Sec. 2. Conservation Reserve Program
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Section 1231 of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3831 ) is amended— by redesignating subsections
(c)through
(i)as subsections
(d)through (j), respectively; and by inserting after subsection
(b)the following: The Secretary shall not include in the conservation reserve program established under this subchapter— except as provided in paragraphs
(2)and (3)(B), prime farmland or class I, II, or III land (as defined in the Soil Survey Manual of the Department of Agriculture) (or successor definitions) that is— not highly erodible; and eroding at a level that is less than the soil loss tolerance level of the land; or all of the land on a farm that is larger than 10 acres. In carrying out paragraph (1)(A), the Secretary shall exempt— land that is eligible under subsection (b)(3); and land that— is eligible under subsection (b)(4); and is— a grass sod waterway; a contour grass sod strip; a prairie strip; a filterstrip; a riparian buffer; a wetland buffer; a saturated buffer; a bioreactor; or a similar partial field that will improve water quality if the land is enrolled in the conservation reserve program using continuous sign-up under section 1234(d)(2)(A)(ii), as determined by the Secretary. Subject to subparagraph (C), in the case of a field described in subparagraph (B), the Secretary shall enroll only the land described in clause
(ii)of that subparagraph. A field described in this subparagraph is a field that contains— land that is excluded under paragraph (1)(A); and land that is— not excluded under paragraph (1)(A); and eligible under subsection (b). In the case of a field described in subparagraph
(B)more than 90 percent of the land of which is land described in clause
(ii)of that subparagraph, the Secretary may enroll all of the land of the field. . Subsection
(e)of section 1231 of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3831 ) (as redesignated by subsection (a)) is amended— in paragraph (1), by striking during— in the matter preceding subparagraph
(A)and all that follows through the period at the end of subparagraph
(E)and inserting not more than 24,000,000 acres. ; in paragraph (2)(A)— by striking limitations and inserting limitation ; by striking 2,000,000 and inserting 3,000,000 ; and by striking 2018 and inserting 2023 ; and by adding at the end the following: For purposes of applying the limitation in paragraph (1), the Secretary shall give priority to the enrollment in the conservation reserve program under this subchapter of land that— is described in subsection (c)(2)(B)(ii); and shall have a positive impact, as determined by the Secretary, on the water quality of— a lake; an estuary; or a river. In carrying out subparagraph (A), the Secretary shall focus on land that— is located in a watershed impacted by sediment and nutrient; and if enrolled, will reduce sediment loadings, nutrient loadings, and harmful algal blooms, as determined by the Secretary. Of the acres enrolled in the conservation reserve under paragraph (1), not less than 4,000,000 acres shall be— of land described in subparagraph (A); and newly enrolled during fiscal years 2019 through 2028. . Section 1234 of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3834 ) is amended— in subsection (c)— by redesignating paragraphs
(1)and
(2)as subparagraphs
(A)and (B), respectively, and indenting appropriately; and by inserting before subparagraph
(A)(as so redesignated) the following: In the case of a continuous enrollment contract, the Secretary may make a signing incentive payment or a practice incentive payment to an owner or operator of eligible land in an amount sufficient to encourage participation in the program established under this subchapter. The Secretary may only make a payment described in subparagraph
(A)if the national average market price received by producers during the previous 12-month marketing year for all covered commodities is greater than the national average market price received by producers during the most recent 10 marketing years for all covered commodities. ; in subsection (d)— in paragraph (3), by adding at the end the following: In determining the acceptability of contract offers for new general enrollments, the Secretary shall— give priority to a contract offer that maximizes the conservation value of the land that is the subject of the contract offer relative to the cost of the contract; and assign the cost value factor described in clause
(i)a weight of not less than 25 percent in any ranking scheme used by the Secretary in determining the acceptability of contract offers. ; in paragraph (5)— in subparagraph (C)— by striking The Secretary may use and inserting With respect to ; and by striking rental rates and inserting the following: “rental rates, the Secretary— shall apply the limitation described in subsection (g)(1)(A); and may use the estimates ; and by adding at the end the following: Subject to subsection (g), the amount of an annual rental payment paid to an owner or operator under this subchapter, in the case of general enrollment, shall not be greater than 80 percent of the applicable estimate of the county average market dryland cash rental rates for cropland derived from the survey conducted under subparagraph (A). ; and in subsection (g)— in paragraph (1), by striking exceed $50,000 and inserting the following: “exceed— $50,000; and $240 per acre. ; and in paragraph (2)(A), by striking this subsection and inserting paragraph
(1).
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