Sec. 202. Basic energy sciences
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The Director shall carry out a fundamental research program in basic energy sciences, including materials sciences and engineering, chemical sciences, physical biosciences, and geosciences, in order to provide the foundations for new energy technologies and to support Department missions in energy, environment, and national security. Section 303(b)(3) of the Department of Energy Research and Innovation Act ( 42 U.S.C. 18641 ) is amended— in subparagraph (C), by striking and ; by redesignating subparagraph
(D)as subparagraph (E); and by inserting after subparagraph
(C)the following: autonomous chemistry and materials synthesis facilities that leverage advances in artificial intelligence; and . The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Photon Source described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades , including the development of a multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the hard x-ray energy region and a suite of beamlines optimized for this source. In this paragraph: The term flux means the rate of flow of photons. The term hard x-ray means a photon with energy greater than 20 kiloelectron volts. The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before March 31, 2026. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— $170,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; $159,800,000 for fiscal year 2021; $106,200,000 for fiscal year 2022; and $5,000,000 for fiscal year 2023. The Secretary shall provide for a proton power upgrade to the Spallation Neutron Source. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term proton power upgrade means the Spallation Neutron Source power upgrade described in— the publication of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy titled Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook , published December 2003; the publication of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy titled Four Years Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook , published August 2007; and the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades . The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2025. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— $65,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; $44,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; and $35,000,000 for fiscal year 2022. The Secretary shall provide for a second target station for the Spallation Neutron Source. For the purposes of this paragraph, the term second target station means the Spallation Neutron Source second target station described in— the publication of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy titled Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook , published December 2003; the publication of the Office of Science of the Department of Energy titled Four Years Later: An Interim Report on Facilities for the Future of Science: A Twenty-Year Outlook , published August 2007; and the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades . The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full operations of the second target station under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2030, with the option for early operation in 2028. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out activities, including construction, under this paragraph— $15,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; $50,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $200,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2025; $275,000,000 for fiscal year 2026; $250,000,000 for fiscal year 2027; and $120,000,000 for fiscal year 2028. The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Advanced Light Source described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades , including the development of a multi-bend achromat lattice to produce a high flux of coherent x-rays within the soft x-ray energy region. In this paragraph: The term flux means the rate of flow of photons. The term soft x-ray means a photon with energy in the range from 50 to 2,000 electron volts. The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2026. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— $53,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; $67,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; $67,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $60,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $59,200,000 for fiscal year 2024; and $2,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. The Secretary shall provide for the upgrade to the Linac Coherent Light Source II facility described in the publication approved by the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee on June 9, 2016, titled Report on Facility Upgrades , including the development of experimental capabilities for high energy x-rays to reveal fundamental scientific discoveries. The Secretary shall ensure the upgrade under this paragraph enables the production and use of high energy, ultra-short pulse x-rays delivered at a high repetition rate. In this paragraph: The term high energy x-ray means a photon with an energy at or exceeding 12 kiloelectron volts. The term high repetition rate means the delivery of x-ray pulses up to 1 million pulses per second. The term ultra-short pulse x-rays means x-ray bursts capable of durations of less than 100 femtoseconds. The Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, ensure that the start of full operations of the upgrade under this paragraph occurs before December 31, 2025. Out of funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 for Basic Energy Science, there shall be made available to the Secretary to carry out the upgrade under this paragraph— $54,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; $64,000,000 for fiscal year 2021; $70,000,000 for fiscal year 2022; $80,000,000 for fiscal year 2023; $79,000,000 for fiscal year 2024; and $37,000,000 for fiscal year 2025. Subtitle G of title IX of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16311 et seq.) is amended— in section 973(b), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic Energy Science, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2029. No funds allocated to the program described in paragraph
(1)may be obligated or expended for commercial application of energy technology. ; and in section 975(c), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic Energy Science and Biological and Environmental Research, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2029. No funds allocated to the program described in paragraph
(1)may be obligated or expended for commercial application of energy technology. . Section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16315 ) is amended— in subsection (b), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic Energy Science, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities under this subsection $50,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2029. No funds allocated to the program described in paragraph
(1)may be obligated or expended for commercial application of energy technology. ; in subsection (c), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic Energy Science and Advanced Scientific Computing Research, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities under this subsection $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2029. No funds allocated to the program described in paragraph
(1)may be obligated or expended for commercial application of energy technology. ; and in subsection (d), by striking paragraph
(4)and inserting: From within funds authorized to be appropriated under section 209 of the Securing American Leadership in Science and Technology Act of 2020 for Basic Energy Science and Biological and Environmental Research, the Secretary shall make available for carrying out activities under this subsection $20,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2029. No funds allocated to the program described in paragraph
(1)may be obligated or expended for commercial application of energy technology. . The Director shall support a program of fundamental research for the application of advanced computing practices to foundational and emerging research problems in chemistry and materials science. In carrying out the activities authorized under paragraph (1), the Director shall select and establish up to four computational materials and chemistry science centers to develop open-source, robust, and validated computational codes and user-friendly software, coupled with innovative use of experimental and theoretical data, to enable the design, discovery, and development of new materials and chemical systems including chemical catalysis research and development. These centers shall also focus on overcoming challenges and maximizing the benefits of exascale and other high performance computing systems. The Director shall select centers under paragraph
(1)on a competitive, merit-reviewed basis. The Director shall consider applications from the National Laboratories, institutes of higher education, multi-institutional collaborations, and other appropriate entities. A center established under this subsection shall receive support for a period of not more than 5 years, subject to the availability of appropriations. Upon the expiration of any period of support of a center under this subsection, the Director may renew support for the center, on a merit-reviewed basis, for a period of not more than 5 years. Consistent with the existing authorities of the Department, the Director may terminate an underperforming center for cause during the performance period. The Director shall support the development of a web-based platform to provide access to a database of computed information on known and predicted materials properties and computational tools to accelerate breakthroughs in materials discovery and design. In carrying out this section, the Director shall— conduct cooperative research with industry, academia, and other research institutions to facilitate the design of novel materials; leverage existing high performance computing systems to conduct high-throughput calculations, and develop computational and data mining algorithms for the prediction of material properties; advance understanding, prediction, and manipulation of materials; strengthen the foundation for new technologies and advanced manufacturing; and drive the development of advanced materials for applications that span the Department’s missions in energy, environment, and national security. In carrying out this section, the Director shall leverage programs and activities across the Department.
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