Sec. 111. National Academy of Sciences review
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/bill/117/hr/1512/ih/section-111A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.
The Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency shall seek to enter into an agreement with the National Academy of Sciences under which the Academy agrees to— conduct a study on matters concerning the national goal of achieving net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050; not later than 3 years after the date of entry into such agreement, complete such study and submit to the Congress and the Administrator a report on the results of such study that includes— the metrics by which the achievement of such goal should be determined; and a method to determine progress toward and success in reaching such goal; and not later than 5 years after the submission of such report, submit a followup report assessing— the effectiveness of the metrics and method recommended in the report pursuant to subparagraphs
(A)and
(B)of paragraph
(2)in evaluating progress toward reaching such goal; the implementation by the Environmental Protection Agency of such metrics and method, and of other recommendations in such report; and the progress made towards the national goal declared by section 101(2) and all interim goals recommended to Congress by the Administrator pursuant to section 105. The Administrator shall seek to enter into the agreement described in subsection
(a)not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act. The study and report pursuant to paragraphs
(1)and
(2)of subsection
(a)shall— provide comprehensive metrics to measure lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions by sector and, where appropriate, major subsector, including— industry; electricity and heat production; transportation; buildings; agriculture, forestry, and other land use; and other sectors or major subsectors selected by the Academy; provide methodologies, inputs, measurements, techniques, and equations to calculate lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions for each sector for which metrics are provided pursuant to paragraph
(1)and, as the Academy deems appropriate, each major subsector for which such metrics are provided; identify limitations when evaluating and selecting metrics to calculate lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions, and any challenges relevant to calculating lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions; review and synthesize relevant existing assessments of lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions for each sector for which metrics are provided pursuant to paragraph
(1)and, as the Academy deems appropriate, each major subsector for which such metrics are provided, including assessments produced by— the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change; nongovernmental entities, nonprofit organizations, and academic institutions; private actors; domestic and international government actors; and other international organizations; assess existing metrics and methodologies for accounting for negative emissions and sinks; and provide a methodology to use lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions metrics to determine sector- and major subsector-specific progress toward the national goal, including balancing emission sources, negative emissions, and sinks. The study and report pursuant to paragraphs
(1)and
(2)of subsection
(a)shall identify actions that could be taken to— improve scientific understanding key to assessing progress toward and success in achieving the national goal of net-zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050; improve the measurement of lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions; and improve the accounting of negative emissions and sinks. In this section: The term Academy means the National Academy of Sciences. The term Administrator means the Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. The term lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions means the aggregate quantity of greenhouse gas emissions (including direct emissions and significant indirect emissions such as significant emissions from land-use changes), as determined by the Academy over the full lifecycle of the respective greenhouse gases, across all stages of a given sector or major subsector’s supply chain, where the mass values for all greenhouse gases are adjusted to account for their relative global warming potential and residence time. The term negative emissions means greenhouse gases permanently removed from the atmosphere, other than biogenic removals through land-use and forestry practices. The term sinks means a reservoir of greenhouse gases removed from the atmosphere through land-use and forestry practices, consistent with the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) national inventory accounting guidelines.