Sec. 103. Temporary moratorium on eviction filings
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The Congress finds that— according to the 2018 American Community Survey, 36 percent of households in the United States—more than 43 million households—are renters; in 2019 alone, renters in the United States paid $512 billion in rent; according to the Joint Center for Housing Studies of Harvard University, 20.8 million renters in the United States spent more than 30 percent of their incomes on housing in 2018 and 10.9 million renters spent more than 50 percent of their incomes on housing in the same year;
Moody’s Analytics estimates that 27 million jobs in the U.S. economy are at high risk because of COVID-19; the impacts of the spread of COVID-19, which is now considered a global pandemic, are expected to negatively impact the incomes of potentially millions of renter households, making it difficult for them to pay their rent on time; and evictions in the current environment would increase homelessness and housing instability which would be counterproductive towards the public health goals of keeping individuals in their homes to the greatest extent possible.
During the period beginning on the date of the enactment of this Act and ending on the date described in paragraph
(1)of subsection (d), the lessor of a covered dwelling may not make, or cause to be made, any filing with the court of jurisdiction to initiate a legal action to recover possession of the covered dwelling from the tenant regardless of cause, except when a tenant perpetrates a serious criminal act that threatens the health, life, or safety of other tenants, owners, or staff of the property in which the covered dwelling is located. For purposes of this section, the following definitions shall apply: The term covered dwelling means a dwelling that is occupied by a tenant— pursuant to a residential lease; or without a lease or with a lease terminable at will under State law. The term dwelling has the meaning given such term in section 802 of the Fair Housing Act ( 42 U.S.C. 3602 ) and includes houses and dwellings described in section 803(b) of such Act ( 42 U.S.C. 3603(b) ). The date described in this paragraph is the date of the expiration of the 6-month period that begins upon the termination by the Federal Emergency Management Agency of the emergency declared on March 13, 2020, by the President under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 4121 et seq.) relating to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. After the date described in paragraph (1), the lessor of a covered dwelling may not require the tenant to vacate the covered dwelling before the expiration of the 30-day period that begins upon the provision by the lessor to the tenant, after the date described in paragraph (1), of a notice to vacate the covered dwelling.
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