Sec. 3. Transparent incorporation practices

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Part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 ( 42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq. ) is amended by adding at the end the following: To protect the United States from the misuse affecting interstate or foreign commerce of corporations and limited liability companies with hidden owners, each State that receives funding under subpart 1 shall, not later than 3 years after the date of enactment of this subpart, use an incorporation system that meets the following requirements: Except as provided in paragraphs

(2)and (4), each applicant to form a corporation or limited liability company under the laws of the State is required to provide to the State during the formation process a list of the beneficial owners of the corporation or limited liability company that— identifies each beneficial owner by name, current residential or business street address, and a unique identifying number from a nonexpired passport issued by the United States or a nonexpired drivers license or identification card issued by a State; if any beneficial owner exercises control over the corporation or limited liability company through another legal entity, such as a corporation, partnership, or trust, identifies each such legal entity and each such beneficial owner who will use that entity to exercise control over the corporation or limited liability company; and if the applicant is not a beneficial owner, provides the identification information described in clause

(i)relating to the applicant. For each corporation or limited liability company formed under the laws of the State— the corporation or limited liability company is required by the State to submit to the State an updated list of the beneficial owners of the corporation or limited liability company and the information described in subparagraph

(A)for each such beneficial owner not later than 60 days after the date of any change in the beneficial owners of the corporation or limited liability company; in the case of a corporation or limited liability company formed or acquired by a formation agent and retained by the formation agent as a beneficial owner for transfer to another person, the formation agent is required by the State to submit to the State an updated list of the beneficial owners and the information described in subparagraph

(A)for each such beneficial owner not later than 10 days after the date on which the formation agent transfers the corporation or limited liability company to another person; and the corporation or limited liability company is required by the State to submit to the State an annual filing containing the list of the beneficial owners of the corporation or limited liability company and the information described in subparagraph

(A)for each such beneficial owner. Beneficial ownership information relating to each corporation or limited liability company formed under the laws of the State is required to be maintained by the State until the end of the 5-year period beginning on the date that the corporation or limited liability company terminates under the laws of the State. Beneficial ownership information relating to each corporation or limited liability company formed under the laws of the State shall be provided by the State upon receipt of— a civil, criminal, or administrative subpoena or summons from a State agency, Federal agency, or congressional committee or subcommittee requesting such information; a written request made by a Federal agency on behalf of another country under an international treaty, agreement, or convention, or an order under section 3512 of title 18, United States Code, or section 1782 of title 28, United States Code, issued in response to a request for assistance from a foreign country; or a written request made by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network of the Department of the Treasury. A corporation or limited liability company formed under the laws of the State may not issue a certificate in bearer form evidencing either a whole or fractional interest in the corporation or limited liability company. To meet the requirements under this section, a State described in subparagraph

(B)may permit an applicant to form a corporation or limited liability company under the laws of the State, or a corporation or limited liability company formed under the laws of the State, to provide the required information to a licensed formation agent residing in the State, instead of to the State directly, if the application under paragraph (1)(A) or the update under paragraph (1)(B) contains— the name, current business address, contact information, and licensing number of the licensed formation agent that has agreed to maintain the information required under this section; and a certification by the licensed formation agent that the licensed formation agent has possession of the information required under this section and will maintain the information in the State licensing the licensed formation agent in accordance with this section. A State described in this subparagraph is a State that— receives funding under subpart 1; and maintains a formal licensing system for formation agents that requires a formation agent to register with the State, meet standards for fitness and honesty, maintain a physical office and records within the State, undergo regular monitoring, and be subject to sanctions for noncompliance with State requirements. A licensed formation agent that receives beneficial ownership information in accordance with this section shall— maintain the information in the State in which the corporation or limited liability company is being or has been formed in the same manner as required for States under paragraph (1)(C); provide the information under the same circumstances as required for States under paragraph (1)(D); and perform the duties of a formation agent under paragraph (3). Except as provided in clause (ii), a licensed formation agent that receives beneficial ownership information relating to a corporation or limited liability company under State law in accordance with this paragraph and that resigns, dissolves, or otherwise ends a relationship with the corporation or limited liability company shall within 60 days— notify the State in writing that the licensed formation agent has resigned or ended the relationship; and transmit all beneficial ownership information relating to the corporation or limited liability company in the possession of the licensed formation agent to the licensing State. If a licensed formation agent receives written instructions from a corporation or limited liability company, the licensed formation agent may transmit the beneficial ownership information relating to the corporation or limited liability company to another licensed formation agent that is within the same State and has agreed to maintain the information in accordance with this section. If a licensed formation agent provides beneficial ownership information to another licensed formation agent under clause (ii), the licensed formation agent providing the information shall, within the 60-day period specified under clause (i), notify in writing the State under the laws of which the corporation or limited liability company is formed of the identity of the licensed formation agent receiving the information. If an applicant to form a corporation or limited liability company or a beneficial owner, officer, director, or similar agent of a corporation or limited liability company who is required to provide identification information under this section does not have a nonexpired passport issued by the United States or a nonexpired drivers license or identification card issued by a State, each application described in paragraph (1)(A) and each update described in paragraph (1)(B) shall include a certification by a formation agent residing in the State that the formation agent— has obtained for each such person a current residential or business street address and a legible and credible copy of the pages of a nonexpired passport issued by the government of a foreign country bearing a photograph, date of birth, and unique identifying information for the person; has verified the name, address, and identity of each such person; will provide the information described in subparagraph

