Sec. 10102. Basic energy sciences program
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Section 303 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act ( 42 U.S.C. 18641 ) is amended— by redesignating subsections
(a)through
(e)as subsections
(c)through (g), respectively; and by inserting before subsection (c), as so redesignated, the following: As part of the activities authorized under section 209 of the Department of Energy Organization Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7139 ), the Director shall carry out a research and development program in basic energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, geosciences, and other disciplines, to understand, model, and control matter and energy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels in order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies, address scientific grand challenges, and support the energy, environment, and national security missions of the Department. In carrying out chemistry-related research and development activities under this section, the Director shall prioritize research and development of sustainable chemistry to support clean, safe, and economic alternatives and methodologies to traditional chemical products and processes. ; in subsection (d), as so redesignated— in paragraph (3)— subparagraph (C), by striking and at the end; by redesignating subparagraph
(D)as subparagraph (E); and by inserting after subparagraph
(C)the following: autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis and characterization facilities that leverage advances in artificial intelligence; and ; and by adding at the end the following: In this paragraph: The term flux means the rate of flow of photons. The term hard x-ray means a photon with energy greater than 20 kiloelectron volts. The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades , including the development of a multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and a suite of beamlines optimized for this source. The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before March 31, 2026. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph $101,000,000 for fiscal year 2022 and $56,000,000 for fiscal year 2023. The Secretary shall provide for the proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron Source. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term proton power upgrade means the Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described in— the publication titled Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook , published by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy in December, 2003; the publication titled Four Years Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook , published by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy in August, 2007; and the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades . The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before July 30, 2028, with the option for early operation in 2025. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph $49,800,000 for fiscal year 2022. The Secretary shall provide for a second target station for the Spallation Neutron Source. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term second target station means the Spallation Neutron Source second target station described in— the publication titled, Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook , published by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy in December, 2003; the publication titled, Four Years Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook , published by the Office of Science of the Department of Energy in August, 2007; and the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades . The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the second target station under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2033, with the option for early operation in 2029. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this paragraph, including construction— $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $127,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $204,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; $279,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and $300,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. In this paragraph: The term flux means the rate of flow of photons. The term soft x-ray means a photon with energy in the range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts. The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades , including the development of a multibend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region. The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before September 30, 2029. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— $75,100,000 for fiscal year 2022; $135,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $102,500,000 for fiscal year 2024; $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2026. In this paragraph: The term high energy x-ray means a photon with an energy in the 5 to 13 kiloelectron volt range. The term high repetition rate means the delivery of x-ray pulses up to 1 million pulses per second. The term ultra-short pulse x-rays means x-ray bursts capable of durations of less than 100 femtoseconds. The Secretary shall— provide for the upgrade to the Linac Coherent Light Source II facility described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades , including the development of experimental capabilities for high energy x-rays to reveal fundamental scientific discoveries; and ensure such upgrade enables the production and use of high energy, ultra-short pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition rate. The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2026. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— $106,925,000 for fiscal year 2022; $125,925,000 for fiscal year 2023; $115,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; $89,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; and $49,344,000 for fiscal year 2026. The Secretary shall provide for the construction of a cryomodule repair and maintenance facility to service the Linac Coherent Light Source II and upgrades to the facility. The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, universities, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this facility has the capability to maintain, repair, and test superconducting radiofrequency accelerator components. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities under this paragraph— $19,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and $17,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. The Secretary shall provide for the recapitalization of the Nanoscale Science Research Centers, to include the upgrade of equipment at each Center supported by the Office of Science on the date of enactment of the America COMPETES Act of 2022 , to accelerate advances in the various fields of science including nanoscience, materials, chemistry, biology, and quantum information science. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the recapitalization under this paragraph— $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $30,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and $20,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. ; and by adding at the end the following: The Director shall support a program of research and development for the application of advanced computing practices to foundational and emerging research problems in chemistry and materials science. Research activities shall include— chemical catalysis research and development; the use of large data sets to model materials phenomena, including through advanced characterization of materials, materials synthesis, processing, and innovative use of experimental and theoretical data; co-design of chemical system and chemistry modeling software with advanced computing systems and hardware technologies; and modeling of chemical processes, assemblies, and reactions such as molecular dynamics and quantum chemistry, including through novel computing methods. In carrying out the activities authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall select and establish up to six computational materials and chemical sciences centers to— develop open-source, robust, and validated computational codes and user-friendly software, coupled with innovative use of experimental and theoretical data, to enable the design, discovery, and development of new materials and chemical systems; and focus on overcoming challenges and maximizing the benefits of exascale and other high performance computing underpinned by accelerated node technologies. The Director shall select centers under subparagraph
(A)on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Director shall consider applications from the National Laboratories, institutes of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities. A center selected under subparagraph
(A)shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of that center, subject to the availability of appropriations. A center already in existence on the date of enactment of the America COMPETES Act of 2022 may continue to receive support for a period of not more than 5 years beginning on the date of establishment of that center. Upon the expiration of any period of support of a center under this subsection, the Director may renew support for the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years. Consistent with the existing authorities of the Department, the Director may terminate an underperforming center for cause during the performance period. The Director shall support the development of a web-based platform to develop and provide access to a database of computed information on known and predicted materials properties and computational tools to accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design. In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall— conduct cooperative research with industry, academia, and other research institutions to advance understanding, prediction, and manipulation of materials and facilitate the design of novel materials; develop and maintain data infrastructure at user facilities that generate data to collect, analyze, label, and otherwise prepare the data for inclusion in the database; leverage existing high performance computing systems to conduct high throughput calculations, and develop computational and data mining algorithms for the prediction of material properties; strengthen the foundation for new technologies and advanced manufacturing; and drive the development of advanced materials for applications that span the Department’s missions in energy, environment, and national security. In carrying out this subsection, the Director shall leverage programs and activities across the Department, including computational materials and chemical sciences centers established under subsection (h). Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (j), there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities under this subsection $10,000,000 for each of the fiscal years 2022 through 2026. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the activities described in this section— $2,727,705,000 for fiscal year 2022; $2,828,896,600 for fiscal year 2023; $3,019,489,612 for fiscal year 2024; $3,161,698,885 for fiscal year 2025; and $3,291,651,600 for fiscal year 2026. . Section 973 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16313 ) is amended— in subsection (b), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated for Basic Energy Sciences, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. ; and in subsection (c), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated in section 316 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. . Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16315 ) is amended— in subsection (b), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated for Basic Energy Sciences, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. ; in subsection (c), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated in section 316 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. ; and in subsection (d), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated in section 316 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for carrying out activities under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2022 through 2026. .
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