Tap any paragraph to write a margin note. Your notes collect in the Desk below the text and file under cases with @. The side-by-side margin rail opens on a larger screen.

§
Marginalia
Code · BILL · 116th Congress · H.R. 5685 (Introduced in House) — To invest in basic scientific research and support technology innovation for the economic and national security of th... · Sec. 707

Sec. 707. Civil penalties

452 words·~2 min read·/bill/116/hr/5685/ih/section-707·

A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.

Any person organizing an expedition that the Director determines, after notice and an opportunity for a hearing, to have failed to comply with the requirements of this subtitle, or its implementing regulations, shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty. The amount of the civil penalty shall not exceed $125,000 for each violation unless the prohibited act was knowingly committed, in which case the amount of the civil penalty shall not exceed $250,000 for each violation.
Each day an expedition remains in Antarctica without complying with the requirements of this subtitle shall constitute a separate offense for penalty purposes. The amount of any civil penalty shall be assessed by the Director by written notice. Any civil penalty assessed under this subsection may be remitted or mitigated by the Director. Hearings for the assessment of civil penalties under subsection
(a)shall be conducted in accordance with section 554 of title 5, United States Code. For the purposes of conducting any such hearing, the Director may issue subpoenas for the attendance and testimony of witnesses and the production of relevant papers, books, and documents, and may administer oaths. Witnesses summoned shall be paid the same fees and mileage that are paid to witnesses in the courts of the United States. In case of contumacy or refusal to obey a subpoena served upon any person pursuant to this subsection, the district court of the United States for any district in which such person is found, resides, or transacts business, upon application by the United States and after notice to such person, shall have jurisdiction to issue an order requiring such person to appear and give testimony before the Director or to appear and produce documents before the Director, or both, and any failure to obey such order of the court may be punished by such court as a contempt thereof. Upon the failure of any person against whom a civil penalty is assessed under subsection
(a)of this section to pay such penalty, the Director may request the Attorney General to institute a civil action in a district court of the United States for any district in which such person is found, resides, or transacts business to collect the penalty and such court shall have jurisdiction to hear and decide any such action. The court shall hear such action on the record made before the Director and shall sustain the decision of the Director if it is supported by substantial evidence on the record considered as a whole. The assessment of a civil penalty under subsection
(a)of this section for any act shall not be deemed to preclude the assessment of a civil penalty for such act under any other law.
★   the supreme law of the land   ★
Don't Tread on Me
E Pluribus Unum — out of many, one

"If you don't know your rights, you don't have any."

Marginalia · a citizen's law index
A research desk, not legal advice. Always read the cited source before relying on a summary.
Questions or an issue? support@self-law.org
disclaimerMarginalia is a research index, not a law firm. Nothing on this site is legal, tax, or financial advice and no attorney–client relationship is formed by using it. Statutes, regulations, and case law change; summaries, search results, AI output, and member posts may be incomplete, out of date, or wrong. Any interpretation drawn from material on this site should be validated by a licensed attorney in your jurisdiction before you act on it.