(A)and the proof of verification described in subparagraph

(B)upon request under the same circumstances as required for States under paragraph (1)(D); and will retain the information and proof of verification under this paragraph in the State in which the corporation or limited liability company is being or has been formed until the end of the 5-year period beginning on the date that the corporation or limited liability company terminates under the laws of the State. An incorporation system described in paragraph

(1)shall require that an application for an entity described in clause

(i)or

(ii)of subsection (d)(2)(B) that is proposed to be formed under the laws of a State and that will be exempt from the beneficial ownership disclosure requirements under this section shall include in the application a certification by the applicant, or a prospective officer, director, or similar agent of the entity— identifying the specific provision of subsection (d)(2)(B) under which the entity proposed to be formed would be exempt from the beneficial ownership disclosure requirements under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3); stating that the entity proposed to be formed meets the requirements for an entity described under such provision of subsection (d)(2)(B); and providing identification information for the applicant or prospective officer, director, or similar agent making the certification in the same manner as provided under paragraph

(1)or (3). On and after the date that is 2 years after the date on which a State begins requiring beneficial ownership information in compliance with this section, an entity formed under the laws of the State before such effective date shall be considered to be a corporation or limited liability company for purposes of this subsection unless an officer, director, or similar agent of the entity submits to the State a certification— identifying the specific provision of subsection (d)(2)(B) under which the entity is exempt from the requirements under paragraphs (1), (2), and (3); stating that the entity meets the requirements for an entity described under such provision of subsection (d)(2)(B); and providing identification information for the officer, director, or similar agent making the certification in the same manner as provided under paragraph

(1)or (3). As part of the beneficial ownership information required under subsection (a)(1), neither an applicant seeking to form a corporation or limited liability company nor a corporation or limited liability company providing updated information is required to identify the beneficial owners of any entity that qualifies as an exempt entity under subsection (d)(2)(B). It shall be unlawful for any person to affect interstate or foreign commerce by failing to comply with this subpart by— knowingly providing, or attempting to provide, false or fraudulent beneficial ownership information, including a false or fraudulent identifying photograph, to a State or formation agent; willfully failing to provide complete or updated beneficial ownership information to a State or formation agent; knowingly disclosing the existence of a subpoena, summons, or other request for beneficial ownership information, except— to the extent necessary to fulfill the authorized request; or as authorized by the entity that issued the subpoena, summons, or other request; or in the case of a formation agent, knowingly failing to obtain or maintain credible, legible, and updated beneficial ownership information, including any required identifying photograph. In addition to any civil or criminal penalty that may be imposed by a State, any person who violates paragraph (1)— shall be liable to the United States for a civil penalty of not more than $10,000; and may be fined under title 18, United States Code, imprisoned for not more than 3 years, or both. To carry out this subpart, the Attorney General of the United States, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Secretary of the Treasury may issue joint guidance or a joint rule to clarify application of the definitions under subsection

