Sec. 2. Grants to entities for establishment of hazard mitigation revolving loan funds
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Title II of the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 5131 et seq.) is amended by adding at the end the following: The Administrator may enter into agreements with eligible entities to make capitalization grants to such entities for the establishment of hazard mitigation revolving loan funds (referred to in this section as entity loan funds ) for providing funding assistance to local governments to carry out eligible projects under this section to reduce disaster risks for homeowners, businesses, nonprofit organizations, and communities in order to decrease— the loss of life and property; the cost of insurance claims; and Federal disaster payments.
Any agreement entered into under this section shall require the participating entity to— comply with the requirements of this section; and use accounting, audit, and fiscal procedures conforming to generally accepted accounting standards. To be eligible to receive a capitalization grant under this section, an eligible entity shall submit to the Administrator an application that includes the following: Project proposals comprised of local government hazard mitigation projects, on the condition that the entity provides public notice not less than 6 weeks prior to the submission of an application.
An assessment of recurring major disaster vulnerabilities impacting the entity that demonstrates an escalating risk to life and property. A description of how the hazard mitigation plan of the entity has or has not taken the vulnerabilities described in paragraph
(2)into account. A description about how the projects described in paragraph
(1)could conform with the hazard mitigation plans of the entity and local governments. A proposal of the systematic and regional approach to achieve resilience in a vulnerable area, including impacts to river basins, river corridors, watersheds, estuaries, bays, coastal regions, micro-basins, micro-watersheds, ecosystems, and areas at risk of earthquakes, tsunamis, droughts, and wildfires, including the wildland-urban interface. The Administrator shall provide technical assistance to eligible entities for applications under this section. An entity that receives a capitalization grant under this section shall establish an entity loan fund that complies with the requirements of this subsection. Except as provided in paragraph (3), an entity loan fund shall be administered by the agency responsible for emergency management for such entity and shall include only— funds provided by a capitalization grant under this section; repayments of loans under this section to the entity loan fund; and interest earned on amounts in the entity loan fund. A participating entity may combine the financial administration of the entity loan fund of such entity with the financial administration of any other revolving fund established by such entity if the Administrator determines that— the capitalization grant, entity share, repayments of loans, and interest earned on amounts in the entity loan fund are accounted for separately from other amounts in the revolving fund; and the authority to establish assistance priorities and carry out oversight activities remains in the control of the agency responsible for emergency management for the entity. On or before the date on which a participating entity receives a capitalization grant under this section, the entity shall deposit into the entity loan fund of such entity, an amount equal to not less than 10 percent of the amount of the capitalization grant. Except as otherwise provided by this subsection, the Administrator shall apportion funds made available to carry out this section to entities that have entered into an agreement under subsection (a)(2) in amounts as determined by the Administrator. The Administrator shall reserve not more than 2.5 percent of the amount made available to carry out this section for— administrative costs incurred in carrying out this section; and providing technical assistance to participating entities under subsection (b)(2). In the apportionment of capitalization grants under this subsection, the Administrator shall give priority to entity applications under subsection
(b)that— propose projects increasing resilience and reducing risk of harm to natural and built infrastructure; involve a partnership between 2 or more eligible entities to carry out a project or similar projects; take into account regional impacts of hazards on river basins, river corridors, micro-watersheds, macro-watersheds, estuaries, bays, coastal regions, and areas vulnerable to earthquake, drought, tsunamis and wildfire, including the wildland-urban interface; or propose projects for the resilience of major economic sectors or critical national infrastructure, including ports, global commodity supply chain assets (located within an entity or within the jurisdiction of local governments and tribal governments), capacity, power and water production and distribution centers, and bridges and waterways essential to interstate commerce. Amounts deposited in an entity loan fund, including loan repayments and interest earned on such amounts, may be used— to make loans, on the condition that— such loans are made at an interest rate of not more than 1.5 percent; annual principal and interest payments will commence not later than 1 year after completion of any project and all loans will be fully amortized— not later than 20 years after the date on which the project is completed; or for projects in a low-income geographic area, not later than 30 years after the date on which the projects is completed and not longer than the expected design life of the project; the local government receiving a loan establishes a dedicated source of revenue for repayment of the loan; the local government receiving a loan has a hazard mitigation plan that has been approved by the participating entity; and the entity loan fund will be credited with all payments of principal and interest on all loans; for mitigation planning, not to exceed 10 percent of the capitalization grants made to the participating entity in a fiscal year; for the reasonable costs of administering the fund and conducting activities under this section, except that such amounts shall not exceed $100,000 per year, 2 percent of the capitalization grants made to the participating entity in a fiscal year, or 1 percent of the value of the entity loan fund, whichever amount is greatest, plus the amount of any fees collected by the entity for such purpose regardless of the source; and to earn interest on the entity loan fund. In carrying out this section, Administrator may not determine that a loan is a duplication of assistance or a duplication of programs. Except as provided in this subsection, a participating entity may use funds in the entity loan fund to provide financial assistance for projects or activities that mitigate the impacts of hazards, including— drought and prolonged episodes of intense heat; severe storms, including tornados, wind storms, cyclones, and severe winter storms; wildfires; earthquakes; flooding, including the construction, repair, or replacement of a non-Federal levee or other flood control