Sec. 3201. Better energy storage technology
2,529 words·~11 min read·
/bill/116/hr/133/eah/section-3201A research copy — for the controlling text, always check the official state or federal source. Not legal advice.
In this section: The term energy storage system means any system, equipment, facility, or technology that— is capable of absorbing or converting energy, storing the energy for a period of time, and dispatching the energy; and uses mechanical, electrochemical, thermal, electrolysis, or other processes to convert and store electric energy that was generated at an earlier time for use at a later time; uses mechanical, electrochemical, biochemical, or thermal processes to convert and store energy generated from mechanical processes that would otherwise be wasted, for delivery at a later time; or stores energy in an electric, thermal, or gaseous state for direct use for heating or cooling at a later time in a manner that avoids the need to use electricity or other fuel sources at that later time, such as a grid-enabled water heater.
The term program means the Energy Storage System Research, Development, and Deployment Program established under subsection (b)(1). The term Secretary means the Secretary of Energy. Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a program, to be known as the Energy Storage System Research, Development, and Deployment Program. The program shall focus on research, development, and deployment of— energy storage systems, components, and materials designed to further the development of technologies— for large-scale commercial deployment; for deployment at cost targets established by the Secretary; for hourly and subhourly durations required to provide reliability services to the grid; for daily durations, which have the capacity to discharge energy for a minimum of 6 hours; for weekly or monthly durations, which have the capacity to discharge energy for 10 to 100 hours, at a minimum; and for seasonal durations, which have the capability to address seasonal variations in supply and demand; distributed energy storage technologies and applications, including building-grid integration; long-term cost, performance, and demonstration targets for different types of energy storage systems and for use in a variety of regions, including rural areas; transportation energy storage technologies and applications, including vehicle-grid integration; cost-effective systems and methods for— the sustainable and secure sourcing, reclamation, recycling, and disposal of energy storage systems, including critical minerals; and the reuse and repurposing of energy storage system technologies; advanced control methods for energy storage systems; pumped hydroelectric energy storage systems to advance— adoption of innovative technologies, including— systems with adjustable-speed and other new pumping and generating equipment designs; modular systems; closed-loop systems, including mines and quarries; and other innovative equipment and materials as determined by the Secretary; and reductions of civil works costs and construction times for hydropower and pumped storage systems, including comprehensive data and systems analysis of hydropower and pumped storage construction technologies and processes in order to identify areas for whole-system efficiency gains; models and tools to demonstrate the costs and benefits of energy storage to— power and water supply systems; electric generation portfolio optimization; and expanded deployment of other renewable energy technologies, including in integrated energy storage systems; energy storage use cases from individual and combination technology applications, including value from various-use cases and energy storage services; and advanced manufacturing technologies that have the potential to improve United States competitiveness in energy storage manufacturing or reduce United States dependence on critical materials.
In coordination with 1 or more National Laboratories, the Secretary shall support the development, standardized testing, and validation of energy storage systems under the program, including test-bed and field trials, by developing testing and evaluation methodologies for— storage technologies, controls, and power electronics for energy storage systems under a variety of operating conditions; standardized and grid performance testing for energy storage systems, materials, and technologies during each stage of development; reliability, safety, degradation, and durability testing under standard and evolving duty cycles; and accelerated life testing protocols to predict estimated lifetime metrics with accuracy.
