Sec. 106. Department of Energy Critical Minerals Research and Development Program
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The Secretary of Energy shall carry out a crosscutting research and development program to accelerate innovation in advanced critical minerals development strategies and technologies for the purpose of making better use of domestic resources and eliminating national reliance on minerals and mineral materials that are subject to supply disruptions. In carrying out this program, the Secretary of Energy shall— develop innovative technologies and practices to diversify commercially viable domestic sources of critical minerals and identify new uses for co-products and by-products; advance new mapping and mining technologies and techniques that can accelerate the robust characterization of domestic critical minerals resources, including advanced critical mineral extraction, production, separation, alloying, or processing technologies that can decrease the energy intensity, potential environmental impact and costs of those activities; identify and develop alternative minerals, metals, and replacement materials that lessen the need for critical minerals, particularly those available in abundance within the United States and not subject to supply disruptions, and design new systems to use these alternatives; advance new technologies and techniques to support the economically viable manufacturing, recycling, and reuse of critical minerals; and develop advanced theoretical, computational, and experimental tools necessary to support the crosscutting basic research and development needs of diverse critical minerals stakeholders.
In carrying out the program under subsection
(a)the Secretary of Energy shall leverage resources and expertise across the Department and from— Federal agencies; National Laboratories; critical mineral producers; critical mineral processors; critical mineral manufacturers; trade associations; academic institutions; small businesses; and other relevant entities or individuals. Not later than 2 years after the date of the enactment of this Act the Secretary of Energy shall conduct a review of activities carried out under this program described in subsection
(a)to determine the achievement of technical milestones established in subsection (f). No funds allocated to the program described in subsection
(a)may be obligated or expended for commercial application of energy technology. Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Energy shall establish and operate a Critical Minerals Consortium (referred to in this section as the Consortium ) for the purpose of supporting the program under subsection
(a)by providing, to the maximum extent practicable, a centralized entity for multidisciplinary, collaborative, critical minerals research and development. The members of the Consortium shall be representatives from relevant Federal agencies, the National Laboratories, institutions of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities. The Consortium shall— develop and implement a multi-year program plan which includes the determination of technical goals and milestones and prioritizes leveraging of the user facilities, high-performance computing capabilities, and expertise of the Department of Energy and the National Laboratories; and submit an annual report to the Secretary of Energy summarizing the activities of the Consortium which includes an evaluation of the Consortium’s role in the achievement of technical milestones determined in subparagraph (A). The Secretary of Energy shall ensure the coordination of, and avoid unnecessary duplication of, the activities of the Consortium with the activities of other research entities of the Department, institutions of higher education, and the private sector. The Consortium established under this subsection shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the availability of appropriations. Upon the expiration of any period of support of the Consortium, the Secretary of Energy may renew support for the Consortium, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years. Consistent with the existing authorities of the Department, the Secretary of Energy may terminate the Consortium for cause during the performance period. Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this Act, and annually thereafter, the Secretary of Energy shall submit to Congress a report summarizing the activities, findings, and progress of the program. There are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary of Energy $135,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2030 to carry out this section.