Sec. 1233. Statement of policy on the Russian Federation
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Congress makes the following findings: The Russian Federation, under the leadership of President Vladimir Putin, continues to demonstrate its malign activities to expand its sphere of influence and undermine international norms and institutions both regionally and globally, including through the following activities: An assessment of the United States intelligence community stated …Russian President Vladimir Putin ordered an influence campaign in 2016 aimed at the U.S. presidential election , presented in the intelligence community’s January 6, 2017, declassified report, Assessing Russian Activities and Intentions in Recent U.S.
Elections . The Russian Federation has interfered in the April 2017 election and runoff election in May 2017 of the French Presidential elections. As confirmed by Admiral Mike Rogers, Director of the National Security Agency, at a Senate Committee on Armed Services hearing on May 9, 2017, If you look at the French elections . . . we had become aware of Russian activity. The Russian Federation has threatened stability in their sphere of influence. As stated by General Curtis M.
Scaparrotti, Commander of the United States European Command, in testimony at a House Committee on Armed Services hearing on March 28, 2017, In the east, a resurgent Russia has turned from partner to antagonist. Countries along Russia’s periphery, especially Ukraine and Georgia, are under threat from Moscow’s malign influence and military aggression. . The Russian Federation has occupied and attempted to annex Crimea from Ukraine. The Russian Federation has employed hybrid warfare tactics, including cyber warfare, electronic warfare, and information warfare to gain influence.
This includes the use of hybrid tactics in assisting combined Russian-separatist forces in eastern Ukraine and, in 2008, the Russian incursion in Georgia. Military intervention in the civil war in Syria. Both the Secretary of Defense, James Mattis, and the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, General Joseph Dunford, highlight the Russian Federation as the number one geo-strategic threat to the United States. The Government of the Russian Federation continues its decades’ long modernization of its conventional military force with the buildup of large numbers of professionalized forces on Russia’s borders with Europe, re-establishing military presence in the Arctic, investment in its nuclear triad, advanced weapons systems, fighter jets, and naval vessels.
In June 2016, the Center for Strategic and International Studies released its report, Evaluating U.S. Army Force Posture in Europe: Phase II , which included the recommendation that an Armed Brigade Combat Team and a combat aviation brigade should be permanently assigned to Europe. The report also recommends additional prepositioned equipment in Western Europe. In January 2016, the National Commission on the Future of the Army released its findings and recommendations, which included Recommendation 14, calling for permanently stationing an Armored Brigade Combat Team Forward in Europe and Recommendation 15 calling for the conversion of Army Europe Aviation Headquarters to a warfighting mission command.
In the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2015 ( Public Law 113–291 ), the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2016 ( Public Law 114–92 ), and the National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2017 ( Public Law 114–328 ), Congress authorized approximately $5,200,000 for the European Reassurance Initiative, now the European Deterrence Initiative, to reassure partners and allies and begin building a credible deterrence to the Russian Federation through— large increases in conventional resources, including additional rotational deployments of United States troops and prepositioning of equipment into Europe; and increased funding for unconventional warfare resources, including cyber and special operations forces, and for intelligence and indicators and warnings.
It is the policy of the United States to develop, implement, and sustain credible deterrence against aggression by the Government of the Russian Federation, in order to enhance regional and global security and stability. The policy described in paragraph
(1)shall, among other things, be carried out through a comprehensive defense strategy and guidance to outline and resource the necessary defense capabilities in the European theater. Such policy shall include the following: Increased United States presence in Europe through additional permanently stationed forces. Continued United States presence in Europe through additional rotational forces. Increased United States prepositioned military equipment to include logistics enablers and a division headquarters. Sufficient and necessary infrastructure additions and improvements throughout the European theater. Increased investment and priority to counter unconventional methods of warfare, including sufficient cyber warfare resources, information operations resources, and intelligence resources. Effective security cooperation resources and opportunities with partners and allies, including NATO member countries.
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Sec. 1233
Statement of policy on the Russian Federation
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