Not less frequently than once every calendar year, the Secretary shall evaluate and, if necessary, update the program objectives to ensure that the program continues to advance energy storage systems toward widespread commercial deployment by lowering the costs and increasing the duration of energy storage resources. The Secretary shall develop a 10-year strategic plan for the program, and update the plan, in accordance with this paragraph. The strategic plan developed under subparagraph
(A)shall— be coordinated with and integrated across other relevant offices in the Department; to the extent practicable, include metrics that can be used to evaluate storage technologies; identify Department programs that— support the research and development activities described in paragraph
(2)and the demonstration projects under subsection (c); and do not support the activities or projects described in subclause (I); but are important to the development of energy storage systems and the mission of the Department, as determined by the Secretary; include expected timelines for— the accomplishment of relevant objectives under current programs of the Department relating to energy storage systems; and the commencement of any new initiatives within the Department relating to energy storage systems to accomplish those objectives; and incorporate relevant activities described in the Grid Modernization Initiative Multi-Year Program Plan. Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate and the Committees on Energy and Commerce and Science, Space, and Technology of the House of Representatives the strategic plan developed under subparagraph (A). The Secretary— shall annually review the strategic plan developed under subparagraph (A); and may periodically revise the strategic plan as appropriate. The program may be led by a specific office of the Department, but shall be cross-cutting in nature, so that in carrying out activities under the program, the Secretary (or a designee of the Secretary charged with leading the program) shall leverage existing Federal resources, including, at a minimum, the expertise and resources of— the Office of Electricity; the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, including the Water Power Technologies Office; and the Office of Science, including— the Basic Energy Sciences Program; the Advanced Scientific Computing Research Program; the Biological and Environmental Research Program; and the Electricity Storage Research Initiative established under section 975 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16315 ). In carrying out this subsection, the Secretary shall identify, incorporate, and follow best practices for protecting the privacy of individuals and businesses and the respective sensitive data of the individuals and businesses, including by managing privacy risk and implementing the Fair Information Practice Principles of the Federal Trade Commission for the collection, use, disclosure, and retention of individual electric consumer information in accordance with the Office of Management and Budget Circular A–130 (or successor circulars). Not later than September 30, 2023, the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable, enter into agreements to carry out 3 energy storage system demonstration projects, including at least 1 energy storage system demonstration project designed to further the development of technologies described in clause
(v)or
(vi)of subsection (b)(2)(A). In this paragraph, the term eligible entity means— a State energy office (as defined in section 124(a) of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 15821(a) )); an Indian Tribe (as defined in section 4 of the Native American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 ( 25 U.S.C. 4103 ); a Tribal organization (as defined in section 3765 of title 38, United States Code); an institution of higher education (as defined in section 101 of the Higher Education Act of 1965 ( 20 U.S.C. 1001 )); an electric utility, including— an electric cooperative; a political subdivision of a State, such as a municipally owned electric utility, or any agency, authority, corporation, or instrumentality of a State political subdivision; and an investor-owned utility; and a private energy storage company. The Secretary shall establish a competitive grant program under which the Secretary shall award grants to eligible entities to carry out demonstration projects for pilot energy storage systems. In selecting eligible entities to receive a grant under subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall, to the maximum extent practicable— ensure regional diversity among eligible entities awarded grants, including ensuring participation of eligible entities that are rural States and States with high energy costs; ensure that grants are awarded for demonstration projects that— expand on the existing technology demonstration programs of the Department; are designed to achieve 1 or more of the objectives described in subparagraph (D); and inject or withdraw energy from the bulk power system, electric distribution system, building energy system, or microgrid (grid-connected or islanded mode) where the project is located; give consideration to proposals from eligible entities for securing energy storage through competitive procurement or contract for service; and prioritize projects that leverage matching funds from non-Federal sources. Each demonstration project carried out by a grant awarded under subparagraph
(B)shall have 1 or more of the following objectives: To improve the security of critical infrastructure and emergency response systems. To improve the reliability of transmission and distribution systems, particularly in rural areas, including high-energy cost rural areas. To optimize transmission or distribution system operation and power quality to defer or avoid costs of replacing or upgrading electric grid infrastructure, including transformers and substations. To supply energy at peak periods of demand on the electric grid or during periods of significant variation of electric grid supply. To reduce peak loads of homes and businesses. To improve and advance power conversion systems. To provide ancillary services for grid stability and management. To integrate renewable energy resource production. To increase the feasibility of microgrids (grid-connected or islanded mode). To enable the use of stored energy in forms other than electricity to support the natural gas system and other industrial processes. To integrate fast charging of electric vehicles. To improve energy efficiency. Not less frequently than once every 3 years for the duration of the programs under paragraphs
