Sec. 403. Nitrous oxide emissions reductions
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Congress finds that— fertilizer is a significant cost input in many agricultural operations; opportunities exist for agricultural producers— to reduce the amount of fertilizer inputs; and to increase the efficiency of fertilizer use through the development of more effective fertilizer application protocols that maximize the uptake of fertilizer by crops while maintaining or increasing yields; and improving the application of nitrogen fertilizers at the correct rate, in the correct manner, at the correct time, and in the correct place will provide significant benefits to the environment, including reductions of— nitrogen runoff, which will improve water quality; and emissions of nitrous oxide, a powerful greenhouse gas associated with climate change.
Chapter 5 of subtitle D of title XII of the Food Security Act of 1985 ( 16 U.S.C. 3839bb et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this section, the Secretary shall make available all relevant data relating to fertilizer application in a format that is— aggregated so as not to divulge proprietary or confidential business information; and searchable and accessible to the public, including, to the maximum extent possible, all federally funded research data, including data of— the Department of Agriculture; and land-grant colleges and universities (as defined in section 1404 of the National Agricultural Research, Extension, and Teaching Policy Act of 1977 ( 7 U.S.C. 3103 )).
Subparagraph
(A)shall not apply to the release of data or information in a format that may divulge proprietary or confidential business information. The Secretary shall develop incentives to encourage the sharing of non-federally funded research data relating to fertilizer application, including data from— research funded through a State program; and independent or privately held research. The Secretary shall establish and carry out a 5-year pilot program for the development and optimization of nitrogen fertilizer application rates, timing, location, and formulation for— corn; soybeans; wheat; barley; cotton; oats; sorghum; rice; and potatoes. The pilot program described in paragraph
(1)shall— consist of projects in a diverse range of— geographies; soil types; drainage conditions; tillage practices; and climatic conditions; and consider— the effect of crop rotation; the use of cover crops; the use of soil amendments; and any other factor that the Secretary determines to be appropriate— to enhance the optimization of fertilizer application practices that reduce the generation of nitrous oxide and leached nitrogen; and to support high agricultural yields. The Chief of the Natural Resources Conservation Service shall carry out a nitrous oxide reduction initiative within the environmental quality incentives program established under chapter 4 of this subtitle to foster the adoption and continued use of fertilizer application protocols that reduce the production of nitrous oxide associated with the use of nitrogen fertilizer. Of the funds of the Commodity Credit Corporation, the Secretary shall use to carry out this section $150,000,000 for fiscal year 2016 and each fiscal year thereafter, to remain available until expended. .
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