(d)or to specify how to verify beneficial ownership or other identification information provided under this section, including under subsection (a)(3). Failure to issue any such guidance or rule shall not delay the effective date of the requirements under this subpart. For the purposes of this section: Except as provided in subparagraph (B), the term beneficial owner means a natural person who, directly or indirectly— exercises substantial control over a corporation or limited liability company; or has a substantial interest in or receives substantial economic benefits from the assets of a corporation or limited liability company. The term beneficial owner shall not include— a minor child; a person acting as a nominee, intermediary, custodian, or agent on behalf of another person; a person acting solely as an employee of a corporation or limited liability company and whose control over or economic benefits from the corporation or limited liability company derives solely from the employment status of the person; a person whose only interest in a corporation or limited liability company is through a right of inheritance, unless the person also meets the requirements of subparagraph (A); or a creditor of a corporation or limited liability company, unless the creditor also meets the requirements of subparagraph (A). The exceptions under subparagraph

(B)shall not apply if used for the purpose of evading, circumventing, or abusing the provisions of subparagraph

(A)or subsection (a). Subject to subparagraph (B), the terms corporation and limited liability company — have the meanings given such terms under the laws of the applicable State; and include any non-United States entity eligible for registration or registered to do business as a corporation or limited liability company under the laws of the applicable State. Subject to subsection (a)(4), the terms corporation and limited liability company do not include an entity that— is— a business concern that is an issuer of a class of securities registered under section 12 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ( 15 U.S.C. 781 ) or that is required to file reports under section 15(d) of that Act ( 15 U.S.C. 78o(d) ); a business concern constituted or sponsored by a State, a political subdivision of a State, under an interstate compact between 2 or more States, by a department or agency of the United States, under the laws of the United States, or by an international organization of which the United States is a member; a depository institution (as defined in section 3 of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1813)); a credit union (as defined in section 101 of the Federal Credit Union Act (12 U.S.C. 1752)); a bank holding company (as defined in section 2 of the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1841)); a broker or dealer (as defined in section 3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78c)) that is registered under section 15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ( 15 U.S.C. 78o ); an exchange or clearing agency (as defined in section 3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 ( 15 U.S.C. 78c )) that is registered under section 6 or 17A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C. 78f and 78q–1); an investment company (as defined in section 3 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a–3)) or an investment advisor (as defined in section 202(11) of the Investment Advisors Act of 1940 ( 15 U.S.C. 80b–2(11) )), if the company or adviser is registered with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or has filed an application for registration which has not been denied, under the Investment Company Act of 1940 ( 15 U.S.C. 80a–1 et seq. ) or the Investment Advisor Act of 1940 ( 15 U.S.C. 80b–1 et seq. ); an insurance company (as defined in section 2 of the Investment Company Act of 1940 (15 U.S.C. 80a–2)); a registered entity (as defined in section 1a of the Commodity Exchange Act ( 7 U.S.C. 1a )), or a futures commission merchant, introducing broker, commodity pool operator, or commodity trading advisor (as defined in section 1a of the Commodity Exchange Act ( 7 U.S.C. 1a )) that is registered with the Commodity Futures Trading Commission; a public accounting firm registered in accordance with section 102 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act ( 15 U.S.C. 7212 ); a public utility that provides telecommunications service, electrical power, natural gas, or water and sewer services within the United States; a church, a charity, or a nonprofit entity that is described in sections 501(c), 527, or 4947(a)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, has not been denied tax exempt status, and is required to and has filed the most recently due annual information return with the Internal Revenue Service; any business concern that— employs more than 20 employees on a full-time basis in the United States; files income tax returns in the United States demonstrating more than $5,000,000 in gross receipts or sales; and has an operating presence at a physical location within the United States; or any corporation or limited liability company which is owned, in whole or in substantial part, by an entity described in subclause (I), (II), (III), (IV), (V), (VI), (VII), (VIII), (IX), (X), (XI), (XII), (XIII), or (XIV); or is within any class of business concerns which the Attorney General of the United States, the Secretary of Homeland Security, and the Secretary of the Treasury jointly determine in writing, upon the request of a State, and through an order, guidance, or rule should be exempt from the requirements of subsection (a), because requiring beneficial ownership information from the business concern would not serve the public interest and would not assist law enforcement efforts to detect, prevent, or punish criminal or civil misconduct. The term formation agent means a person who, for compensation, acts on behalf of another person to form, or assist in the formation, of a corporation or limited liability company under the laws of a State. . To carry out section 531 of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as added by this Act, and to protect the United States against the misuse affecting interstate or foreign commerce of corporations or limited liability companies with hidden owners, during the 3-year period beginning on the date of enactment of this Act, funds shall be made available to each State (as that term is defined under section 901(a)(2) of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3791(a)(2))), to pay reasonable costs to comply with the requirements of such section 531 from one or more of the following sources: Upon written request by a State, and without further appropriation, the Attorney General of the United States shall make available or transfer to the State funds from excess unobligated balances (as defined in section 524(c)(8)(D) of title 28, United States Code) in the Department of Justice Assets Forfeiture Fund established under section 524(c) of title 28, United States Code. Upon written request by a State, after consultation with the Attorney General of the United States, and without further appropriation, the Secretary of the Treasury shall make available or transfer to the State funds from unobligated balances described in section 9703(g)(4)(B) of title 31, United States Code, in the Department of the Treasury Forfeiture Fund. The Attorney General and Secretary of the Treasury, in their sole discretion, shall determine what costs are reasonable for purposes of paragraph (1), taking into account the maximum amount of funds available for distribution to States under paragraph (3). The Attorney General of the United States may not make available to States a total of more than $10,000,000 under paragraph (1)(A). The Secretary of the Treasury may not make available to States a total of more than $30,000,000 under paragraph (1)(B). The amounts available to be provided to, and any amounts provided to, a State under paragraph

