), as so redesignated, the following: As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7139 ), the Director shall carry out, in coordination with academia and relevant public and private sector entities, a research, development, and demonstration program to— steward applied mathematics, computational science, and computer science research relevant to the missions of the Department and the competitiveness of the United States; develop modeling, simulation, and other computational tools relevant to other scientific disciplines and to the development of new energy technologies and other technologies; advance computing and networking capabilities for data-driven discovery; and develop advanced scientific computing hardware and software tools for science and engineering. ; in subsection
(c)(as redesignated under paragraph (1))— by striking The Director and inserting the following: The Director ; and by adding at the end the following: The Under Secretary for Science shall ensure the coordination of the activities of the Department, including activities under this section, to determine and meet the computational and networking research and facility needs of the Office of Science and all other relevant energy technology and energy efficiency programs within the Department and with other Federal agencies as appropriate. ; by amending subsection (d), as so redesignated, to read as follows: The Director shall carry out activities to develop, test, and support— mathematics, statistics, and algorithms for modeling complex systems relevant to the missions of the Department, including on advanced computing architectures; and tools, languages, programming environments, and operations for high-end computing systems (as defined in section 2 of the American Super Computing Leadership Act ( 15 U.S.C. 5541 ). The Director shall maintain a balanced portfolio within the advanced scientific computing research and development program established under section 976 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16316 ) that supports robust investment in— applied mathematical, computational, and computer sciences research needs relevant to the mission of the Department, including foundational areas that are critical to the advancement of energy sciences and technologies and new and emerging computing technologies; and associated high-performance computing hardware and facilities. It is the sense of Congress that the Exascale Computing Project has successfully created a broad ecosystem that provides shared software packages, novel evaluation systems, and applications relevant to the science and engineering requirements of the Department, and that such products must be maintained and improved in order that the full potential of the deployed systems can be continuously realized. The Secretary shall seek to sustain and evolve the ecosystem referenced in clause
(i)to ensure that the exascale software stack and other research software will continue to be maintained, hardened, and otherwise optimized for long-term use on exascale systems and beyond and reliable availability to the user community. ; and by inserting after subsection
(d)the following: The Secretary shall establish a program to develop and implement a strategy for achieving computing systems with capabilities beyond exascale computing systems. In establishing this program, the Secretary shall— maintain foundational research programs in mathematical, computational, and computer sciences focused on new and emerging computing needs within the mission of the Department, including post-Moore’s law computing architectures, novel approaches to modeling and simulation, artificial intelligence and scientific machine learning, quantum computing, edge computing, extreme heterogeneity, and distributed high-performance computing; retain best practices and maintain support for essential hardware, applications, and software elements of the Exascale Computing Program that are necessary for sustaining the vitality of a long-term capable software ecosystem for exascale and beyond; and develop a Department-wide strategy for balancing on-premises and cloud-based computing and scientific data management. Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of the America COMPETES Act of 2022 , the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a report on the development and implementation of the strategy outlined in paragraph (1). The Secretary shall carry out a program of research and development in heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to expand understanding of the potential for heterogeneous and reconfigurable computing systems to deliver high performance, high efficiency computing for Department of Energy mission challenges. This shall include research and development that explores the convergence of big data analytics, simulations, and artificial intelligence to drive the design of heterogenous computing system architectures. In carrying out this program, the Secretary shall ensure coordination between research activities undertaken by the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program and materials research supported by the Basic Energy Sciences program within the Department of Energy Office of Science. The Secretary shall support a program of fundamental research, development, and demonstration of energy efficient computing and data center technologies relevant to advanced computing applications, including high performance computing, artificial intelligence, and scientific machine learning. In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall— establish a partnership for National Laboratories, industry partners, and institutions of higher education for codesign of energy efficient hardware, technology, software, and applications across all applicable program offices of the Department, and provide access to energy efficient computing resources to such partners; develop hardware and software technologies that decrease the energy needs of advanced computing practices, including through data center co-design; consider multiple heterogeneous computing architectures in collaboration with the program established under subsection
(f)including neuromorphic computing, persistent computing, and ultrafast networking; and provide, as appropriate, on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis, access for researchers from institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, industry, and other Federal agencies to the energy efficient computing technologies developed pursuant to clause (i). In selecting participants for the partnership established under subparagraph (A)(i), the Secretary shall select participants through a competitive, merit review process. Not later than one year after the date of the enactment of the America COMPETES Act of 2022 , the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives, and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a report on— the activities conducted under subparagraph (A); and the coordination and management of the program under subparagraph
(A)to ensure an integrated research program across the Department. The Secretary shall provide for upgrades to the Energy Sciences Network user facility in order to meet the research needs of the Department for highly reliable data transport capabilities optimized for the requirements of large-scale science. In carrying out paragraph (1), the Secretary shall ensure the following capabilities: To provide high bandwidth scientific networking across the continental United States and the Atlantic Ocean. To ensure network reliability. To protect the network infrastructure from cyber-attacks. To manage transport of exponentially increasing levels of data from the Department’s National Laboratories and sites, user facilities, experiments, and sensors. To contribute to the integration of heterogeneous computing frameworks and systems. The Secretary shall support the Computational Science Graduate Fellowship program in order to facilitate collaboration between graduate students and researchers at the National Laboratories, and contribute to the development of a diverse and inclusive computational workforce to help advance research in areas relevant to the mission of the Department. From within funds authorized to be appropriated for Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out the activities under this section— $21,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $22,050,000 for fiscal year 2023; $23,152,500 for fiscal year 2024; $24,310,125 for fiscal year 2025; and $25,525,631 for fiscal year 2026. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section— $1,126,350,000 for fiscal year 2022; $1,222,674,500 for fiscal year 2023; $1,324,320,715 for fiscal year 2024; $1,431,660,115 for fiscal year 2025; and $1,535,090,121 for fiscal year 2026. . Section 2 of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8801 ) is amended— by redesignating paragraph
