Sec. 1103. Definitions and declaration of policy
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Section 101 of title 23, United States Code, is amended— in subsection (a)— by redesignating paragraphs (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8), (9), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (15), (16), (17), (18), (19), (20), (21), (22), (23), (24), (25), (26), (27), (28), (29), (30), (31), (32), (33), and
(34)as paragraphs (2), (3), (4), (6), (8), (10), (11), (12), (13), (14), (16), (17), (18), (19), (20), (21), (23), (24), (25), (26), (28), (29), (32), (33), (34), (35), (36), (37), (38), (40), (41), (42), (43), and (44), respectively; by inserting before paragraph (2), as so redesignated, the following: The term adaptation means an adjustment in natural or human systems in anticipation of, or in response to, a changing environment in a way that moderates negative effects of extreme events or climate change. ; by inserting after paragraph (4), as so redesignated, the following: The term climate change means any significant change in the measures of climate lasting for an extended period of time, and may include major changes in temperature, precipitation, wind patterns, or sea level, among others, that occur over several decades or longer. ; in paragraph (6)(A), as so redesignated, by inserting assessing resilience, after surveying, ; by inserting after paragraph (6), as so redesignated, the following: The term context sensitive design principles means principles for the design of a public road that— provides for the safe and adequate accommodation, in all phases of project planning, design, and development, transportation facilities for users, including pedestrians, bicyclists, public transportation users, children, older individuals, individuals with disabilities, motorists, and freight vehicles; and considers the context in which the facility is planned to be constructed to determine the appropriate facility design. ; by inserting after paragraph (8), as so redesignated, the following: The term evacuation route means a transportation route or system that— is used to transport— the public away from an emergency event; or first responders and recovery resources in the event of an emergency; and is identified, consistent with sections 134(i)(2)(I)(iii) and 135(f)(10)(C)(iii), by the eligible entity with jurisdiction over the area in which the route is located for the purposes described in subparagraph (A). ; by inserting after paragraph (14), as so redesignated, the following: The term greenhouse gas has the meaning given the term in section 211(o)(1)(G) of the Clean Air Act ( 42 U.S.C. 7545(o)(1)(G) ). ; by inserting after paragraph (21), as so redesignated, the following: The term natural infrastructure means infrastructure that uses, restores, or emulates natural ecological processes that— is created through the action of natural physical, geological, biological, and chemical processes over time; is created by human design, engineering, and construction to emulate or act in concert with natural processes; or involves the use of plants, soils, and other natural features, including through the creation, restoration, or preservation of vegetated areas using materials appropriate to the region to manage stormwater and runoff, to attenuate flooding and storm surges, and for other related purposes. The term natural infrastructure includes green infrastructure and nature-based solutions. ; by inserting after paragraph (26), as so redesignated, the following: The term protective feature means an improvement to a highway or bridge designed to increase resilience or mitigate the risk of recurring damage or the cost of future repairs from climate change effects, extreme events, seismic activity, or any other natural disaster. The term protective feature includes— raising roadway grades; relocating roadways to higher ground above projected flood elevation levels or away from slide prone areas; stabilizing slide areas; stabilizing slopes; lengthening or raising bridges to increase waterway openings; increasing the size or number of drainage structures; replacing culverts with bridges or upsizing culverts; installing seismic retrofits on bridges; scour, stream stability, coastal, and other hydraulic countermeasures; and the use of natural infrastructure. ; by inserting after paragraph (29), as so redesignated, the following: The term repeatedly damaged facility means a road, highway, or bridge that has required repair and reconstruction activities on 2 or more occasions due to natural disasters or catastrophic failures resulting in emergencies declared by the Governor of the State in which the road, highway, or bridge is located or emergencies or major disasters declared by the President under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act ( 42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.). The term resilience means, with respect to a facility, the ability to— anticipate, prepare for, or adapt to conditions; or withstand, respond to, or recover rapidly from disruptions. Such term includes, with respect to a facility, the ability to— resist hazards or withstand impacts from disruptions; reduce the magnitude, duration, or impact of a disruption; or have the absorptive capacity, adaptive capacity, and recoverability to decrease vulnerability to a disruption. ; by inserting after paragraph (38), as so redesignated, the following: The term transportation system access means the ability to travel by automobile, public transportation, pedestrian, and bicycle networks, measured by travel time, taking into consideration— the impacts of the level of travel stress for non-motorized users; costs for low-income travelers; and the extent to which transportation access is impacted by zoning policies and land use planning practices that effect the affordability, elasticity, and diversity of the housing supply. ; and by adding at the end the following: The terms transportation demand management and TDM mean the use of strategies to inform and encourage travelers to maximize the efficiency of a transportation system leading to improved mobility, reduced congestion, and lower vehicle emissions. The term transportation demand management strategies means the use of planning, programs, policy, marketing, communications, incentives, pricing, and technology to shift travel mode, routes used, departure times, number of trips, and location and design work space or public attractions. ; and in subsection (b)— in paragraph
(1)by striking Defense, and inserting Defense Highways, ; in paragraph (3)— in subparagraph
(A)by striking Century and inserting century ; in subparagraph
(G)by striking ; and and inserting a semicolon; in subparagraph
(H)by striking Century. and inserting century; ; and by adding at the end the following: safety is the highest priority of the Department of Transportation, and the Secretary and States should take all actions necessary to meet the transportation needs of the 21st century for all road users; climate change presents a significant risk to safety, the economy, and national security, and reducing the contributions of the transportation system to the Nation’s total carbon pollution is critical; and the Secretary and States should take appropriate measures and ensure investments to increase the resilience of the Nation’s transportation system. ; and in paragraph (4)(A) by inserting while ensuring that environmental protections are maintained after review process .
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