(1)shall be exempt from, and shall not be reduced under, any order under section 251A of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985 ( 2 U.S.C. 901a ), including the order for fiscal year 2014 issued by the President on April 10, 2013. Nothing in this Act or an amendment made by this Act authorizes the Attorney General of the United States to withhold from a State any funding otherwise available to the State under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 (42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq.) because of a failure by that State to comply with subpart 4 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as added by this Act. Not later than 42 months after the date of enactment of this Act, the Comptroller General of the United States shall submit to the Committee on the Judiciary of the Senate and the Committee on the Judiciary of the House of Representatives a report identifying which States are in compliance with subpart 4 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 and, for any State not in compliance, what measures must be taken by that State to achieve compliance with such subpart 4. This Act and the amendments made by this Act do not supersede, alter, or affect any statute, regulation, order, or interpretation in effect in any State, except where a State has elected to receive funding from the Department of Justice under subpart 1 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968 ( 42 U.S.C. 3750 et seq. ), and then only to the extent that such State statute, regulation, order, or interpretation is inconsistent with this Act or an amendment made by this Act. A State statute, regulation, order, or interpretation is not inconsistent with this Act or an amendment made by this Act if such statute, regulation, order, or interpretation— requires additional information, more frequently updated information, or additional measures to verify information related to a corporation, limited liability company, or beneficial owner, than is specified under this Act or an amendment made by this Act; or imposes additional limits on public access to the beneficial ownership information obtained by the State than is specified under this Act or an amendment made by this Act. Nothing in this Act or the amendments made by this Act limits the authority of a State, by statute or otherwise, to disclose or to not disclose to the public all or any portion of the beneficial ownership information provided to the State under subpart 4 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as added by this Act. This Act and the amendments made by this Act do not impose any obligation on a State to verify the name, address, or identity of a beneficial owner whose information is submitted to such State under subpart 4 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as added by this Act. Not later than the first day of the first full fiscal year beginning at least 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrator for Federal Procurement Policy shall revise the Federal Acquisition Regulation maintained under section 1303(a)(1) of title 41, United States Code, to require any contractor who is subject to the requirement to disclose beneficial ownership information under subpart 4 of part E of title I of the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act of 1968, as added by this Act, to provide the information required to be disclosed under such subpart 4 to the Federal Government as part of any bid or proposal for a contract with a value threshold in excess of the simplified acquisition threshold under section 134 of title 41, United States Code.

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