Sec. 10105. Fusion energy research
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Section 307 of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act ( 42 U.S.C. 18645 ) is amended— in subsection (b)— in paragraph (2), by redesignating subparagraphs
(A)and
(B)as clauses
(i)and (ii), respectively, and indenting appropriately; by redesignating paragraphs
(1)and
(2)as subparagraphs
(A)and (B), respectively, and indenting appropriately; in the matter preceding subparagraph
(A)(as so redesignated), by striking As part of and inserting the following: As part of ; and by adding at the end the following: Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under subsection (q), there is authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out activities described in paragraph
(1)$50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2023 through 2027. ; in subsection (d)(3)— by striking
(o)and inserting
(q); by striking subsection
(d)and inserting this subsection ; and by striking 2025 and inserting 2027 ; in subsection (e)(4)— by striking
(o)and inserting
(q); by striking subsection
(e)and inserting this subsection ; and by striking 2025 and inserting 2027 ; in subsection (i)(10)— in the matter preceding subparagraph (A)— by striking
(o)and inserting
(q); and by striking subsection
(i)and inserting this subsection ; in subparagraph (D), by striking and at the end; in subparagraph (E), by striking the period at the end and inserting a semicolon; and by adding at the end the following: $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and $45,000,000 for fiscal year 2027. ; by striking subsection
(j)and inserting the following: Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of the Research and Development, Competition, and Innovation Act, the Director shall establish not less than 2 national teams described in paragraph
(2)that shall— develop conceptual pilot plant designs and technology roadmaps; and create an engineering design of a pilot plant that will bring fusion to commercial viability. A national team referred to in paragraph
(1)shall— be composed of developers, manufacturers, universities, National Laboratories, and representatives of the engineering, procurement, and construction industries; and include public-private partnerships. Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for Fusion Energy Sciences in a fiscal year, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out this subsection— $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; and $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2027. ; by redesignating subsection
(o)as subsection (r); by inserting after subsection
(n)the following: The Secretary shall carry out a program to conduct and support collaborative research, development, and demonstration of fusion energy technologies, through high-performance computation modeling and simulation techniques, in order— to support fundamental research in plasmas and matter at very high temperatures and densities; to inform the development of a broad range of fusion energy systems; and to facilitate the translation of research results in fusion energy science to industry. In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall coordinate with relevant Federal agencies, and prioritize the following objectives: To use expertise from the private sector, institutions of higher education, and the National Laboratories to leverage existing, and develop new, computational software and capabilities that prospective users may use to accelerate research and development of fusion energy systems. To develop computational tools to simulate and predict fusion energy science phenomena that may be validated through physical experimentation. To increase the utility of the research infrastructure of the Department by coordinating with the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program within the Office of Science. To leverage experience from existing modeling and simulation entities sponsored by the Department. To ensure that new experimental and computational tools are accessible to relevant research communities, including private sector entities engaged in fusion energy technology development. To ensure that newly developed computational tools are compatible with modern virtual engineering and visualization capabilities to accelerate the realization of fusion energy technologies and systems. The Secretary shall ensure the coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the activities of the program under paragraph
(1)with the activities of— other research entities of the Department, including the National Laboratories, the Advanced Research Projects Agency—Energy, and the Advanced Scientific Computing Research program within the Office of Science; and industry. In carrying out the program under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall, in coordination with the Innovation Network for Fusion Energy, establish and operate a national High-Performance Computing for Fusion Innovation Center (referred to in this paragraph as the Center ), to support the program under paragraph
(1)by providing, to the extent practicable, a centralized entity for multidisciplinary, collaborative, fusion energy research and development through high-performance computing and advanced data analytics technologies and processes. An entity eligible to serve as the Center shall be— a National Laboratory; an institution of higher education; a multi-institutional collaboration; or any other entity that the Secretary determines to be appropriate. To be eligible to serve as the Center, an eligible entity shall submit to the Secretary an application at such time, in such manner, and containing such information as the Secretary may require. The Secretary shall select the Center on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Center may incorporate existing research activities that are consistent with the program under paragraph (1). The Center shall prioritize activities that utilize expertise and infrastructure from a balance among the private sector, institutions of higher education, and the National Laboratories to enhance existing computation tools and develop new computational software and capabilities to accelerate the commercial application of fusion energy systems. The Secretary may enter into contracts with commercial cloud computing providers to ensure that resource availability within the Department is not reduced or disproportionately distributed as a result of Center activities. Subject to subparagraph (G), the Center shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the availability of appropriations. On the expiration of the period of support of the Center under subparagraph (F), the Secretary may renew support for the Center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years. The Secretary shall construct a Material Plasma Exposure Experiment facility as described in the 2020 publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee entitled Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas . The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that the facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs for steady state, high-heat-flux, and plasma-material interaction testing of fusion materials over a range of fusion energy relevant parameters. The Secretary shall ensure that the facility described in paragraph
(1)will provide the following capabilities: A magnetic field at the target of 1 Tesla. An energy flux at the target of 10 MW/m 2 . The ability to expose previously irradiated plasma facing material samples to plasma. The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facility described in paragraph
(1)occurs before December 31, 2027. Of the funds authorized to be appropriated for Fusion Energy Sciences, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for the Office of Fusion Energy Sciences to complete construction of the facility described in paragraph (1)— $21,895,000 for fiscal year 2023; and $3,800,000 for fiscal year 2024. The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Matter in Extreme Conditions endstation at the Linac Coherent Light Source as described in the 2020 publication approved by the Fusion Energy Sciences Advisory Committee entitled Powering the Future: Fusion and Plasmas . The Secretary shall consult with the private sector, institutions of higher education, National Laboratories, and relevant Federal agencies to ensure that this facility is capable of meeting Federal research needs for understanding physical and chemical changes to plasmas at fundamental timescales, and explore new regimes of dense material physics, astrophysics, planetary physics, and short-pulse laser-plasma interactions. The Secretary shall, subject to the availability of appropriations, ensure that the start of full operations of the facility described in paragraph
(1)occurs before December 31, 2028. ; and in subsection
(r)(as so redesignated)— by striking There and inserting Out of funds authorized to be appropriated for the Office of Science in a fiscal year, there ; and by striking paragraphs
(3)through
(5)and inserting the following: $1,025,500,400 for fiscal year 2023; $1,043,489,724 for fiscal year 2024; $1,053,266,107 for fiscal year 2025; $1,047,962,074 for fiscal year 2026; and $1,114,187,798 for fiscal year 2027. . Section 972(c)(3) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16312(c)(3) ) is amended— in subparagraph (A), by striking and at the end; and by striking subparagraph
(B)and inserting the following: $379,700,000 for fiscal year 2023; $419,250,000 for fiscal year 2024; $415,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; $370,500,000 for fiscal year 2026; and $411,078,000 for fiscal year 2027. .
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