(7)as paragraph (8); and by inserting after paragraph
(6)the following: The term quantum network infrastructure means any facility, expertise, or capability that is necessary to enable the development and deployment of scalable and diverse quantum network technologies. . Title IV of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8851 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the Secretary ) shall carry out a research, development, and demonstration program to accelerate innovation in quantum network infrastructure in order to— facilitate the advancement of distributed quantum computing systems through the internet and intranet; improve the precision of measurements of scientific phenomena and physical imaging technologies; develop secure national quantum communications technologies and strategies; and demonstrate these capabilities utilizing the Department of Energy’s Energy Sciences Network User Facility. In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall— coordinate with— the Director of the National Science Foundation; the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National Science and Technology Council established under section 103(a); and the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Science; conduct cooperative research with industry, National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, and other research institutions to facilitate new quantum infrastructure methods and technologies, including— quantum-limited detectors, ultra-low loss optical channels, space-to-ground connections, and classical networking and cybersecurity protocols; entanglement and hyper-entangled state sources and transmission, control, and measurement of quantum states; quantum interconnects that allow short range local connections between quantum processors; transducers for quantum sources and signals between optical and telecommunications regimes and quantum computer-relevant domains, including microwaves; development of quantum memory buffers and small-scale quantum computers that are compatible with photon-based quantum bits in the optical or telecommunications wavelengths; long-range entanglement distribution at both the terrestrial and space-based level using quantum repeaters, allowing entanglement-based protocols between small- and large scale quantum processors; quantum routers, multiplexers, repeaters, and related technologies necessary to create secure long-distance quantum communication; and integration of systems across the quantum technology stack into traditional computing networks, including the development of remote controlled, high performance, and reliable implementations of key quantum network components by leveraging the expertise, infrastructure and supplemental investments in the Energy Sciences Network User Facility; engage with the Quantum Economic Development Consortium (QED–C) to transition component technologies to help facilitate as appropriate the development of a quantum supply chain for quantum network technologies; advance basic research in advanced scientific computing, particle and nuclear physics, and material science to enhance the understanding, prediction, and manipulation of materials, processes, and physical phenomena relevant to quantum network infrastructure; develop experimental tools and testbeds in collaboration with the Department of Energy’s Energy Sciences Network User Facility necessary to support cross-cutting fundamental research and development activities with diverse stakeholders from industry, National Laboratories, and institutions of higher education; and consider quantum network infrastructure applications that span the Department of Energy’s missions in energy, environment, and national security. In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall leverage resources, infrastructure, and expertise across the Department of Energy and from— the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the National Science Foundation; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; other relevant Federal agencies; the National Laboratories; industry stakeholders; institutions of higher education; and the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers. Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of the America COMPETES Act of 2022 , the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate, a 4-year research plan that identifies and prioritizes basic research needs relating to quantum network infrastructure. The Secretary shall review activities carried out under this section to determine the achievement of technical milestones. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Department of Energy’s Office of Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this section, $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. The Secretary of Energy (referred to in this section as the Secretary ) shall establish and carry out a program (to be known as the Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology program or QUEST program ) to encourage and facilitate access to United States quantum computing hardware and quantum computing clouds for research purposes to— enhance the United States quantum research enterprise; educate the future quantum computing workforce; and accelerate the advancement of United States quantum computing capabilities. In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall— coordinate with— the Director of the National Science Foundation; the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the Chair of the Subcommittee on Quantum Information Science of the National Science and Technology Council established under section 103(a); and the Chair of the Subcommittee on the Economic and Security Implications of Quantum Science; provide researchers based within the United States with access to, and use of, United States quantum computing resources through a competitive, merit-reviewed process; consider applications from the National Laboratories, multi-institutional collaborations, institutions of higher education, industry stakeholders, and any other entities that the Secretary determines are appropriate to provide national leadership on quantum computing related issues; and consult and coordinate with private sector stakeholders, the user community, and interagency partners on program development and best management practices. In carrying out this section, the Secretary shall leverage resources and expertise across the Department of Energy and from— the National Institute of Standards and Technology; the National Science Foundation; the National Aeronautics and Space Administration; other relevant Federal agencies; the National Laboratories; industry stakeholders; institutions of higher education; and the National Quantum Information Science Research Centers. In carrying out the activities authorized by this section, the Secretary, in consultation with the Director of the National Science Foundation and the Director of the National Institute of Standards and Technology, shall ensure proper security controls are in place to protect sensitive information, as appropriate. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Department of Energy’s Office of Science, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this section— $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; $90,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and $100,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. It is the sense of Congress that machine learning algorithms can exhibit biases that cause harm to historically marginalized communities. In leveraging high-performance computing systems for research purposes, including through the use of machine learning algorithms for data analysis, the Secretary shall ensure that such capabilities are employed in a manner that mitigates and, to the maximum extent practicable, avoids harmful algorithmic bias and equitably addresses challenges impacting different populations, including historically marginalized communities. . The table of contents in section 1(b) of the National Quantum Initiative Act is amended by inserting after the item relating to section 402 the following items: Sec. 403. Department of energy quantum network infrastructure research and development program. Sec. 404. Department of energy quantum user expansion for science and technology program. .
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Sec. 10104
Advanced scientific computing research program
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