Sec. 304. Establishment of a tech coalition
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It is the sense of Congress that— the United States and its allies and partners should collaborate to advance and encourage the use of international technical standards for new and emerging technologies; widespread acceptance of international standards— improves the quality of technologies; reduces barriers to market access for technology companies; and ensures the global interoperability of products and services; the United States and its allies and partners should lead in defining and upholding norms for the responsible and ethical development and use of new and emerging technologies, including— cybersecurity technologies; artificial intelligence; next-generation telecommunications; semiconductors; quantum computing; biotechnology; the internet; and the Internet of Things; the United States should collaborate with allies and partners to work internationally to promote an open, interoperable, secure, and reliable information and communications infrastructure that supports international trade and commerce, strengthens international security, and fosters free expression and innovation in which norms of responsible behavior guide states’ actions, sustain partnerships, and support the rule of law in cyberspace, as stated in the United States International Strategy for Cyberspace, which was issued in May 2011; as stated in the National Cyber Strategy of the United States of America, issued in September 2018, [i]nternational law and voluntary non-binding norms of responsible state behavior in cyberspace provide stabilizing, security-enhancing standards that define acceptable behavior to all states and promote greater predictability and stability in cyberspace. … Increased public affirmation by the United States and other governments will lead to accepted expectations of state behavior and thus contribute to greater predictability and stability in cyberspace. ; the United States and its allies and partners— should be at the forefront of— promoting and sustaining a multi-stakeholder model for internet governance; and defining standards and norms in the use of emerging technologies; should develop norms for the responsible and ethical development and use of technology, in consultation with the private sectors, academic institutions, international organizations, and other relevant experts; and must collaborate to advance appropriate confidence-building measures between states regarding the development of new and emerging technologies, which will create a framework for cooperation and promote greater stability in cyberspace; the private sector must continue to play the leading role in— developing and deploying new and emerging technologies; advancing international technical standards in appropriate standards-setting institutions; and sharing responsibility for implementing norms and standards; the United States should ensure a coordinated approach across the entire Federal Government for advocating for international standards and norms relevant to new and emerging technologies; the United States Government should review how it can best support private sector-led initiatives to set new international standards and norms; and the establishment of a technology coalition between the United States and interested, like-minded partners is necessary to uphold existing, and to establish new, standards and norms that will sustain an open internet, safeguard free and open societies, and set the standards for new and emerging technologies.
In this section, the term appropriate congressional committees means— the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate ; and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives . The President should seek to establish a coalition of countries that are committed to— the safe and responsible development and use of new and emerging technologies and the establishment of related norms and standards; a secure internet architecture governed by a multi-stakeholder model instead of centralized government control; robust international cooperation to promote an open internet and interoperable technological products and services that are necessary to freedom, innovation, transparency, and privacy; and multilateral coordination, including through diplomatic initiatives, information sharing, and other activities, to defend the principles described in paragraphs
(1)through
(3)against efforts by state and non-state actors to undermine them. The President, acting through the Secretary of State, should undertake regular efforts to coordinate with other members of the coalition established pursuant to subsection (c)— to establish and advocate for norms, standards, and regulations to ensure that the development and application of new and emerging technologies uphold the goals of shared prosperity, security, and commitment to human rights, including through engagement in international organizations and standards-setting bodies, such as— the International Organization for Standardization; the Internet Engineering Task Force; the Internet Electrotechnical Commission; the United Nations International Telecommunication Union; the United Nations Internet Governance Forum; the United Nations Group of Governmental Experts on Developments in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the Context of International Security (UN CGE); the United Nations Open-Ended Working Group on Developments in the Field of Information and Telecommunications in the Context of International Security; the United Nations Commission on Science and Technology for Development (CSTD); the Directorate for Science, Technology and Innovation of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development; and other international standards organizations and multilateral norm-setting bodies, as appropriate; to support and expand adherence to international treaties and frameworks governing responsible behavior in cyberspace and the use of new and emerging technologies, including— the Council of Europe’s Convention on Cybercrime, done at Budapest November 23, 2001; the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe Decision 1202 on Confidence-Building Measures to Reduce the Risks of Conflict Stemming from the Use of Information and Communication Technologies, decided in Vienna March 10, 2016; the North Atlantic Treaty Organization Cyber Defense Pledge, done in Warsaw July 8, 2016; the G7 Declaration of Responsible States Behavior in Cyberspace, done in Lucca, Italy, April 11, 2017; the Prague Proposals, done in Prague May 3, 2019; and other relevant international frameworks, as appropriate; to support and expand adherence to international frameworks governing responsible regulation of new and emerging technologies to support international trade and economic development, including through World Trade Organization agreements, such as— the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade, done at Geneva April 12, 1979; the General Agreement on Trade in Services (entered in force January 1, 1995); and agreements by the United Nations Working Group on Electronic Commerce; to coordinate export control policies, including through the Wassenaar Arrangement On Export Controls for Conventional Arms and Dual-Use Goods and Technologies, done at The Hague December 1995, supply chain security, and investment in or licensing of critical infrastructure and dual-use technologies; to coordinate basic and pre-competitive research and development initiatives and to pool resources and talent to pursue opportunities in artificial intelligence, semiconductors, quantum computing, and other industries; to coordinate, as appropriate, dialogues and other initiatives between United States domestic regulatory agencies, States, local governments, private sector entities, and nongovernmental organizations, with their counterpart organizations in other countries that are members of the coalition established pursuant to subsection (c), on best practices in developing and upholding standards and norms for emerging technologies, including through the program established under section 301; and to deter state and non-state actors from engaging in malicious and illegal activities in cyberspace and from using new and emerging technologies in violation of the norms and standards described in this subsection. The Secretary of State, or the Secretary’s designee, shall semiannually brief the appropriate congressional committees regarding the activities described in subsection (d). Such briefings shall include representatives from other Federal agencies who participate in such activities, as appropriate. The text of any agreement concluded under the authorities provided under this section shall be submitted to the Committee on Foreign Relations of the Senate and the Committee on Foreign Affairs of the House of Representatives not later than 60 days after any notice of intent to be formally bound by the terms of such agreement. Each agreement described in paragraph
(1)shall be legally effective and binding upon the United States, in accordance with the terms provided in the agreement, beginning on— the date on which appropriate implementing legislation is enacted into law, which shall provide for the approval of the specific agreement or agreements, including attachments, annexes, and supporting documentation; or if the agreement is concluded and submitted as a treaty, the date on which such treaty is ratified by the Senate.