(1)and (2), the Secretary shall submit to Congress and make publicly available a report describing the performance of those programs. The Federal Government shall not hold any equity or other ownership interest in any energy storage system that is part of a project under this subsection unless the holding is agreed to by each participant of the project. In this subsection: The term Initiative means the demonstration initiative established under paragraph (2). The term Joint Program means the joint program established under paragraph (4). Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall establish a demonstration initiative composed of demonstration projects focused on the development of long-duration energy storage technologies. To the maximum extent practicable, in selecting demonstration projects to participate in the Initiative, the Secretary shall— ensure a range of technology types; ensure regional diversity among projects; and consider bulk power level, distribution power level, behind-the-meter, microgrid (gridconnected or islanded mode), and off-grid applications. As part of the Initiative, the Secretary, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense, shall establish within the Department a joint program to carry out projects— to demonstrate promising long-duration energy storage technologies at different scales; and to help new, innovative long-duration energy storage technologies become commercially viable. Not later than 200 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary shall enter into a memorandum of understanding with the Secretary of Defense to administer the Joint Program. In carrying out the Joint Program, the Secretary and the Secretary of Defense shall— use existing test-bed infrastructure at— Department facilities; and Department of Defense installations; and develop new infrastructure for identified projects, if appropriate. The Secretary and the Secretary of Defense shall develop goals and metrics for technological progress under the Joint Program consistent with energy resilience and energy security policies. To the maximum extent practicable, in selecting projects to participate in the Joint Program, the Secretary and the Secretary of Defense shall— ensure that projects are carried out under conditions that represent a variety of environments with different physical conditions and market constraints; and ensure an appropriate balance of— larger, higher-cost projects; and smaller, lower-cost projects. In carrying out the Joint Program, the Secretary and the Secretary of Defense shall give priority to demonstration projects that— make available to the public project information that will accelerate deployment of long-duration energy storage technologies; and will be carried out in the field. The United States Energy Storage Competitiveness Act of 2007 ( 42 U.S.C. 17231 ) is amended by adding at the end the following: In this subsection: The term critical material has the meaning given the term in 7002 of the Energy Act of 2020 . The term critical material recycling means the separation and recovery of critical materials embedded within an energy storage system through physical or chemical means for the purpose of reuse of those critical materials in other technologies. Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this subsection, the Secretary shall establish a research, development, and demonstration program for critical material recycling and reuse of energy storage systems containing critical materials. In carrying out the program established under paragraph (1), the Secretary shall conduct— research, development, and demonstration activities for— technologies, process improvements, and design optimizations that facilitate and promote critical material recycling of energy storage systems, including separation and sorting of component materials of such systems, and extraction, recovery, and reuse of critical materials from such systems; technologies and methods that mitigate emissions and environmental impacts that arise from critical material recycling, including disposal of toxic reagents and byproducts related to critical material recycling processes; technologies to enable extraction, recovery, and reuse of energy storage systems from electric vehicles and critical material recycling from such vehicles; and technologies and methods to enable the safe transport, storage, and disposal of energy storage systems containing critical materials, including waste materials and components recovered during the critical material recycling process; and research on nontechnical barriers to improve the collection and critical material recycling of energy storage systems, including strategies to improve consumer education of, acceptance of, and participation in, the critical material recycling of energy storage systems. Not later than 2 years after the date of enactment of this subsection, and every 3 years thereafter, the Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives and the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the Senate a report summarizing the activities, findings, and progress of the program. . To the maximum extent practicable, the Secretary shall coordinate the activities under this section (including activities conducted pursuant to the amendments made by this section) among the offices and employees of the Department, other Federal agencies, and other relevant entities— to ensure appropriate collaboration; to avoid unnecessary duplication of those activities; and to increase domestic manufacturing and production of energy storage systems, such as those within the Department and within the National Institute of Standards and Technology. There are authorized to be appropriated— to carry out subsection (b), $100,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025, to remain available until expended; to carry out subsection (c), $71,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025, to remain available until expended; and to carry out subsection (d), $30,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2021 through 2025, to remain available until expended.
Connectionstraces to 5
Citation graph
cites case law
Sec. 3201
Better energy storage technology
Cites 5Cited by 0 across 0 sources