structure, provided the Administrator, in consultation with the Corps of Engineers (if appropriate), requires an eligible entity to determine that such levee or structure is designed, constructed, and maintained in accordance with sound engineering practices and standards equivalent to the purpose for which such levee or structure is intended; storm surges; chemical spills that present an imminent threat to life and property; seepage resulting from chemical spills and flooding; and any catastrophic event that the entity determines appropriate. A participating entity may use not more than 10 percent of the entity loan fund in a fiscal year to provide financial assistance for zoning and land use planning changes focused on— the development and improvement of zoning and land use codes that incentivize and encourage low-impact development, resilient wildland-urban interface land management and development, natural infrastructure, green stormwater management, conservation areas adjacent to floodplains, implementation of watershed or greenway master plans, and reconnection of floodplains; the study and creation of land use incentives that reward developers for greater reliance on low impact development stormwater best management practices, exchange density increases for increased open space and improvement of neighborhood catch basins to mitigate urban flooding, reward developers for including and augmenting natural infrastructure adjacent to and around building projects without reliance on increased sprawl, and reward developers for addressing wildfire ignition; and the study and creation of an erosion response plan that accommodates river, lake, forest, plains, and ocean shoreline retreating or bluff stabilization due to increased flooding and disaster impacts. For each fiscal year, a participating entity may use the amount described in paragraph (1)(C) to— pay the reasonable costs of administering the programs under this section, including the cost of establishing an entity loan fund; provide technical assistance to recipients of financial assistance from the entity loan fund, on the condition that such technical assistance does not exceed 5 percent of the capitalization grant made to such entity. A participating entity may not provide an amount equal to or more than $5,000,000 to a single hazard mitigation project. After providing for public comment and review, and consultation with appropriate agencies in an entity, Federal agencies, and interest groups, each participating entity shall annually prepare and submit to the Administrator a plan identifying the intended uses of the entity loan fund. An entity intended use plan prepared under paragraph
(1)shall include— the integration of entity planning efforts, including entity hazard mitigation plans and other programs and initiatives relating to mitigation of major disasters carried out by such entity; an explanation of the mitigation and resiliency benefits the entity intends to achieve by— reducing future damage and loss associated with hazards; reducing the number of severe repetitive loss structures and repetitive loss structures in the entity; decreasing the number of insurance claims in the entity from injuries resulting from major disasters or other hazards; and increasing the rating under the community rating system under section 1315(b) of the Housing and Urban Development Act of 1968 ( 42 U.S.C. 4022(b) ) for communities in the entity; information on the availability of, and application process for, financial assistance from the entity loan fund of such entity; the criteria and methods established for the distribution of funds; the amount of financial assistance that the entity anticipates apportioning; the expected terms of the assistance provided from the entity loan fund; and a description of the financial status of the entity loan fund, including short-term and long-term goals for the fund. Beginning not later than the last day of the second fiscal year after the receipt of payments under this section, and biennially thereafter, any participating entity shall— conduct an audit of such fund established under subsection (b); and provide to the Administrator a report including— the result of any such audit; and a review of the effectiveness of the entity loan fund of the entity with respect to meeting the goals and intended benefits described in the intended use plan submitted by the entity under subsection (e). A participating entity shall publish and periodically update information about all projects receiving funding from the entity loan fund of such entity, including— the location of the project; the type and amount of assistance provided from the entity loan fund; the expected funding schedule; and the anticipated date of completion of the project. The Administrator shall, at least every 4 years, conduct reviews and audits as may be determined necessary or appropriate by the Administrator to carry out the objectives of this section and determine the effectiveness of the fund in reducing hazard risk. The entity shall conduct audits under paragraph
(1)in accordance with the auditing procedures of the Government Accountability Office, including chapter 75 of title 31. The Administrator may at any time make recommendations for or require specific changes to an entity’s loan fund in order to improve the effectiveness of the fund. The Administrator shall issue such regulations or guidance as are necessary to— ensure that each participating entity uses funds as efficiently as possible; and reduce waste, fraud, and abuse to the maximum extent possible. Until such time as the Administrator issues regulations to implement this section, the Administrator may— waive notice and comment rulemaking, if the Administrator determines the waiver is necessary to expeditiously implement this section; and provide capitalization grants under this section as a pilot program. In this section, the following definitions apply: The term eligible entity means a State or an Indian tribal government (as such terms are defined in section 102 of this Act ( 42 U.S.C. 5122 )). The term hazard mitigation plan means a mitigation plan submitted under section 322 and approved by the Administrator. The term low-income geographic area means an area described in paragraph
(1)or
(2)of section 301(a) of the Public Works and Economic Development Act of 1965 ( 42 U.S.C. 3161(a) ). The term participating entity means an eligible entity that has entered into an agreement under this section. The term repetitive loss structure has the meaning given the term in section 1370 of the National Flood Insurance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 4121 ). The term severe repetitive loss structure has the meaning given the term in section 1366(h) of the National Flood Insurance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 4104c(h) . The term wildland-urban interface has the meaning given the term in section 101 of the Healthy Forests Restoration Act of 2003 ( 16 U.S.C. 6511 ). There is authorized to be appropriated $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 and 2021. .
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Sec. 2
Grants to entities for establishment of hazard mitigation revolving loan funds
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