Sec. 2. Nuclear energy
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Section 951 of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ( 42 U.S.C. 16271 ) is amended to read as follows: The Secretary shall conduct programs of civilian nuclear research, development, demonstration, and commercial application, including activities in this subtitle. Such programs shall take into consideration the following objectives: Providing research infrastructure to promote scientific progress and enable users from academia, the National Laboratories, and the private sector to make scientific discoveries relevant for nuclear, chemical, and materials science engineering.
Maintaining National Laboratory and university nuclear energy research and development programs, including their infrastructure. Providing the technical means to reduce the likelihood of nuclear weapons proliferation and increasing confidence margins for public safety of nuclear energy systems. Reducing the environmental impact of nuclear energy related activities. Supporting technology transfer from the National Laboratories to the private sector. Enabling the private sector to partner with the National Laboratories to demonstrate novel reactor concepts for the purpose of resolving technical uncertainty associated with the aforementioned objectives in this subsection.
In this subtitle: The term advanced fission reactor means a nuclear fission reactor with significant improvements over the most recent generation of nuclear reactors, which may include inherent safety features, lower waste yields, greater fuel utilization, superior reliability, resistance to proliferation, and increased thermal efficiency. The term fast neutron means a neutron with kinetic energy above 100 kiloelectron volts. The term National Laboratory has the meaning given that term in paragraph
(3)of section 2, except that with respect to subparagraphs (G), (H), and
(N)of such paragraph, for purposes of this subtitle the term includes only the civilian activities thereof. The term neutron flux means the intensity of neutron radiation measured as a rate of flow of neutrons applied over an area. The term neutron source means a research machine that provides neutron irradiation services for research on materials sciences and nuclear physics as well as testing of advanced materials, nuclear fuels, and other related components for reactor systems. It is the sense of the Congress that nuclear energy, through fission or fusion, represents the highest energy density of any known attainable source and yields zero air emissions. This energy source is of national importance to scientific progress, national security, electricity generation, heat generation for industrial applications, and space exploration. Considering the inherent complexity and regulatory burden associated with this area of science, the Department should focus its civilian nuclear research and development activities towards programs that enable the private sector, National Laboratories, and universities to carry out such experiments as are necessary to promote scientific progress and enhance practical knowledge of nuclear engineering. .
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