Sec. 133. Funding for quantum computing and consortial quantum research and development
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Congress makes the following findings: United States leadership in quantum computing is vital for science, society, the economy, and national security. It is in the national interest for the Federal Government to foster continued growth of the United States quantum computing innovation ecosystem. Federal Government investment in the efforts of institutions of higher education and industry to research, develop, demonstrate, and produce critical technologies and to establish successful domestic companies is essential to national and economic security and to the global leadership of the United States.
Not later than 90 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy, acting through the Director of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy and in consultation with appropriate officials from other government organizations, shall establish a competitive, merit-based program to provide researchers access to quantum computing resources via the cloud so as— to enhance the United States quantum research enterprise; to stimulate the United States quantum computing industry; to educate the future quantum computing workforce; to accelerate advancement of quantum computer capabilities; and to develop requirements, applications, and algorithms to determine and exploit the utility of noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers
(NISQ)and state of the art quantum computers. The program established under paragraph
(1)shall be referred to as the Quantum User Expansion for Science and Technology (in this subsection referred to as the Program ). The Secretary shall administer the Program in consultation with private sector stakeholders, the user community, and interagency partners, including the National Science Foundation, the National Institute of Standards and Technology and the Department of Defense. The Program shall include and focus on soliciting, considering, selecting, and funding applications primarily from United States-based researchers for access to and use of cloud-based quantum computing resources. Applications for funding under subparagraph
(B)shall be assessed on the basis of the following: Scientific merit. Societal, economic, or security impact. The need to access quantum computing resources. Not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to Congress a report on the status of the Program. There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out the Program $100,000,000 in fiscal year 2021. There is authorized to be appropriated to the National Institute of Standards and Technology $100,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2021 through 2025 for— the Quantum Economic Development Consortium established under section 201 of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8831 ); and awards based on recommendations of the Quantum Economic Development Consortium that enable and grow a robust United States quantum industry and supply chain to maintain United States leadership in the field of quantum computing. Section 201(c) of the National Quantum Initiative Act ( 15 U.S.C. 8831(c) ) shall not apply to use of amounts appropriated pursuant to subparagraph (A). The Secretary of Defense shall— award at least 2 grants to industry-led teams, which may include academic and other research entities, with the goal of building fully error-corrected, fault-tolerant quantum computers before the date that is 5 years after the date of the enactment of this Act; establish cost-sharing criteria for each such award; and develop milestones and exit criteria for each such award to measure progress, including by requiring applicants to propose tangible milestones to achieving the goal of building fully error-corrected, fault-tolerant quantum computers as close to the 5-year goal timeframe as possible. To make steady progress in the field of quantum computing, the Secretary of Defense shall provide stable funding on a competitive basis during the 10-year period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act— for the development of requirements, applications, and algorithms to determine and exploit the utility of noisy intermediate-scale quantum
(NISQ)computers that are available as of the day before the date of the enactment of this Act; and for access to intermediate-scale quantum computers for government, academic, and commercial researchers and developers. Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act and not less frequently than once each year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the President and Congress a report on the progress of the activities required under this section and alterations of previous plans for the future. There is authorized to be appropriated to carry out this subsection $1,500,000,000 for the period of fiscal years 2021 through 2031.
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Sec. 133
Funding for quantum computing and consortial quantum research and development
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