Sec. 2. Findings
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Congress finds the following: In 2005, each of the 196 World Health Organization member states signed the International Health Regulations to improve the world’s ability to prevent, detect, and respond to public health events. In December 2009, President Obama released the National Strategy for Countering Biological Threats, which listed as one of seven objectives Promote global health security: Increase the availability of and access to knowledge and products of the life sciences that can help reduce the impact from outbreaks of infectious disease whether of natural, accidental, or deliberate origin .
In September 2011, the United States and the World Health Organization signed a memorandum of understanding to help developing countries strengthen their capabilities to meet the International Health Regulations. In February 2014, the United States and nearly 30 other nations launched the Global Health Security Agenda
(GHSA)to address several high-priority, global infectious disease threats. The GHSA was funded with a $1,000,000,000, one-time, 5-year supplemental appropriation that expires at the end of fiscal year 2019. Approximately 67 percent of nations have not fully implemented the International Health Regulations and built appropriate core capacities to detect, assess, report, and respond to public health emergencies. In 2015, the United Nations adopted the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which include specific reference to the importance of global health security as part of SDG 3 ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages as follows: strengthen the capacity of all countries, in particular developing countries, for early warning, risk reduction and management of national and global health risks . On November 4, 2016, President Obama signed Executive Order 13747, Advancing the Global Health Security Agenda to Achieve a World Safe and Secure from Infectious Disease Threats . In October 2017 at the GHSA Ministerial Meeting in Uganda, the United States and more than 40 GHSA member countries supported the Kampala Declaration to extend the GHSA for an additional 5 years to 2024. In December 2017, President Trump released the National Security Strategy, which includes the priority action: Detect and contain biothreats at their source: We will work with other countries to detect and mitigate outbreaks early to prevent the spread of disease. We will encourage other countries to invest in basic health care systems and to strengthen global health security across the intersection of human and animal health to prevent infectious disease outbreaks . In February 2018, the Director of National Intelligence, Daniel R. Coats, released the Worldwide Threat Assessment of the U.S. Intelligence Community, which said The increase in frequency and diversity of reported disease outbreaks—such as dengue and Zika—probably will continue through 2018, including the potential for a severe global health emergency that could lead to major economic and societal disruptions, strain governmental and international resources, and increase calls on the United States for support . In the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2018 ( Public Law 115–141 ), Congress provided $172,600,000 for global health security and required the President to submit a global health security strategy to Congress not later than 180 days after the date of the enactment of that Act. In September 2018, President Trump released the National Biodefense Strategy, which includes objectives to strengthen global health security capacities to prevent local bioincidents from becoming epidemics , and strengthen international preparedness to support international response and recovery capabilities .
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