Sec. 7. Carbon utilization
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Subtitle F of title IX of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16291 et seq.) is amended by inserting after section 963 ( 42 U.S.C. 16293 ) the following: The Secretary shall carry out a program of research, development, and demonstration for carbon utilization. The program shall— assess and monitor potential changes in life cycle carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions, and other environmental safety indicators of new technologies, practices, processes, or methods, used in enhanced hydrocarbon recovery as part of the activities authorized in section 963 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16293 ); identify and evaluate novel uses for carbon, including the conversion of carbon oxides, in a manner that, on a full life-cycle basis, achieves a permanent reduction in, or avoidance of a net increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, for use in commercial and industrial products, such as— chemicals; plastics; building materials; fuels; cement; products of coal utilization in power systems (as such term is defined in section 962(e)), or other applications; or other products with demonstrated market value; carbon capture technologies for industrial systems; identify and assess alternative uses for coal that result in no net emissions of carbon dioxide or other pollutants, including products derived from carbon engineering, carbon fiber, and coal conversion methods.
Of the amounts made available under section 961, there are authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary for activities under this section— $25,000,000 for fiscal year 2020; $26,250,000 for fiscal year 2021; $27,562,500 for fiscal year 2022; $28,940,625 for fiscal year 2023; and $30,387,656 for fiscal year 2024. . The Secretary shall enter into an agreement with the National Academies to conduct a study assessing the barriers, and opportunities related to the commercial application of carbon dioxide in the United States.
Such study shall— analyze the technical feasibility, related challenges, and impacts to commercializing carbon dioxide, including— creating a national system of carbon dioxide pipelines and geologic sequestration sites; mitigating environmental and landowner impacts; and regional economic challenges and opportunities; identify potential markets, industries, or sectors that may benefit from greater access to commercial carbon dioxide; assess the current state of infrastructure and any necessary updates to allow for the integration of safe and reliable carbon dioxide transportation, utilization, and storage; estimate the economic, climate, and environmental impacts of any well-integrated national carbon dioxide pipeline system, including suggestions for policies that could improve the economic impact of the system; assess the global status and progress of carbon utilization technologies (both chemical and biological) in practice today that utilize waste carbon (including carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, methane, and biogas) from power generation, biofuels production, and other industrial processes; identify emerging technologies and approaches for carbon utilization that show promise for scale-up, demonstration, deployment, and commercialization; analyze the factors associated with making carbon utilization technologies viable at a commercial scale, including carbon waste stream availability, economics, market capacity, energy and lifecycle requirements; assess the major technical challenges associated with increasing the commercial viability of carbon reuse technologies, and identify the research and development questions that will address those challenges; assess current research efforts, including engineering and computational, that are addressing these challenges and identify gaps in the current research portfolio; and develop a comprehensive research agenda that addresses both long- and short-term research needs and opportunities.
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